本文關(guān)鍵詞：上、下項(xiàng)線間相關(guān)距離測(cè)量及臨床應(yīng)用研究　出處：《中國(guó)臨床解剖學(xué)雜志》2016年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 顱骨 上項(xiàng)線 下項(xiàng)線 測(cè)量

【摘要】：目的測(cè)量完整人顱骨的上、下項(xiàng)線及枕骨大孔間的距離,為臨床應(yīng)用提供數(shù)據(jù)。方法在113例中國(guó)成年人正常、干燥顱骨標(biāo)本上,取枕外隆突最高點(diǎn)、上項(xiàng)線上枕外隆突最高點(diǎn)左、右兩側(cè)旁開1 cm、2 cm各取一點(diǎn),顱骨后正中線上枕外嵴中點(diǎn)及其左、右兩側(cè)旁開1 cm點(diǎn)各取一點(diǎn),從上、下項(xiàng)線所取測(cè)量點(diǎn)向枕骨大孔方向作與顱骨后正中線平行的直線,用游標(biāo)卡尺測(cè)量枕骨上、下項(xiàng)線間及上、下項(xiàng)線分別與枕骨大孔間的弧面、直線、垂直及水平距離。結(jié)果在后正中線上,上、下項(xiàng)線間的距離最小,直線距離為(18.11±2.99)mm、弧面距離為(19.18±2.83)mm、垂直距離為(11.11±3.44)mm、水平距離為(14.65±3.19)mm,向左、右旁開后除水平距離變小,其余各距離指標(biāo)變大;枕外嵴中點(diǎn)到枕骨大孔后緣間兩點(diǎn)的距離最小,直線距離為(21.73±3.35)mm、弧面距離為(22.74±3.47)mm、垂直距離為(10.69±3.44)mm、水平距離為(19.10±3.35)mm,向左、右旁開后,各距離指標(biāo)變大。結(jié)論下項(xiàng)線準(zhǔn)確定位是臨床操作安全和有效的關(guān)鍵,以枕外隆突和上項(xiàng)線可以確定下項(xiàng)線位置,在后正中線上,下項(xiàng)線距上項(xiàng)線的垂直距離最小,為(11.11±3.44)mm。
[Abstract]:Objective to measure the distance between the superior and inferior lines of the intact human skull and the foramen magnum of the occipital bone, and to provide data for clinical application. The top of the occipital external protuberance on the superior line was left, the right side was 1 cm ~ 2 cm, the middle point and left of the occipital external crest on the posterior median line of skull, and the 1 cm point on the right side were taken from the top of the right side. The measuring point of the next line is parallel to the foramen magnum of occipital bone, and the curve and line between the line of occipital bone and foramen magnum of occipital bone are measured by Vernier caliper respectively by using Vernier caliper to measure the curve between the line of occipital bone and the line between line of inferior item and foramen magnum of occipital bone. Results the distance between the two lines was the smallest, the distance of straight line was 18.11 鹵2.99 mm, and the distance of arc was 19.18 鹵2.83 mm. The vertical distance was 11.11 鹵3.44 mm, and the horizontal distance was 14.65 鹵3.19 mm. The distance between the midpoint of external occipital crest and the posterior margin of occipital foramen was the smallest, the distance of straight line was 21.73 鹵3.35 mm, and the distance of arc was 22.74 鹵3.47 mm. The vertical distance was 10.69 鹵3.44 mm, and the horizontal distance was 19.10 鹵3.35 mm. Conclusion accurate location of the next line is the key to safe and effective clinical operation. The location of the next line can be determined by external occipital protuberance and superior line, and on the posterior median line. The vertical distance from the next line to the upper line is the smallest, which is 11.11 鹵3.44mm.
【作者單位】： 南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)中醫(yī)藥學(xué)院;廣州中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)第二附屬醫(yī)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金(81273871)
【分類號(hào)】：R323.1
【正文快照】： 枕部與頸椎交界區(qū)軟組織病變可導(dǎo)致多種疾病,常見的如頸椎病、頸源性頭痛、頸源性眩暈、血管神經(jīng)性頭痛、偏頭痛、枕大神經(jīng)痛、寰樞關(guān)節(jié)半脫位和寰枕后膜攣縮征等[1~5]。目前,對(duì)該區(qū)域軟組織病變的治療手段也有多種,可見文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的有針刺、針刀、撥針、穴位注射、痛點(diǎn)阻滯、推，

本文編號(hào)：1426863