本文關鍵詞：功能化石墨烯的制備及其共振能量轉移在生化分析中的應用研究　出處：《西南大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：石墨烯自從2004年被發(fā)現以來,由于結構、機械、電學及化學特性在場效應晶體管、傳感器、清潔能源設備和復合納米材料等方面有著重要的應用。本文制備了氧化石墨烯,并在此基礎上利用石墨烯作為共振能量轉移受體,實現了對HIV病毒DNA的分析檢測。同時,采用新的方法合成了還原型氧化石墨烯和熒光石墨烯,考察了其物理和化學性質,并進一步探討了其作為共振能量轉移供受體的性質。具體研究內容包括以下三個方面： (1)通過引入氧化石墨烯作為信噪比增強試劑,以人類免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)相關短DNA序列為例,開發(fā)了一種基于長程共振能量轉移策略對DNA進行分析檢測的簡便方法。當體系中不存在靶物ssDNA時,探針ssDNA和Sybr GreenⅠ染料都會吸附到氧化石墨烯表面,此時由于染料和氧化石墨烯之間存在長程共振能量轉移過程,所以Sybr GreenⅠ染料熒光被猝滅。當向體系中加入靶物ssDNA,此時靶物ssDNA和探針ssDNA會形成雙鏈結構,由于DNA雙鏈結構和氧化石墨烯較弱的π-π相互作用力,同時Sybr GreenⅠ染料嵌入DNA雙鏈結構的凹槽,所以Sybr GreenⅠ染料的熒光得以恢復,據此高靈敏的檢測DNA,檢測限能達到0.31nM,并且能夠檢測堿基錯配,該方法相對于其它檢測特征DNA序列的方法,具有靈敏、簡便、特異性高、抗干擾好的特點。 (2)采用氧化石墨烯固體作為碳源,葉酸作為還原劑,制備了葉酸功能化還原型氧化石墨烯。值得注意的是,葉酸不僅作為還原劑,同時還可作為穩(wěn)定劑,所制備的還原型氧化石墨烯在水溶液中能夠穩(wěn)定存在4個月以上,進一步從紫外吸收光譜、X射線衍射、紅外光譜、拉曼光譜、透射電鏡、熱穩(wěn)定性和細胞毒性等方面進行考察,所合成材料表現出較好的還原型氧化石墨烯性質,同時將所制備得到的材料用作共振能量轉移受體,和氧化石墨烯進行對比,考察了對熒光素的淬滅,葉酸功能化還原型氧化石墨烯對染料的猝滅效果更好。 (3)以表面活性劑PEG.600作為鈍化試劑,開發(fā)了一種簡單的水熱法一步合成熒光石墨烯。由于表面活性劑PEG-600含有大量羥基官能團,所合成的熒光石墨烯能夠在水溶液中穩(wěn)定存在5個月以上,并且其具有較好的抗鹽性和抗光漂白性,在pH為2.0-12.0的范圍內,熒光強度穩(wěn)定。
[Abstract]:Graphene has been discovered since 2004, because of structural, mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties of field-effect transistors, sensors. Clean energy equipment and composite nanomaterials have important applications. In this paper graphene oxide was prepared and used as a resonance energy transfer receptor. At the same time, the reduced graphene oxide and fluorescent graphene were synthesized by a new method, and their physical and chemical properties were investigated. The properties of the receptor as a donor of resonant energy transfer are further discussed. The specific contents of the study include the following three aspects: By introducing graphene oxide as a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) enhancement reagent, the short DNA sequence associated with HIV-1 was used as an example. A simple method for the analysis and detection of DNA based on long range resonance energy transfer strategy is developed, when there is no target ssDNA in the system. The probe ssDNA and Sybr Green I dyes are adsorbed to the surface of graphene oxide, and there is a long range resonance energy transfer process between the dyes and graphene oxide. So the fluorescence of Sybr Green I dye was quenched. When the target DNA was added to the system, the target ssDNA and the probe ssDNA formed double-stranded structure. Because of the weak 蟺-蟺 interaction between DNA double stranded structure and graphene oxide, the Sybr Green 鈪，

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