美國(guó)主流媒體與另類媒體:美國(guó)在巴基斯坦的無人機(jī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-11-15 04:49
本研究旨在研究發(fā)生在巴基斯坦的反叛亂隱秘?zé)o人機(jī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)在美國(guó)媒體中的報(bào)道。一個(gè)讓人無法忽視的現(xiàn)實(shí)是,反叛亂隱秘?zé)o人機(jī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)秘密造成了巨大的死亡,但是人們卻對(duì)此知之甚少。在這個(gè)信息時(shí)代,這種情況的出現(xiàn)就更加值得我們關(guān)注。“后真相”和“假新聞”的時(shí)代,為了辨清對(duì)錯(cuò),我們需要深入分析不同的媒體來揭示巴基斯坦反叛亂隱秘?zé)o人機(jī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的真相。由于獨(dú)立媒體一直在挑戰(zhàn)主流媒體的可信度。因此,這項(xiàng)研究既采用了主流媒體（自由主義的《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》和保守主義的《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》）,也選擇了獨(dú)立媒體來研究反叛亂隱秘?zé)o人機(jī)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的現(xiàn)象。這一研究運(yùn)用的理論是Anne Morelli的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)宣傳原則和報(bào)刊的社會(huì)責(zé)任理論,時(shí)間跨度是從2004年6月到2014年6月的十年間。這段時(shí)間選取所基于的現(xiàn)實(shí)是,美國(guó)在2004年6月開始了無人機(jī)在巴基斯坦的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),并在2014年6月降低了無人機(jī)攻擊的頻率。巴基斯坦與阿富汗邊界漫長(zhǎng),在“9 · 11”之后,美國(guó)時(shí)任總統(tǒng)布什告訴巴基斯坦,要么選擇美國(guó),要么選擇恐怖分子。據(jù)美國(guó)媒體報(bào)道,在美國(guó)入侵阿富汗后,阿富汗塔利班和基地組織武裝分子在阿富汗-巴基斯坦邊界地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移,這個(gè)地區(qū)已成為“世界上最危險(xiǎn)的地方”。美...
【文章來源】：武漢大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】：236 頁
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 MEDIATED GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR (GWOT) AND PAKISTAN
1.2 MYSTERIOUS 9/11 AND PAKISTAN: WAR HYSTERIA OF MEDIA AND POLITICS
1.3 ALTERNATIVE MEDIA (AM): ALTERNATIVE POLITICAL REALITY
1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
1.5 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
2 BACKGROUND
2.1 9/11, AND BUSH: MEDIA AND AMERICA'S COVERT COIN DRONE WAR
2.2 OBAMA'S DRONE WAR: MAINSTREAM MEDIA, ALTERNATIVE MEDIA, PUBLIC DEBATE ON US DRONEPOLICY
2.3 SUMMARY
3 LITERATURE SYNTHESIS
3.1 THE PARADOX OF FREE AND INFORMED AMERICAN SOCIETY
3.2 MEDIA AND DRONE: BODY COUNT AND THE ERROR-RIDDEN SCHOLARSHIP
3.3 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITYTHEORY AND INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM
3.4 THEORETICAL WORKING VISION OF AMERICAN CONGLOMERATE MAINSTREAM MEDIA (CMSM)
3.5 THE BAFFLE OF INFORMATION AND STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION
3.6 SUMMARY
3.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
4 RESEARCH METHOD
4.1 STUDY DESIGN
4.2 DATA COLLECTION METHOD
4.3 THEMATIC ANALYSIS (TA)
4.3.1 Thematic Analysis (TA): Inductive (Data Driven) and Deductive (Theory Driven)
4.3.2 Themes Level: Semantic and Latent
4.4 DOING THEMATIC ANALYSIS: A RECURSIVE PROCESS WITH SIX PHASES
4.5 MANUAL CODING
5 FINDINGS
5.1 THE NEW YORK TIMES DATA ANALYSIS
5.2 THE NEW YORK TIMES: PRO-WAR AND PRO-DRONES AND PRO-UNILATERAL VIOLENT FOREIGNPOLICY
5.2.1 Egregious but a "Just" "War of Necessity": Pakistan is a "Real Front"
5.2.2 Times' Megalomania V/S "Cancer" Republic of Terroristan: Game of "Cat andMouse"
5.2.3 New York Times' Deception and Contradiction: Confusion and Secrecy
5.3 THE NEW YORK TIMES: ANTI-WAR AND ANTI-DRONES AND ANTI-UNILATERAL VIOLENT FOREIGNPOLICY
5.3.1 Untenable "SHADOW" Dome War: Moral Responsibility under Just War Theories?
5.3.2 Non-American Life is Now Partially Equal to American Life: New Rules forTargeted Killing
5.4 WALL STREET JOURNAL DATA ANALYSIS
5.4.1 Control Nuclear Pakistan-"A Pivotal Muslim Nation":"The Global Headquartersof Terrorism"
5.4.2 Humane, Moral and Helpful Covert Drone War: Killing is a Measure of Safety
5.4.3 The Case of Prisoners of War (POW): Guantanamo Bay and Detainees
5.4.4 Pak-US Relations and the Yemen Pattern: Good-Bad-Ugly for Humanity
5.4.5 Drone and International Law: "Welcome to the War"
5.4.6 Media and the Business of War: Game of Money, Politics, Hegemony and GlobalControl
5.5 DEMOCRACY NOW (ON) DATA ANALYSIS
5.5.1 Pure and Authentic Journalism:Exposing the Cruelty of "Dirty Wars"
5.5.2 Pakistan is a Terror Construction/ Destruction Factory: Dirty Role of Pakistan inAmerican "Dirty Wars"
5.5.3 DN: Supporter, Promotor and Defender of Public Activation under US Constitution
5.5.4 "Venus" and "Mars" Strategy: Neo-Conservatives' Infinite Symbolic War againstAl Qaeda and Economic War against USA
5.5.5 Muslims' Faith Card Spin and US Relation with Nuclear Pakistan: Hyperbole andFear
5.5.6 Military-Industrial-Complex, Drone War and Moral Responsibility: Global"Thought Police" and the Global Garrison States of America VS China
5.5.7 Take Pakistan Down (Yemen Pattern)-Make the Pakistani System "scream",Divide Army, Destabilize it, Control Nukes and Dismember it into Pieces: Alinsky ChaosModel
5.6 FINAL VERDICT: UNCHAINED TAOTIE (饕餮)- MEDIA AND "WAR [ARE] NECESSARY EVIL"
6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
6.1 SUMMARY OF THE MAJOR FINDINGS
6.1.1 The New York Times: (Pro-War and Anti-War)-god of Spin and Mental Chaos
6.1.2 The Wall Street Journal: "Welcome to War"-Violence is the Basic Agenda
6.1.3 Democracy Now: Washington is the Headquarter of War under "Business Party"
6.2 IMPLICATION AND CONTRIBUTION
6.2.1 Alternative media (AM): The Sole Protector of the People?-"God Helps ThoseWho Help Themselves"
6.2.2 Media and "Lazy" and Ignorant Americans: Business Model Media
6.2.3 "Heartland Theory" and AFPAK Region: Soft (Media) and Hard Power (Military)
6.2.4 Edward Said's Orient: Media and Scholars are Part of the Conspiracy againstPeople
6.2.5 Instead of Bringing People Close, Media is Creating Ideological Walls betweenThem
6.3 LIMITATION OF STUDY AND DIRECTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
本文編號(hào)：3496066
【文章來源】：武漢大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直屬院校
【文章頁數(shù)】：236 頁
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【文章目錄】：
中文摘要
ABSTRACT
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 MEDIATED GLOBAL WAR ON TERROR (GWOT) AND PAKISTAN
1.2 MYSTERIOUS 9/11 AND PAKISTAN: WAR HYSTERIA OF MEDIA AND POLITICS
1.3 ALTERNATIVE MEDIA (AM): ALTERNATIVE POLITICAL REALITY
1.4 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY
1.5 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
2 BACKGROUND
2.1 9/11, AND BUSH: MEDIA AND AMERICA'S COVERT COIN DRONE WAR
2.2 OBAMA'S DRONE WAR: MAINSTREAM MEDIA, ALTERNATIVE MEDIA, PUBLIC DEBATE ON US DRONEPOLICY
2.3 SUMMARY
3 LITERATURE SYNTHESIS
3.1 THE PARADOX OF FREE AND INFORMED AMERICAN SOCIETY
3.2 MEDIA AND DRONE: BODY COUNT AND THE ERROR-RIDDEN SCHOLARSHIP
3.3 SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITYTHEORY AND INVESTIGATIVE JOURNALISM
3.4 THEORETICAL WORKING VISION OF AMERICAN CONGLOMERATE MAINSTREAM MEDIA (CMSM)
3.5 THE BAFFLE OF INFORMATION AND STRATEGIC COMMUNICATION
3.6 SUMMARY
3.7 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
4 RESEARCH METHOD
4.1 STUDY DESIGN
4.2 DATA COLLECTION METHOD
4.3 THEMATIC ANALYSIS (TA)
4.3.1 Thematic Analysis (TA): Inductive (Data Driven) and Deductive (Theory Driven)
4.3.2 Themes Level: Semantic and Latent
4.4 DOING THEMATIC ANALYSIS: A RECURSIVE PROCESS WITH SIX PHASES
4.5 MANUAL CODING
5 FINDINGS
5.1 THE NEW YORK TIMES DATA ANALYSIS
5.2 THE NEW YORK TIMES: PRO-WAR AND PRO-DRONES AND PRO-UNILATERAL VIOLENT FOREIGNPOLICY
5.2.1 Egregious but a "Just" "War of Necessity": Pakistan is a "Real Front"
5.2.2 Times' Megalomania V/S "Cancer" Republic of Terroristan: Game of "Cat andMouse"
5.2.3 New York Times' Deception and Contradiction: Confusion and Secrecy
5.3 THE NEW YORK TIMES: ANTI-WAR AND ANTI-DRONES AND ANTI-UNILATERAL VIOLENT FOREIGNPOLICY
5.3.1 Untenable "SHADOW" Dome War: Moral Responsibility under Just War Theories?
5.3.2 Non-American Life is Now Partially Equal to American Life: New Rules forTargeted Killing
5.4 WALL STREET JOURNAL DATA ANALYSIS
5.4.1 Control Nuclear Pakistan-"A Pivotal Muslim Nation":"The Global Headquartersof Terrorism"
5.4.2 Humane, Moral and Helpful Covert Drone War: Killing is a Measure of Safety
5.4.3 The Case of Prisoners of War (POW): Guantanamo Bay and Detainees
5.4.4 Pak-US Relations and the Yemen Pattern: Good-Bad-Ugly for Humanity
5.4.5 Drone and International Law: "Welcome to the War"
5.4.6 Media and the Business of War: Game of Money, Politics, Hegemony and GlobalControl
5.5 DEMOCRACY NOW (ON) DATA ANALYSIS
5.5.1 Pure and Authentic Journalism:Exposing the Cruelty of "Dirty Wars"
5.5.2 Pakistan is a Terror Construction/ Destruction Factory: Dirty Role of Pakistan inAmerican "Dirty Wars"
5.5.3 DN: Supporter, Promotor and Defender of Public Activation under US Constitution
5.5.4 "Venus" and "Mars" Strategy: Neo-Conservatives' Infinite Symbolic War againstAl Qaeda and Economic War against USA
5.5.5 Muslims' Faith Card Spin and US Relation with Nuclear Pakistan: Hyperbole andFear
5.5.6 Military-Industrial-Complex, Drone War and Moral Responsibility: Global"Thought Police" and the Global Garrison States of America VS China
5.5.7 Take Pakistan Down (Yemen Pattern)-Make the Pakistani System "scream",Divide Army, Destabilize it, Control Nukes and Dismember it into Pieces: Alinsky ChaosModel
5.6 FINAL VERDICT: UNCHAINED TAOTIE (饕餮)- MEDIA AND "WAR [ARE] NECESSARY EVIL"
6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
6.1 SUMMARY OF THE MAJOR FINDINGS
6.1.1 The New York Times: (Pro-War and Anti-War)-god of Spin and Mental Chaos
6.1.2 The Wall Street Journal: "Welcome to War"-Violence is the Basic Agenda
6.1.3 Democracy Now: Washington is the Headquarter of War under "Business Party"
6.2 IMPLICATION AND CONTRIBUTION
6.2.1 Alternative media (AM): The Sole Protector of the People?-"God Helps ThoseWho Help Themselves"
6.2.2 Media and "Lazy" and Ignorant Americans: Business Model Media
6.2.3 "Heartland Theory" and AFPAK Region: Soft (Media) and Hard Power (Military)
6.2.4 Edward Said's Orient: Media and Scholars are Part of the Conspiracy againstPeople
6.2.5 Instead of Bringing People Close, Media is Creating Ideological Walls betweenThem
6.3 LIMITATION OF STUDY AND DIRECTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
Acknowledgement
REFERENCES
本文編號(hào)：3496066
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