海明威的小說《喪鐘為誰而鳴》是以西班牙內(nèi)戰(zhàn)為歷史背景創(chuàng)作的一部戰(zhàn)爭題材的作品。故事圍繞主人公喬丹接受一次炸橋任務(wù)開始,通過一系列跌宕起伏的故事情節(jié)的描寫,譜寫了一曲發(fā)生在三個(gè)晝夜的有關(guān)青春,愛情,生命,責(zé)任的贊歌。本文論述部分主要包括三章。第三章,通過論述小說中主要人物的主動選擇體現(xiàn)了薩特所主張的“存在先于本質(zhì)”的觀點(diǎn),即人們可以自己選擇自己的生活,并通過不同的選擇表現(xiàn)出不同的性格特征和本質(zhì)特性。第四章,討論了小說中所揭示的荒謬和虛無。無論是從戰(zhàn)爭的濫殺無辜,到自然界中的反�，F(xiàn)象以及人與人之間的不和諧都是存在主義理論所涉及和關(guān)注的現(xiàn)象。戰(zhàn)爭的爆發(fā)對人性進(jìn)行了無情的摧殘,破壞了人們對美好生活的向往,并且使人們的內(nèi)心產(chǎn)生了一系列悲觀情緒�？仗�,焦慮像一張無形的網(wǎng)罩在人們的頭上,使得人們看不到光明也因此迷失在絕望和痛苦中。戰(zhàn)爭作為一種非理性的不和諧的因素阻礙了人們對幸福生活的追求。第五章,通過論述喬丹和兩位女主人公在戰(zhàn)爭中的英勇行為以及他們對共和國事業(yè)的無私奉獻(xiàn)精神,體現(xiàn)了其性格中所具有的勇于擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)呢?zé)任感和面對困難時(shí)的不屈不撓堅(jiān)韌和不拔的精神�！秵淑姙檎l而鳴》是一部具有深厚歷史背景的鴻篇巨著... 

【文章來源】：云南師范大學(xué)云南省

【文章頁數(shù)】：92 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Acknowledgements
Abstract
中文摘要
Introduction
Chapter One Literature Review
    1.1 Studies in View of Biography and Historical Background
    1.2 Studies in View of Writing Styles and Theme
    1.3 Comments and Contribution
Chapter Two Theoretical Framework and Application
    2.1 An Overview of Existentialism
        2.1.1 A Background of Existentialism
        2.1.2 The Main Representatives of Existentialism
        2.1.3 The Main Viewpoints of Existentialism
    2.2 Sartre’s Contribution to Existentialism
        2.2.1 Existence Precedes Essence
        2.2.2 Absurdity and Nothingness
        2.2.3 Freedom and Responsibility
    2.3 The Relationship between Existentialism and the Research
        2.3.1 Nothingness in For Whom the Bell Tolls
        2.3.2 Absurdity in For Whom the Bells Tolls
        2.3.3 Freedom and Responsibility in For Whom the Bell Tolls
Chapter Three Existence Preceding Essence
    3.1 The Newly Forged Image of Robert Jordan during the Spanish Civil War
        3.1.1 Jordan’s Dedication to the Cause of Republic
        3.1.2 Jordan’s Selfless Behavior
    3.2 The New Women Images of Pilar and Maria Fostered during the War
        3.2.1 The Positive Choice of Pilar during the War
        3.2.2 The Active Transformation of Maria
    3.3 The Degradation of Pablo
        3.3.1 The Self-oriented Pablo
        3.3.2 The Cowardice of Pablo
Chapter Four Nothingness and Absurdity
    4.1 The absurdity of war
        4.1.1 The Absurdity Existed in the Face of the Hefty Enemy
        4.1.2 The Absurdity Existed in Wantonly Slaughter of the Civilians
    4.2 The absurdity of nature
        4.2.1 Snow: the Absurd Force from Nature
        4.2.2 Snow: the Rebelling Force of Nature
    4.3 The Nothingness and Absurdity Related to the Others
        4.3.1 The Absurd Order of Golz
        4.3.2 The Absurd Deeds of Pablo
Chapter Five Freedom and Responsibility
    5.1 Jordan’s Love for Maria and His Responsibility
        5.1.1 Jordan’s Loyalty to His Love for Maria
        5.1.2 Jordan’s Responsibility in His Love for Maria
    5.2 Jordan’s Free Choice of Fighting for the Just Cause and His Responsibility .
        5.2.1 Jordan’s Voluntary Enlistment in the Army
        5.2.2 Jordan’s Responsibility for the Cause of Republic
    5.3 Pilar and Maria’s Free Choice and Responsibility
        5.3.1 Pilar’s Free Choice and Responsibility
        5.3.2 Maria’s Free Choice and Responsibility
Conclusion
Bibliography
Appendix



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