【摘要】：20世紀(jì)60年代,蕾切爾·卡森發(fā)表的《寂靜的春天》是現(xiàn)代環(huán)境運(yùn)動(dòng)的語(yǔ)篇肇始,該書(shū)語(yǔ)言蘊(yùn)含的綠色語(yǔ)法思想極大地警醒了人們,讓全世界注意到濫用殺蟲(chóng)劑給人類健康和環(huán)境帶來(lái)的危害,呼吁更多的人去關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題�！熬G色語(yǔ)法”不是傳統(tǒng)意義上注重語(yǔ)言表達(dá)規(guī)則的語(yǔ)法,而是為了充分體現(xiàn)人與自然和諧共處、萬(wàn)物皆平等這一現(xiàn)代生態(tài)倫理觀念的詞匯語(yǔ)法表達(dá)方式。它表達(dá)了一種綠色的理念,強(qiáng)調(diào)要通過(guò)語(yǔ)言手段來(lái)保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境,而且也要對(duì)語(yǔ)言系統(tǒng)中非生態(tài)的意識(shí)形態(tài)和語(yǔ)法表達(dá)進(jìn)行批評(píng)分析。國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)《寂靜的春天》的研究,基本是基于生態(tài)女性主義、生態(tài)批評(píng)、環(huán)境哲學(xué)及環(huán)保類的文學(xué)性研究。本論文將韓禮德系統(tǒng)功能語(yǔ)法的及物系統(tǒng)理論與費(fèi)爾克勞的三維分析理論結(jié)合起來(lái),選取《寂靜的春天》的部分語(yǔ)料,從語(yǔ)言本身出發(fā),以生態(tài)批評(píng)性話語(yǔ)分析為研究范式,通過(guò)在描述層面、闡釋層面和解釋層面等三個(gè)維度對(duì)《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇的及物性特征進(jìn)行研究,探討了蘊(yùn)涵于《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇中的“綠色語(yǔ)法”思想,揭示了語(yǔ)言、自然和社會(huì)三者之間的關(guān)系。《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇的綠色語(yǔ)法特點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)在如下三個(gè)方面:在描述層面,《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇的及物性特征是,物質(zhì)過(guò)程和關(guān)系過(guò)程分別以46.98%和31.88%的比例占主要地位,心理過(guò)程、言語(yǔ)過(guò)程、存在過(guò)程分別只占9.06%、6.38%、5.70%,而行為過(guò)程沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)。這表明,《寂靜的春天》的觀點(diǎn)和結(jié)論具有客觀性,作者是在大量客觀數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)語(yǔ)言描述的“物質(zhì)過(guò)程”將這些數(shù)據(jù)客觀具體的列舉出來(lái),以揭示殺蟲(chóng)劑所帶來(lái)的危害的。在闡釋層面,《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇的物質(zhì)過(guò)程、關(guān)系過(guò)程、心理過(guò)程、言語(yǔ)過(guò)程以及存在過(guò)程,皆在不同程度上蘊(yùn)含了綠色語(yǔ)法思想。在這些及物性過(guò)程中,《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇的一些話語(yǔ)構(gòu)建,對(duì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行了巧妙運(yùn)用。如,為推卸責(zé)任而隱藏了動(dòng)作的施事者和受事者的名詞化結(jié)構(gòu)在物質(zhì)過(guò)程、關(guān)系過(guò)程以及言語(yǔ)過(guò)程中的運(yùn)用;大量無(wú)生命物體作為施事者在物質(zhì)過(guò)程、心理過(guò)程、存在過(guò)程的運(yùn)用;互動(dòng)動(dòng)詞在物質(zhì)過(guò)程的運(yùn)用,這些“綠色語(yǔ)法”皆在不同程度上對(duì)人類中心主義、增長(zhǎng)主義、等級(jí)主義等非生態(tài)因素進(jìn)行了批評(píng),以構(gòu)建人類與非人類共存的場(chǎng)景,從而實(shí)現(xiàn)人與自然的和諧。在解釋層面,《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇揭示了語(yǔ)言和社會(huì)之間存在著特定的內(nèi)在關(guān)系--以人類為中心的無(wú)意識(shí)的話語(yǔ)在對(duì)語(yǔ)言者行為進(jìn)行著構(gòu)建。一方面,就語(yǔ)言使用者本身而言,他們對(duì)于自己所建構(gòu)的反生態(tài)的話語(yǔ)毫無(wú)意識(shí),也并不知道此話語(yǔ)有悖于生態(tài)和諧。另一方面,隨著人類生態(tài)意識(shí)的覺(jué)醒,這種無(wú)意識(shí)的話語(yǔ)構(gòu)建將會(huì)有意識(shí)的發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變,使得語(yǔ)言者對(duì)語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行選擇,使用有益于生態(tài)和諧的語(yǔ)言,積極構(gòu)建和諧的生態(tài)環(huán)境�！都澎o的春天》語(yǔ)篇蘊(yùn)含的綠色語(yǔ)法揭示的這種內(nèi)在關(guān)系有著顯著的社會(huì)功能,促進(jìn)了人們?cè)诃h(huán)境保護(hù)方面做出努力,促使人們認(rèn)識(shí)到語(yǔ)言與現(xiàn)實(shí)是持續(xù)不斷地相關(guān)聯(lián);也警醒人類應(yīng)該重視和自然世界的關(guān)系,要以謙遜的態(tài)度來(lái)對(duì)待自然,要與自然和諧相處�？傊�,《寂靜的春天》語(yǔ)篇蘊(yùn)含的綠色語(yǔ)法思想促進(jìn)人們對(duì)語(yǔ)言使用進(jìn)行有意識(shí)的選擇,從而發(fā)揮語(yǔ)言在環(huán)境問(wèn)題中的積極作用。
[Abstract]:In the 1960s, Rachel Carson published Silent Spring, the beginning of the discourse of the modern environmental movement. The green grammar in the language of the book greatly alerted people to the dangers of pesticide abuse to human health and the environment, and called for more people to pay attention to environmental issues. It is a grammar that pays attention to the rules of language expression in the traditional sense, but in order to fully embody the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and the equality of all things, which is a lexical and grammatical expression of modern ecological ethics. Ideology and grammatical expression are critically analyzed.The study of Silent Spring at home and abroad is basically based on the literary study of ecofeminism, ecocriticism, environmental philosophy and environmental protection.This paper combines the transitive system theory of Halliday's Systemic Functional Grammar with Fairclaw's three-dimensional analysis theory to select Silence. From the perspective of language itself and eco-critical discourse analysis, the transitivity of Spring in Silence is studied from the perspectives of description, interpretation and interpretation. The idea of "green grammar" in Spring in Silence is explored and revealed. On the descriptive level, the transitivity of the text is that the material process and the relational process occupy the dominant position in 46.98% and 31.88% respectively, while the psychological process, the speech process and the existential process are only in the descriptive level. 9.06%, 6.38%, 5.70% of the pesticides, but the behavior process is not reflected. This shows that the views and conclusions of Silent Spring are objective. The author enumerates these data objectively and concretely on the basis of a large number of objective data and through the "material process" described by language to reveal the harm caused by pesticides. The material, relational, psychological, verbal and existential processes of "Spring of Silence" contain green grammatical ideas to varying degrees. In these transitivity processes, some discourse construction in the discourse of "Spring of Silence" makes ingenious use of language. For example, the actors and receivers who hide their actions in order to shirk their responsibilities. The use of the nominalized structure of the agent in material, relational and verbal processes; the use of a large number of inanimate objects as agents in material, psychological and existential processes; and the use of interactive verbs in material processes, all of these "green grammars" are to varying degrees anthropocentrism, growth, hierarchy At the explanatory level, the text of Silent Spring reveals that there exists a specific internal relationship between language and society - that is, unconscious discourse centered on human beings constructs the behavior of the speaker. As far as the language users themselves are concerned, they are unconscious of the anti-ecological discourse they have constructed, and do not know that the discourse is contrary to ecological harmony. On the other hand, with the awakening of human ecological consciousness, this unconscious discourse construction will consciously change, making the language users to choose and use useful language. Language of ecological harmony, actively building a harmonious ecological environment. text contains green grammar reveals this inherent relationship has a significant social function, promote people to make efforts in environmental protection, make people realize that language and reality are constantly related; also warn people should attach importance to and The relationship between the natural world and nature should be treated with humility and in harmony with nature. In a word, the green grammar thought in the text of Silent Spring promotes people to make conscious choices in language use, so that language can play an active role in environmental problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：I712.06

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 陳丹;從小說(shuō)《寂靜的春天》看人與自然環(huán)境的關(guān)系[D];長(zhǎng)春理工大學(xué);2011年

，

本文編號(hào)：2208068

suoshi