常德話屬于西南官話,雖地處湖南,卻屬于北方方言體系,其第一人稱代詞“玩”/uan/和“玩安”/uanηan/在發(fā)音和語(yǔ)法上都極具地方特色。隨著常德話和普通話的頻繁接觸,該方言第一人稱代詞的使用發(fā)生了較大的變異與變化。本文以變異與變化理論及類型學(xué)的人稱聚合結(jié)構(gòu)理論為指導(dǎo),采用觀察法和訪談法收集語(yǔ)料,選取常德100人作為調(diào)查對(duì)象,并運(yùn)用Praat5.1.08和GOLDVARB X軟件記錄和分析語(yǔ)料。本文主要研究三個(gè)問(wèn)題:1)常德話第一人稱代詞發(fā)生了怎樣的變異與變化?2)哪些語(yǔ)言和社會(huì)因素比如數(shù),語(yǔ)言成分,年齡,性別,職業(yè),家庭背景,交談場(chǎng)合造成了這些變異與變化?3)常德方言的人稱聚合結(jié)構(gòu)是什么,是否和人稱代詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形的語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象有關(guān)?研究結(jié)果顯示,常德方言第一人稱傳統(tǒng)上有“玩”/uan/、“玩安”/uanηan/兩種形式,隨著與普通話的接觸,出現(xiàn)了“我”/uo/以及“我們”/uo mηn/新變體。通過(guò)對(duì)比其語(yǔ)譜圖,發(fā)現(xiàn)“我”/uo/發(fā)音與現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)“我”存在一定差別,但“我們”/uo mηn/與現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)“我們”差別很小。從整體的分布來(lái)看,新形式使用總體遠(yuǎn)高于舊形式,尤其舊形式的復(fù)數(shù)形式“玩安... 

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：80 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Introduction
    Research Background
    Research Questions
    Objectives and Significance of the Research
    Organization of the Thesis
Chapter One Literature Review
    1.1 Previous Researches on First Person Pronoun
        1.1.1 Researches on First Person Pronoun in Different Languages and Dialects
        1.1.2 Researches of Chinese First Person Pronoun in Different Periods
    1.2 Previous Researches on Changde Dialect
        1.2.1 Person Pronoun in Changde Dialect
        1.2.2 Researches on Changde Dialect from Different Perspectives
    1.3 Comments on Previous Studies
Chapter Two Theoretical Framework
    2.1 Variation Theory
        2.1.1 Linguistic and Social Variables
        2.1.2 Spontaneous Speech in Variation Study
    2.2 Linguistic Typology
        2.2.1 Approaches for Linguistic Typology
        2.2.2 Paradigmatic Structure of Person Marking
Chapter Three Research Methodology
    3.1 Hypothesis
    3.2 Research Subjects
    3.3 Data Collection
        3.3.1 Tape-recorded Spontaneous Conversation
        3.3.2 Observation of the Daily Speech
    3.4 Data Processing
        3.4.1 Transcription of Speech Data
        3.4.2 Distributional and Multivariate Analysis of the Recorded Speech Data
Chapter Four Results and Discussion
    4.1 Variations of First Person Pronoun in Changde Dialect
        4.1.1 Overall Distribution of First Person Pronouns
        4.1.2 Two New Forms of First Person Pronouns
        4.1.3 Multivariate Analysis of New Forms of First Person Pronoun
    4.2 Linguistic Factors on the Variation and Change of First Person Pronoun
        4.2.1 Number
        4.2.2 Language Components
    4.3 Social Factors on the Variation and Change of the First Person Pronoun
        4.3.1 Gender
        4.3.2 Age
        4.3.3 Family Background
        4.3.4 Occupation
        4.3.5 Conversation Setting
    4.4 Typological Discussions on First Person Pronoun
        4.4.1 Paradigmatic Structures of Person Markers in Changde Dialect
        4.4.2 Singularization of Plural Form in Changde Dialect
Chapter Five Implications
    5.1 A Further Understanding of Singularization on Plural Form
    5.2 Evidence for the Declination of Changde Dialect
    5.3 Rich Variation Studies on Person Pronoun of Dialect
Conclusion
Works Cited
Acknowledgements
Appendix A: Coding for Each Factor Group
Appendix B: Samples of First Person Pronoun Variation in Changdedialecct from the Excel Data File
Informative Abstract in Chinese
Résumé and Publications since Entering the Program


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
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碩士論文
[1]湖南常德方言中程度副詞修飾動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)象考察[D]. 馬冬晴.湖南師范大學(xué) 2015
[2]先秦漢語(yǔ)第一人稱代詞研究綜述[D]. 陳超.東北師范大學(xué) 2014
[3]湖南常德方言復(fù)數(shù)標(biāo)記——“俺”[·（？）an][D]. 劉娟.湖南師范大學(xué) 2010



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