以喬姆斯基為代表的轉(zhuǎn)換生成語法學派所提出的普遍語法理論是20世紀世界語言學界最深刻的一場變革,使語言學研究的重點由對語言的描寫轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)φZ言本質(zhì)的探究。喬姆斯基認為,語言學家的任務是從原始語言素材中找出能夠描寫充分的語法。這種語法不僅能正確解釋原始素材,而且還能夠解釋人的內(nèi)部語言能力,概括出人類語言的普遍特征,進而探索包括普遍語法在內(nèi)的人腦初始結(jié)構(gòu),揭示人的認知系統(tǒng)。喬姆斯基等語言學家認為兒童接觸到的母語的“正面數(shù)據(jù)”及“負面數(shù)據(jù)”都是匱乏的,然而正常情況下的兒童可以習得的母語知識遠遠超出所接觸到得母語輸入。無論是經(jīng)驗主義哲學的感覺經(jīng)驗,還是行為主義的刺激反應都無法給予圓滿的解釋。既然外部的語言輸入因素不能合乎邏輯地解釋兒童的語言習得過程,那就只能從人的內(nèi)部因素尋找合理的解釋,結(jié)果導致語言天生論和普遍語法理論的產(chǎn)生。普遍語法是針對兒童母語習得現(xiàn)象提出來的,母語刺激的貧乏與兒童母語能力的超強之間的矛盾被稱為“語言習得的邏輯問題”。（White,1989）自從普遍語法提出以來,就被眾多學者引入到第二語言習得的研究中。許多學者認為二語習得中同樣存在“語言習得的邏輯問題”,因此,普遍語法應該在二語... 

【文章來源】：曲阜師范大學山東省

【文章頁數(shù)】：54 頁

【學位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
摘要
Abstract
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Purpose of This Study
    1.2 Research Methodology of This Study
    1.3 Organization of the Whole Thesis
Chapter 2 The Origin and Nature of Universal Grammar
    2.1 The Background and Origin of Universal Grammar
        2.1.1 Behaviorism
        2.1.2 Mentalism
        2.1.3 Language Acquisition Device
        2.1.4 Poverty-of-the-stimulus Argument
    2.2 The Nature of Universal Grammar
        2.2.1 Structure-Dependency
        2.2.2 Externalized(E-)Language and Internalized(I-)Language
        2.2.3 Core and Periphery
    2.3 The Principles of Universal Grammar
        2.3.1 X-bar theory
        2.3.2 θ-Theory
        2.3.3 Case theory
        2.3.4 Government
        2.3.5 Control Theory
        2.3.6 Binding Theory
        2.3.7 The Minimalist Program
    2.4 A Summary
Chapter 3 Universal Grammar and First Language Acquisition
    3.1 The Physical Basis for Universal Grammar
    3.2 Some Insufficient ways of Acquiring a First Language
        3.2.1 Imitation
        3.2.2 Explanation
        3.2.3 Correction and Expansion
        3.2.4 Social Interaction
    3.3 States of the Language Faculty
    3.4 Acquisition of Principles and Parameter Setting in First Language Acquisition
        3.4.1 Acquisition of Binding
        3.4.2 The pro-drop Parameter
Chapter 4 Access to Universal Grammar in Second LanguageAcquisition
    4.1 The Logical Problem of Second Language Acquisition
    4.2 The Differences between L1 Acquisition and L2 Learning
    4.3 The Poverty-of-the-stimulus Argument and Second Language Acquisition
        4.3.1 Imitation
        4.3.2 Explanation
        4.3.3 Correction and approval
        4.3.4 Social Interaction
    4.4 Acquisition of Parameter Settings in Second Language Acquisition
    4.5 Three Hypothesis of UG in L2 Acquisition
        4.5.1 Direct Access to UG
        4.5.2 Indirect Access to UG
        4.5.3 No Access to UG
    4.6 Alternative Explanation about Access to UG in SLA
Chapter 5 Conclusion
Appendix 1 Abbreviations Used in This Thesis
Bibliography
Acknowledgements
攻讀碩士期間發(fā)表的論文


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期刊論文
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