【摘要】：復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞作為現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中比較封閉、復(fù)雜的一類(lèi)，有著特殊的句法結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)義功能，一直以來(lái)，是語(yǔ)言學(xué)研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。形式上，復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞兩兩對(duì)稱(chēng)，而功能上，在語(yǔ)言演變規(guī)律的推動(dòng)下，對(duì)稱(chēng)和不對(duì)稱(chēng)共存。本文力圖從描寫(xiě)這些不對(duì)稱(chēng)現(xiàn)象入手，進(jìn)而對(duì)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞句法、語(yǔ)義的種種不對(duì)稱(chēng)現(xiàn)象作出認(rèn)知解釋。本文主要包括緒論、主體、結(jié)語(yǔ)三部分，所作研究如下： 第一部分為緒論，主要對(duì)本文的研究對(duì)象、界定范圍、前人的研究成果以及研究意義進(jìn)行了介紹，并且對(duì)本文研究方法和語(yǔ)料來(lái)源進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。 第二部分為主體，包括一至三章。第一章是對(duì)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞句法形式的分析。“對(duì)稱(chēng)”、“不對(duì)稱(chēng)”是認(rèn)知上的概念，復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞在句法形式上分為分離式與合并式，兩種形式之間以及兩種合并式之間是不對(duì)稱(chēng)的，原因在于認(rèn)知方式的差異，象似性原則是制約不同認(rèn)知方式的主要原因。第二章是對(duì)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)義分析。根據(jù)復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法化進(jìn)程，在前人研究成果基礎(chǔ)上，本文將復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞基本的語(yǔ)義類(lèi)型歸納分類(lèi)為客觀空間位移義、主觀空間位移義、時(shí)體義和結(jié)果義，又結(jié)合具體語(yǔ)料，分別討論了六組復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞在語(yǔ)義功能上的對(duì)稱(chēng)與不對(duì)稱(chēng)現(xiàn)象。此外，，對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)界頗具爭(zhēng)議的“起來(lái)”和“起去”的不對(duì)稱(chēng)進(jìn)行了分析。第三章在具體描寫(xiě)的基礎(chǔ)上，運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)中的理論，分組分析了造成復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)義上不對(duì)稱(chēng)的成因。主要涉及的認(rèn)知語(yǔ)言學(xué)理論有意象圖式理論、隱喻、凸顯理論及主觀化等。我們認(rèn)為復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)義的發(fā)展乃至于不對(duì)稱(chēng)是在復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞抽象化和主觀化中產(chǎn)生的，人們?cè)诳臻g域獲得的位移經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在向抽象的感官思維領(lǐng)域隱喻投射的過(guò)程中，由于人們心理主觀化傾向的不同，使得位移運(yùn)動(dòng)各組成部分呈現(xiàn)出不同的凸顯，而未能凸顯的意義淡化或消失。 最后一部分是結(jié)束語(yǔ)，對(duì)全文進(jìn)行了總結(jié)，并提出了本文研究的不足之處以及今后可以深入研究的方向。 本文立足描寫(xiě)，全面解釋?zhuān)瑢⒄Z(yǔ)言的客觀性與人們思維的主觀性相結(jié)合，探討復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)義和句法特征。
[Abstract]:As a closed and complex category in modern Chinese, compound directional verbs have special syntactic structure and semantic function, which has always been the focus and difficulty of linguistic research. Formally, compound directional verbs are pairwise symmetrical, while functional, driven by the law of language evolution, symmetry and asymmetry coexist. This paper tries to describe these asymmetrical phenomena and then make a cognitive explanation of the syntactic and semantic asymmetries of compound directional verbs. This paper mainly includes three parts: introduction, subject and conclusion. The first part is the introduction, which mainly introduces the research object, definition scope, previous research results and research significance, and explains the research methods and corpus sources of this paper. The second part is the main body, including one to three chapters. The first chapter is the analysis of the syntactic form of compound directional verbs. "Symmetry" and "asymmetry" are cognitive concepts. Compound directional verbs are divided into separate forms and merging forms in syntactic form. The reason lies in the difference of cognitive style, and the principle of iconicity is the main reason that restricts different cognitive styles. The second chapter is the semantic analysis of compound directional verbs. According to the grammaticalization process of compound directional verbs, on the basis of previous research results, this paper classifies the basic semantic types of compound directional verbs into objective spatial displacement meaning, subjective spatial displacement meaning, temporal meaning and result meaning, and discusses the symmetry and asymmetry of semantic function of six groups of compound directional verbs in combination with specific corpus. In addition, the controversial asymmetry of "rise" and "rise" in linguistics is analyzed. On the basis of concrete description, the third chapter analyzes the causes of semantic asymmetry of compound directional verbs by using the theory of cognitive linguistics. It mainly involves cognitive linguistics theory, intentional image schema theory, metaphor, salient theory and subjectivization. We think that the development of compound directional verb semantics and even asymmetry is produced in the abstraction and subjectivity of compound directional verbs. The displacement experience gained by people in the spatial domain, in the process of projecting metaphors to the abstract sensory thinking field, because of the different psychological subjectivization tendency of people, the various components of displacement movement show different prominence, but the meaning that can not be highlighted is desalinated or disappeared. The last part is the conclusion, which summarizes the full text, and puts forward the shortcomings of this paper and the direction of further study in the future. Based on description and comprehensive explanation, this paper discusses the semantic and syntactic features of compound directional verbs by combining the objectivity of language with the subjectivity of people's thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H146

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