從言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻的角度解讀戲劇《日出》中的承諾類言語行為
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-27 11:35
【摘要】：本文從言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻理論角度分析話劇《日出》中的承諾類言語行為，采用理論包括Panther和Thornburg的言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻理論和Hernandez和Mendoza的語用參數(shù)。 認知語言學的興起擴大了言語行為的研究領(lǐng)域，并為相關(guān)的研究提供了新的視角。在Austin和Searle言語行為理論的基礎(chǔ)上，Panther和Thornburg第一次從認知的視角下研究言語行為的轉(zhuǎn)喻系統(tǒng)，并在1997年提出了言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻的主張。他們認為，轉(zhuǎn)喻有助于間接實施言語行為，說話者可以通過提及言語行為的某一屬性來實施該言語行為。在1999年，他們提出了事態(tài)場景理論，進一步完善了言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻理論。他們認為，言語行為是特殊的事態(tài)場景，一個事態(tài)場景包括三部分：事態(tài)前部分，事態(tài)核心和效力部分，事態(tài)后部分。在一個轉(zhuǎn)喻操作中，每一個部分都可以代替整個事態(tài)場景，因此說話者可以通過提及整個事態(tài)場景的某一個部分來實施該言語行為。然而，Panther和Thornburg沒有考慮社會因素的影響，諸如權(quán)力關(guān)系，社會距離等�；谒麄兊睦碚摚琀ernandez和Mendoza在2002年提出了言外ICM，從而能進一步完善了言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻理論。言外ICM不僅包括Panther和Thornburg的事態(tài)場景也包括Hernandez和Mendoza提出的語用參數(shù)。然而只有六個語用參數(shù)用來區(qū)分承諾類言語行為的次類型，比如：損益/增益，權(quán)力，說話人意愿程度，聽話人意愿程度，緩和程度和社會距離程度。 在對《日出》中的承諾類言語行為進行分析之后，得到了以下發(fā)現(xiàn)： 第一，關(guān)于劇本中的人物使用的承諾類言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻結(jié)構(gòu)的特點，劇本中的人物多使用單一結(jié)構(gòu)。事態(tài)場景中的核心段在整個承諾類言語行為中使用最頻繁，其次是事態(tài)場景中的前段。關(guān)于組合結(jié)構(gòu)，事態(tài)前段和核心段的組合結(jié)構(gòu)使用最頻繁。 第二，關(guān)于影響這些特點的原因，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)劇本中各人物由于受性格特征、社會地位、權(quán)力關(guān)系、會話者的會話目的和所處的社會語境的影響，會選擇不同的事態(tài)場景部分。 第三，言語行為轉(zhuǎn)喻結(jié)構(gòu)在不同的承諾類言語行為次分類中有著不同的分布情況和作用。事態(tài)核心段在所有的承諾類言語行為次分類中是使用最頻繁地，它用來表明承諾類言語行為的內(nèi)容。事態(tài)前段大部分用在拒絕類言語行為中，，它不僅用來說明拒絕的原因也用來表明說話者沒有能力執(zhí)行某一行為或某一行為不是說話人所想要的。 本文分析和探索了劇本中人物所使用的言語行為結(jié)構(gòu)的特點，以及言語行為結(jié)構(gòu)在承諾類言語行為次類型中的分布情況和作用。這會擴大從認知角度對承諾類言語行為的研究。對劇本《日出》的研究有助于更好地理解劇本內(nèi)容，并且會為相關(guān)的研究提供新的視角。
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the committed speech acts in the play Sunrise from the perspective of speech act metonymy theory, which includes Panther and Thornburg's speech act metonymy theory and the pragmatic parameters of Hernandez and Mendoza. The rise of cognitive linguistics expands the research field of speech act and provides a new perspective for related research. On the basis of Austin and Searle speech act theory, Panther and Thornburg study the metonymy system of speech act for the first time from the perspective of cognition, and put forward the idea of speech act metonymy in 1997. They believe that metonymy is helpful to the indirect implementation of speech acts, and the speaker can implement the speech act by referring to a certain attribute of the speech act. In 1999, they put forward the theory of situation scene, which further improved the theory of speech act metonymy. In their view, speech act is a special scene of state of affairs, one scene consists of three parts: the front part of the state of affairs, the core and effect part of the state of affairs, and the post part of the state of affairs. In a metonymy operation, each part can replace the whole situation scene, so the speaker can carry out the speech act by referring to a part of the whole situation scene. However, Panther and Thornburg do not consider the influence of social factors, such as power relationship, social distance and so on. Based on their theory, Hernandez and Mendoza put forward the speech act metonymy theory in 2002, which can further improve the speech act metonymy theory. The extra-verbal ICM includes not only the state of affairs of Panther and Thornburg, but also the pragmatic parameters proposed by Hernandez and Mendoza. However, only six pragmatic parameters are used to distinguish the subtypes of commitment speech acts, such as profit and loss, power, speaker's willingness, hearer's willingness, moderation and social distance. After analyzing the commitment speech act in Sunrise, the following findings are obtained: first, with regard to the characteristics of the metonymy structure of the commitment speech act used by the characters in the script, most of the characters in the script use a single structure. The core paragraphs in the situation scenario are most frequently used in the whole commitment speech act, followed by the previous paragraph in the state of affairs scenario. With regard to the composite structure, the combination structure of the front and core segments of the state of affairs is the most frequently used. Secondly, with regard to the reasons that affect these characteristics, it is found that due to the influence of personality characteristics, social status, power relationship, the conversation purpose of the speaker and the social context in which the speaker lives, each character in the script will choose different scene parts of the state of affairs. Thirdly, the metonymy structure of speech act has different distribution and function in different subclassification of commitment speech act. The core paragraph of the state of affairs is the most frequently used in all subcategories of commitment speech acts, which is used to indicate the content of commitment speech acts. Most of the previous paragraphs are used in refusal speech acts, which are used not only to explain the reasons for rejection, but also to show that the speaker is unable to perform an act or that a certain behavior is not what the speaker wants. This paper analyzes and explores the characteristics of the speech act structure used by the characters in the script, as well as the distribution and function of the speech act structure in the subtypes of commitment speech act. This will expand the study of commitment speech acts from a cognitive point of view. The study of Sunrise will help to better understand the content of the script, and will provide a new perspective for the related research.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136
本文編號：2506752
[Abstract]:This paper analyzes the committed speech acts in the play Sunrise from the perspective of speech act metonymy theory, which includes Panther and Thornburg's speech act metonymy theory and the pragmatic parameters of Hernandez and Mendoza. The rise of cognitive linguistics expands the research field of speech act and provides a new perspective for related research. On the basis of Austin and Searle speech act theory, Panther and Thornburg study the metonymy system of speech act for the first time from the perspective of cognition, and put forward the idea of speech act metonymy in 1997. They believe that metonymy is helpful to the indirect implementation of speech acts, and the speaker can implement the speech act by referring to a certain attribute of the speech act. In 1999, they put forward the theory of situation scene, which further improved the theory of speech act metonymy. In their view, speech act is a special scene of state of affairs, one scene consists of three parts: the front part of the state of affairs, the core and effect part of the state of affairs, and the post part of the state of affairs. In a metonymy operation, each part can replace the whole situation scene, so the speaker can carry out the speech act by referring to a part of the whole situation scene. However, Panther and Thornburg do not consider the influence of social factors, such as power relationship, social distance and so on. Based on their theory, Hernandez and Mendoza put forward the speech act metonymy theory in 2002, which can further improve the speech act metonymy theory. The extra-verbal ICM includes not only the state of affairs of Panther and Thornburg, but also the pragmatic parameters proposed by Hernandez and Mendoza. However, only six pragmatic parameters are used to distinguish the subtypes of commitment speech acts, such as profit and loss, power, speaker's willingness, hearer's willingness, moderation and social distance. After analyzing the commitment speech act in Sunrise, the following findings are obtained: first, with regard to the characteristics of the metonymy structure of the commitment speech act used by the characters in the script, most of the characters in the script use a single structure. The core paragraphs in the situation scenario are most frequently used in the whole commitment speech act, followed by the previous paragraph in the state of affairs scenario. With regard to the composite structure, the combination structure of the front and core segments of the state of affairs is the most frequently used. Secondly, with regard to the reasons that affect these characteristics, it is found that due to the influence of personality characteristics, social status, power relationship, the conversation purpose of the speaker and the social context in which the speaker lives, each character in the script will choose different scene parts of the state of affairs. Thirdly, the metonymy structure of speech act has different distribution and function in different subclassification of commitment speech act. The core paragraph of the state of affairs is the most frequently used in all subcategories of commitment speech acts, which is used to indicate the content of commitment speech acts. Most of the previous paragraphs are used in refusal speech acts, which are used not only to explain the reasons for rejection, but also to show that the speaker is unable to perform an act or that a certain behavior is not what the speaker wants. This paper analyzes and explores the characteristics of the speech act structure used by the characters in the script, as well as the distribution and function of the speech act structure in the subtypes of commitment speech act. This will expand the study of commitment speech acts from a cognitive point of view. The study of Sunrise will help to better understand the content of the script, and will provide a new perspective for the related research.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136
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