發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-04 14:54

【摘要】：“每”是現(xiàn)代漢語中的常用詞,“每”經(jīng)常加上數(shù)量詞組來表示全體,副詞“都”是現(xiàn)代漢語中使用頻率比較高的一個(gè)詞,在表示范圍的意義上,“都”是一個(gè)表示總括的全稱量化詞,通常對名詞性成分進(jìn)行全稱量化�！懊俊肌苯Y(jié)構(gòu)也是我們?nèi)粘Ｒ约皩ν鉂h語教學(xué)中經(jīng)�？吹降木涫�,這個(gè)句式中“每”和“都”都有表達(dá)全稱量的意思,但是我們發(fā)現(xiàn)“都”并不是在所有的這樣句式中都可以出現(xiàn)的。因此,本文針對這個(gè)問題分析“都”在“每……都”句式中什么時(shí)候不可出現(xiàn)、什么時(shí)候可不出現(xiàn)、什么時(shí)候必須出現(xiàn)。 本文基于國家語委語料庫以及北京大學(xué)現(xiàn)代漢語語料庫,首先論述三種情況出現(xiàn)的條件,然后從“每”在句子中的量化需求、“都”的語義指向以及謂語動(dòng)詞的語義影響等方面來分析原因,總結(jié)“都”在“每……都”句式中的隱現(xiàn)規(guī)律。 本文分為五個(gè)小節(jié)： 第一節(jié)：緒論。主要介紹文章的研究內(nèi)容、研究意義、研究現(xiàn)狀和研究方法。 第二節(jié)：對“都”不可出現(xiàn)的情況進(jìn)行總結(jié),并分析原因。通過對眾多語料的考察�？偨Y(jié)出“每+數(shù)詞+量詞+名詞”中的數(shù)詞不為“一”的時(shí)候,以及數(shù)量短語直接充當(dāng)謂語的時(shí)候,“都”在句中不能出現(xiàn)；并通過“每+數(shù)詞+量詞+名詞”的不確定性以及“都”和數(shù)量詞組的語法性質(zhì)分析了其中的原因。 第三節(jié)：對“都”可不出現(xiàn)的情況進(jìn)行總結(jié),并分析原因�？偨Y(jié)出“都”可不出現(xiàn)的情況包括：謂語后出現(xiàn)數(shù)量詞組、“每”字結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語、句中出現(xiàn)其他副詞、句中出現(xiàn)停頓以及“不同”類集合性謂詞的出現(xiàn)；其中“都”可不出現(xiàn)一方面是為了滿足“每”對句子量化的需求,另一方面也受到其他成分的阻隔以及謂詞語義的影響。 第四節(jié)：指出“都”必須出現(xiàn)的情況,歸納出“都”的出現(xiàn)與否關(guān)鍵還是看句中有沒有可滿足“每”對句子量化所需的變量成分。 第五節(jié)：結(jié)語。對全文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)歸納,得出結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:"every" is a common word in modern Chinese. "every" often adds quantitative phrases to denote the whole. The adverb "du" is a word that is more frequently used in modern Chinese, in the sense of scope. Du is an omnibus full name quantifier, which usually carries on the full name quantification to the nominal element. "every. The structure of du "is also a sentence pattern that we often see in our daily and teaching Chinese as a foreign language. In this sentence pattern," every "and" all "have the meaning of expressing full weight. But we find that all can not appear in all such sentence patterns. Therefore, in view of this problem, this paper analyzes the "all" in each. When can not appear in the sentence pattern, when can not appear, when must appear. Based on the Corpus of the National language Commission and the Modern Chinese Corpus of Peking University, this paper first discusses the conditions for the emergence of the three situations, and then discusses the quantitative requirements of "each" in the sentence. The semantic direction of du and the semantic influence of predicate verbs are analyzed, and the reasons are summarized. The hidden law in the sentence pattern of du ". This paper is divided into five sections: the first section: introduction. This paper mainly introduces the research content, research significance, research status and research methods. Section II: summarize the situation that "capital" can not appear, and analyze the reasons. Through the investigation of many corpus. It is concluded that when the numerals in each numerator noun are not "one", and when the quantitative phrase acts as a predicate directly, "du" cannot appear in the sentence. The causes are analyzed through the uncertainty of "every quantifier noun" and the grammatical nature of "du" and quantitative phrase. Section 3: summarize the situation that "du" can not appear, and analyze the reasons. It is concluded that the non-occurrence of "du" includes: quantitative phrases appear after predicates, "each" word structure is used as adverbial, other adverbs appear in sentences, pauses occur in sentences and the emergence of "different" collective predicates; On the one hand, "du" does not appear to meet the needs of sentence quantification, on the other hand, it is also affected by the separation of other components and the semantics of predicates. Section 4: points out the situation that "du" must appear, and sums up whether the key to the emergence of "du" is to see if there are any variables in the sentence that can meet the needs of "each" to quantify the sentence. Section V: conclusion. Summarize the content of the full text, and draw a conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2492798