【摘要】：在語用學(xué)言語行為理論、禮貌原則和面子理論的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合社會語言學(xué)本文以禁止和允許行為作為研究對象,進行跨文化、跨性別的研究。言語行為理論、禮貌原則和面子理論是語用學(xué)的重要理論基礎(chǔ)。禁止與允許是請求行動的兩種結(jié)果。禁止導(dǎo)致請求被拒絕；允許表明請求可被接受。在日常生活中,請求行動是基本的行為活動之一。針對請求的語用學(xué)研究也日漸增多,特別是從性別對比、文化對比角度進行請求行為的研究不斷增加。本文通過對不同性別、中英兩種文化進行對比研究,探討中英文化間男女性別在使用禁止和允許行為時所產(chǎn)生的差異。 本文通過調(diào)查問卷的形式來進行數(shù)據(jù)收集。根據(jù)語篇補全測試(DCT),本次調(diào)查問卷共設(shè)計了7個場景。針對120名中外師生進行了調(diào)查,被調(diào)查者中,男女比例相同,中外師生比例相同。根據(jù)本文的研究,較于男性被調(diào)查者,女性被調(diào)查者更加禮貌,并多采用間接請求策略來禁止或允許某項行為。這源于男女在社會上的不同地位,受到不同文化因素影響的原因。較于外國師生,中國師生更傾向于采用間接請求策略來禁止或允許某項行為。 從文化的角度出發(fā),造成這種差異性的原因在于：中國社會傳統(tǒng)文化是以群,集體的觀念壓抑個體意識,注重群體合作和個人謙虛,更加強調(diào)社會距離與社會層級的不同；而西方則更加強調(diào)平等和自由。中國社會強調(diào)團隊意識,這與西方社會重視個體作用有所不同。在思維方式上,中國文化強調(diào)委婉的圓式思維方式；而西方文化則強調(diào)直接的線性思維方式。此外,在性別差異上,由于男、女在生理需求、社會需求和心傾向上較為不同,女性對社會地位、社會距離變化的感知較男性更加敏感。因此,在采用允許和禁止策略時,女性較男性更加委婉。 本文希望通過研究,能夠有助于對禁止和允許行為進行更加深入和徹底地研究。
[Abstract]:On the basis of pragmatic speech act theory, politeness principle and face theory, combined with sociolinguistics, this paper takes prohibited and permissible behavior as the research object, and makes a cross-cultural and transgender study. Speech act theory, politeness principle and face theory are the important theoretical basis of pragmatics. Prohibition and permission are the two results of requesting action. Prohibition causes the request to be rejected; permission to indicate that the request is acceptable. In daily life, asking for action is one of the basic behavioral activities. There are more and more pragmatic studies on requests, especially from the perspective of gender contrast and cultural contrast. Based on a comparative study of different genders and Chinese and English cultures, this paper discusses the differences between Chinese and British cultures in the use of prohibited and permissible behaviors. In this paper, data collection is carried out in the form of questionnaire. According to the text completion test (DCT), questionnaire, a total of seven scenes were designed. 120 Chinese and foreign teachers and students were investigated. Among the respondents, the ratio of male to female was the same, and the ratio of Chinese and foreign teachers and students was the same. According to this study, compared with male respondents, female respondents are more polite and use indirect request strategy to prohibit or allow a certain behavior. This stems from the different status of men and women in society and the influence of different cultural factors. Compared with foreign teachers and students, Chinese teachers and students prefer to use indirect request strategy to prohibit or allow a certain behavior. From the cultural point of view, the reasons for this difference lie in: the traditional culture of Chinese society oppresses individual consciousness with the concept of group and collective, pays attention to group cooperation and individual modesty, and emphasizes the difference between social distance and social level; The West, on the other hand, places greater emphasis on equality and freedom. Chinese society emphasizes team consciousness, which is different from the emphasis on individual role in western society. In terms of mode of thinking, Chinese culture emphasizes euphemistic round mode of thinking, while western culture emphasizes direct linear mode of thinking. In addition, in terms of gender differences, because men and women are different in physical needs, social needs and psychological tendencies, women are more sensitive to changes in social status and social distance than men. As a result, women are more euphemistic than men in adopting permissible and prohibited strategies. This paper hopes that through the study, it can contribute to a more in-depth and thorough study of prohibited and permissible behavior.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H313;H136

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本文編號：2488380