【摘要】：幽默，作為人類較集中的一個多功能因素，多年來引起了廣泛的關注，各界學者從不同的角度展開了對幽默的各種研究。由于語言向來被看作是幽默的載體，近年來，在語言學界，特別是語用學領域，越來越多的關于幽默的研究猶如雨后春筍般涌現(xiàn)，它們大都是將合作原則和關聯(lián)理論應用到了研究幽默的產生和理解上。從合作原則來探究幽默的研究指出，幽默一般都是通過違反合作原則的四個次準則產生的，而關聯(lián)理論則認為幽默的理解是一種尋求關聯(lián)的過程。說話人的意圖是格賴斯的意義理論中一個關鍵性的概念，它認為，話語的含義是由說話人的意圖來決定的。而言語幽默既然是伴隨著話語產生的，那么，說話人的意圖一定和幽默的生成有著一定的聯(lián)系。因此，本文即是試圖揭示言語幽默和說話人的意圖之間的關系，說明說話人的意圖在言語幽默的產生過程中起到什么樣的作用。另外，，本文還有意說明為什么有些情況下，說話人意在傳達的幽默無法成功被聽話人識別。 為了解決以上問題，我首先收集了一些小笑話并對其中的幽默的產生做了分析。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)，說話人說的話語本身并不好笑，而是對話中產生的一些分歧導致了幽默的產生。經過深入對比研究，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了四種導致幽默產生的分歧情況，它們分別是說話人的意圖和聽話人的理解之間的差異，說話人的意圖和語境間的沖突，說話人的信息意圖和交流意圖之間的分歧，以及說話人對現(xiàn)實的概念和現(xiàn)實本身間的差異。另一方面，我收集了一些小笑話和美國情景劇中的場景對話，通過它們中幽默產生的方式，我嘗試探究了其幽默理解失敗的原因。一般來說，語言能力或背景知識的不足，或者是語境的不合適，是導致聽話人無法明白說話人意欲表達的幽默的主要原因。
[Abstract]:Humor, as a multifunctional factor in human concentration, has attracted extensive attention over the years. Scholars from all walks of life have carried out various studies on humor from different angles. Because language has always been regarded as the carrier of humor, in recent years, in the field of linguistics, especially in the field of pragmatics, more and more studies on humor have sprung up like bamboo shoots after a spring rain. Most of them apply the principle of cooperation and relevance theory to the production and understanding of humor. The study of humor from the perspective of cooperative principle points out that humor is generally produced by violating the four sub-criteria of cooperative principle, while relevance theory holds that the understanding of humor is a process of seeking relevance. The intention of the speaker is a key concept in Grice's meaning theory, which holds that the meaning of discourse is determined by the intention of the speaker. Since verbal humor is accompanied by discourse, then the intention of the speaker must be related to the generation of humor. Therefore, this paper attempts to reveal the relationship between verbal humor and the speaker's intention, and to explain what role the speaker's intention plays in the process of verbal humor. In addition, this paper also intends to explain why in some cases, the humor conveyed by the speaker can not be successfully recognized by the hearer. In order to solve the above problems, I first collected some small jokes and analyzed the emergence of humor. It is found that the speech itself is not funny, but some differences in the dialogue lead to humor. After in-depth comparative study, I have found four kinds of differences that lead to humor, which are the differences between the speaker's intention and the hearer's understanding, and the conflict between the speaker's intention and the context. The differences between the speaker's information intention and the communication intention, as well as the difference between the speaker's concept of reality and the reality itself. On the other hand, I collected some small jokes and conversations in American situational scenes, and through the way humor was produced in them, I tried to explore the reasons for the failure of humor understanding. Generally speaking, the lack of language ability or background knowledge, or the inappropriateness of context, is the main reason why the hearer can not understand the humor that the speaker wants to express.
【學位授予單位】：廣東外語外貿大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H030

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 劉乃實,熊學亮;淺析言語幽默的維護面子功能[J];外語教學;2003年06期

本文編號：2479663