【摘要】：矛盾修辭法因其修辭效果突出而在語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用中俯拾即是。本文首先論述了矛盾修辭法的認(rèn)知屬性，對(duì)支撐矛盾修辭法存在的哲學(xué)理?yè)?jù)進(jìn)行了深入探究，因?yàn)橛辛死頁(yè)?jù)矛盾修辭法才有存在的理由。通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)矛盾修辭法植根于體驗(yàn)哲學(xué)。由于人具有體驗(yàn)性，首先會(huì)對(duì)自身存在的各類矛盾進(jìn)行不斷的認(rèn)知和體驗(yàn)，進(jìn)而擴(kuò)展到外部世界，，推廣到語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用上，為矛盾修辭法這樣一種將矛盾語(yǔ)義并置，以產(chǎn)生矛盾、化解矛盾的方式達(dá)到修辭效果的修辭格的出現(xiàn)奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。 對(duì)矛盾修辭法的哲學(xué)理?yè)?jù)探微之后，文章以全新的視角挖掘了矛盾修辭法的生成過(guò)程。由于矛盾修辭法獨(dú)特而復(fù)雜的構(gòu)成形式，一般對(duì)其生成過(guò)程的認(rèn)知比較困難。本文在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一個(gè)全新的認(rèn)知矛盾修辭法的視角，那就是借助經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的博弈論對(duì)這矛盾修辭法進(jìn)行闡釋和認(rèn)知。運(yùn)用博弈論模型大大簡(jiǎn)化了對(duì)矛盾修辭法生成過(guò)程的認(rèn)知，其生成過(guò)程可擬構(gòu)為三個(gè)步驟：1）局中人平衡對(duì)立：矛盾修辭法中的矛盾語(yǔ)義作為博弈的局中人保持初始狀態(tài)的平衡對(duì)立；2）策略打破平衡：矛盾語(yǔ)義不能共存，必須進(jìn)行博弈。語(yǔ)境是作為局中人的矛盾語(yǔ)義各自采用的策略，策略會(huì)有高下之分，所以語(yǔ)境會(huì)偏向一方，這樣平衡就被打破了；3）形成效用最佳的固定支付函數(shù)：平衡被打破之后，矛盾語(yǔ)義分出了主次，它們各司其職，共同合作，產(chǎn)生了效果最佳的固定支付函數(shù)，這便是矛盾修辭法。博弈論中的局中人與矛盾修辭法中的矛盾語(yǔ)義有著極高的相似度，所以采用博弈論為研究矛盾修辭法的生成過(guò)程提供了新的突破點(diǎn)。 最后，本文總結(jié)歸納了矛盾修辭法的四類認(rèn)知功能：語(yǔ)言警奇性、語(yǔ)義易解性、情感深邃性及哲理豐沛性。矛盾語(yǔ)義通過(guò)博弈達(dá)成協(xié)議，舍棄自我一部分利益維護(hù)整體的利益，從而達(dá)到矛盾修辭法整體效用的最佳化，這四類認(rèn)知功能便是矛盾語(yǔ)義博弈后形成的效用最佳的支付函數(shù)的具體表現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Paradoxical rhetoric, because of its prominent rhetorical effect, is overlooking in the use of language. This paper first discusses the cognitive attributes of the contradictory rhetoric method, and probes into the philosophical justifications that support the existence of the contradictory rhetoric method, because there is a reason for the existence of the contradictory rhetoric method. Through the research, it is found that the contradictory rhetoric method is rooted in the experiential philosophy. Because of the experiential nature of human beings, first of all, they will continue to recognize and experience all kinds of contradictions that exist in themselves, and then expand to the outside world and extend to the use of language, so as to combine the semantic meaning of contradictions for the use of contradictory rhetoric, so as to produce contradictions. The emergence of rhetorical figures of speech through resolving contradictions has laid a solid foundation for the emergence of rhetorical figures of speech. After probing into the philosophical justifications of the rhetoric of contradiction, the paper excavates the process of the formation of the rhetoric of contradiction from a new angle of view. Because of the unique and complex forms of rhetoric, it is difficult to know the process of its formation. On the basis of previous studies, this paper puts forward a brand-new perspective of cognitive contradiction rhetoric, which is to interpret and recognize the contradiction rhetoric with the help of game theory in the field of economics. Using the game theory model, it greatly simplifies the cognition of the formation process of the contradictory rhetoric method. The process of its formation can be modeled as three steps: 1) the antinomy of human balance in the game: the antinomy in the rhetoric of contradiction as the equilibrium of the initial state of the player in the game; 2) the strategy breaks the balance: the contradictory semantics cannot coexist, must carry on the game. Context is the strategy adopted separately as the contradictory semantics of people in the bureau, so the context will be biased towards one side, so the balance will be broken; 3) form the fixed payment function with the best utility: after the balance is broken, the antinomy semantics is divided into primary and secondary, they each perform their duty, cooperate together, and produce the fixed payment function with the best effect, which is the contradiction rhetoric method. There is a high similarity between the contradiction semantics in the game theory and the contradiction rhetoric method in the game theory, so the game theory provides a new breakthrough for the study of the formation process of the contradiction rhetoric method. Finally, this paper summarizes four types of cognitive functions of contradictory rhetoric: linguistic alertness, semantic comprehensiveness, emotional depth and philosophical abundance. The antinomy reaches the agreement through the game, abandons the self part benefit to safeguard the whole benefit, thus achieves the contradiction rhetoric law overall utility optimizes. These four kinds of cognitive functions are the concrete manifestation of the utility optimal payment function formed after the contradictory semantic game.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H05

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