【摘要】：聲音無處不在，可是常常被人們忽視，，如果能夠認(rèn)真感受，會發(fā)現(xiàn)它的奇妙之處，人類所發(fā)出的聲音在一定推論下都是有意義的，其他很多事物發(fā)出的聲音在我們仔細(xì)推敲下也是同樣有關(guān)聯(lián)的意義，所以聲音和意義的關(guān)聯(lián)非常值得我們思考。關(guān)于聲音和意義的關(guān)聯(lián)這方面的爭論從古至今延續(xù)了幾千年，出現(xiàn)了兩種完全不同的觀點：任意說和理據(jù)說。以索緒爾為代表的支持前者，認(rèn)為語音和意義之間是任意的關(guān)系；而Jespersen則支持后者，認(rèn)為在某種程度上，語音和意義存在很大的關(guān)聯(lián)，語言就是反射人的思維方式，這兩種觀點激勵著學(xué)者們不斷地探索。隨著時間的推移，越來越多的研究表示語音在某種程度上是意義的表現(xiàn)，例如語音聯(lián)覺和擬聲詞現(xiàn)象。那么這樣的現(xiàn)象在西南少數(shù)民族語言中是否存在呢？ 帶著這樣的問題，本文通過研究語音象征現(xiàn)象來詮釋聲音和意義的關(guān)聯(lián)，這種現(xiàn)象包括聯(lián)覺語音象征現(xiàn)象和直接的語音象征現(xiàn)象，也就是本文研究的聯(lián)覺語音象征和擬聲詞現(xiàn)象。在西南少數(shù)民族語言條件下研究這兩種現(xiàn)象，本研究設(shè)計了兩個實驗，實驗一包括三個小實驗是研究西南少數(shù)民族語言中是否存在語音聯(lián)覺有關(guān)大小、快慢、軟硬的現(xiàn)象，實驗二是研究西南少數(shù)民族語言中關(guān)于“虎”和“貓”的名稱發(fā)音與擬聲詞之間的關(guān)聯(lián)。在對西南少數(shù)民族語言的語音聯(lián)覺研究過程中，不僅通過實驗來進(jìn)行分析，還通過物理、人文角度進(jìn)行分析，多方面肯定了西南少數(shù)民族語言在某些條件下存在語音象征現(xiàn)象。 本文并不是要完全反對語言任意性，而是想證明西南少數(shù)民族語言的某些詞語符合聯(lián)覺現(xiàn)象。由于語言理據(jù)性的觀點長期以來還是缺乏理論做支撐，語言任意性占主導(dǎo)地位，因此想通過研究來從某個角度肯定語言理據(jù)性的存在，也為以后關(guān)于語言理據(jù)性的深入研究提供了依據(jù)。另外，通過本文的研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)人類語言的同源性現(xiàn)象，把握少數(shù)民族語言、心理、文化以及它和漢語的聯(lián)系，為少數(shù)民族語言的探索和學(xué)習(xí)提供一些科學(xué)依據(jù)。 本研究得出以下結(jié)論： 1.西南少數(shù)民族語言存在關(guān)于大小、快慢、硬軟的語音聯(lián)覺現(xiàn)象。 2.對西南少數(shù)民族語言的語音聯(lián)覺現(xiàn)象研究中肯定了語言理據(jù)性的存在。 3.西南少數(shù)民族語言中關(guān)于“虎”和“貓”名稱的語音存在著擬聲現(xiàn)象，并且在研究中肯定了語言同源性的存在。 4.由語音象征引起的音義聯(lián)想有利于少數(shù)民族學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)漢語或外語。
[Abstract]:Sound is everywhere, but it is often ignored by people. If we can feel it seriously, we will find its wonder, and the sound made by human beings is meaningful under certain inference. The sound of many other things is equally relevant to our careful scrutiny, so the correlation between sound and meaning is well worth thinking about. The debate over the connection between voice and meaning has been going on for thousands of years, with two completely different views: arbitrary and rational. Saussure as the representative of the support of the former, the voice and the meaning of the relationship is arbitrary; Jespersen, on the other hand, supports the latter, thinking that to some extent, there is a great correlation between pronunciation and meaning, and that language is the reflection of people's thinking mode. These two viewpoints encourage scholars to explore constantly. With the passage of time, more and more studies show that phonology is the expression of meaning to some extent, such as phonological synaesthesia and onomatopoeia. So does this phenomenon exist in the languages of ethnic minorities in southwest China? With this problem, this paper interprets the relationship between voice and meaning by studying the phenomenon of phonological symbolism, which includes synaesthesia and direct phonological symbolism. That is the synaesthesia phonetics symbol and onomatopoeia phenomenon studied in this paper. Two experiments have been designed to study these two phenomena under the condition of ethnic minority languages in southwest China. The first experiment includes three small experiments to study whether there is a phenomenon of the size, speed and hardness of phonological synaesthesia in the languages of ethnic minorities in southwest China. The second experiment is to study the relationship between the name pronunciation of tiger and cat and the onomatopoeia in the minority languages of southwest China. In the process of phonetics synaesthesia research on minority languages in southwest China, not only through experiments, but also through physical and humanistic perspectives, the phenomenon of phonological symbolism exists in some conditions of minority languages in southwest China is affirmed in many aspects. The purpose of this paper is not to oppose language arbitrariness completely, but to prove that some words in southwest minority languages conform to synaesthesia. Because the viewpoint of linguistic motivation is still short of theoretical support for a long time, the arbitrariness of language is dominant, so we want to confirm the existence of linguistic motivation from a certain angle through the research. It also provides a basis for the in-depth study of linguistic motivation in the future. In addition, through the study of this paper, we also find that the identity of human language, grasp the minority language, psychology, culture and its relationship with Chinese, to provide some scientific basis for the exploration and learning of minority languages. This study draws the following conclusions: 1. Southwest minority languages have about size, speed, hard and soft phonetics synaesthesia phenomenon. 2. This paper affirms the existence of linguistic motivation in the study of phonological synaesthesia in minority languages in southwest China. 3. The phonetics of the names "tiger" and "cat" exist in the minority languages of southwest China, and the existence of language homology has been confirmed in the research of the phonetics of "tiger" and "cat". 4. Phonological association caused by phonological symbols is beneficial for minority students to learn Chinese or foreign languages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：魯東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H2

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