【摘要】：輕聲是漢語語音的重要現(xiàn)象之一,也是一個(gè)重要的功能結(jié)構(gòu)單位,一種不可或缺的指稱區(qū)別手段。自20世紀(jì)20年代趙元任先生在《國語羅馬字研究》(1922)中第一次提出“輕聲”的概念首開輕聲研究先河以來,輕聲越來越被學(xué)術(shù)界所重視,成為漢語語音研究的一個(gè)聚焦領(lǐng)域。本文通過對(duì)現(xiàn)代漢語中的輕聲進(jìn)行分類,然后從音系學(xué)的角度對(duì)現(xiàn)代漢語中存在的輕聲現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析。希望本文能對(duì)漢語語言研究的發(fā)展,以及語言規(guī)范與教學(xué)等方面都有所幫助。 首先,作者主要介紹了本文選題的研究意義和目前國內(nèi)外的對(duì)輕聲這一語言現(xiàn)象的研究現(xiàn)狀。通過對(duì)輕聲研究現(xiàn)狀的研究和比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前國內(nèi)外對(duì)于輕聲的研究,大多數(shù)集中在對(duì)輕聲語音方面的研究上,因此還存在可以突破的方面,本文選取了音系學(xué)的角度,試圖對(duì)現(xiàn)代漢語輕聲詞的深層語言結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的分析和解釋。 其次是對(duì)聲調(diào)音系學(xué)的一些基本理論作出了陳述。首先講述了自主音段音系學(xué)在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化漢語聲調(diào)中的應(yīng)用。自主音段音系學(xué)是John Goldsmith1976年在他的博士畢業(yè)論文中首次提出的,他指出音系表征不僅僅是由一層音位組成。不同層次的音位特征由直線相連。并將此超音段音位理論應(yīng)用到聲調(diào)音系學(xué)的分析當(dāng)中。其次羅列了不同學(xué)者對(duì)聲調(diào)的描述,并結(jié)合聲調(diào)的語音關(guān)聯(lián),提出了聲調(diào)的兩個(gè)基本特征：pitch和register,就此提出了聲調(diào)的區(qū)別性特征以及聲調(diào)是如何被音節(jié)承載的(Tone Bearing Unit)。 通過結(jié)合上述的音系學(xué)理論理論,作者開始對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)漢語中的輕聲進(jìn)行分析。將漢語中存在的輕聲分為六大類來進(jìn)行分析：偽復(fù)合詞中的輕聲、區(qū)別意義詞中的輕聲、疊詞中的輕聲、詞后綴的輕聲、單純?cè)~中的輕聲以及一些雙音節(jié)詞中的輕聲。對(duì)每一類中的輕聲現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)分析,提出假設(shè),并最終得出結(jié)論。 最后,總結(jié)了主要研究成果和存在的問題,并對(duì)以后的深入研究提出了建議。
[Abstract]:Light sound is one of the important phenomena of Chinese phonetics as well as an important unit of functional structure and an indispensable means of referential distinction. Since Zhao Yuanren first put forward the concept of "light sound" in the study of Roman characters in Mandarin (1922) in the 1920s, it has been paid more and more attention by the academic circles. It has become a focus field in the research of Chinese phonetics. This paper classifies the light sounds in modern Chinese, and then analyzes the phenomenon of light sounds in modern Chinese from the perspective of phonology. It is hoped that this paper will be helpful to the development of Chinese language research, as well as language norms and teaching. First of all, the author mainly introduces the research significance of this topic and the current research status of the language phenomenon of light sound at home and abroad. Through the research and comparison of the present situation of the light sound research, it is found that most of the domestic and foreign researches on the light sound are focused on the research of the light sound phonetics, so there are still some breakthrough aspects. This paper chooses the phonology angle. This paper attempts to make a further analysis and explanation of the deep language structure of modern Chinese soft-spoken words. Secondly, some basic theories of phonology are stated. This paper first describes the application of autonomous phonology in standardized Chinese tone. Autonomous phonology was first proposed by John Goldsmith1976 in his Ph. D. thesis in 2000. He pointed out that phonological representation is not only composed of a single phoneme. The phonological features of different levels are connected by straight lines. The ultrasonic phonetics theory is applied to the analysis of phonology. Secondly, this paper lists the description of tone by different scholars, and combining with the phonological correlation of tone, puts forward two basic features of tone: pitch and register, propose the distinctive feature of tone and how the tone is carried by syllable (Tone Bearing Unit). In combination with the above-mentioned phonological theory, the author begins to analyze the light sound in standard Chinese. The present light sounds in Chinese are divided into six categories: the light sounds in pseudo-compound words, the light sounds in meaning words, the light sounds in overlapping words, the soft sounds in suffixes, the light sounds in simple words, and the light sounds in some disyllabic words, which can be divided into six categories: one in pseudo-compound words, one in meaning words, one in overlapping words, one in suffixes, one in simple words. In this paper, the light sound phenomena in each class are analyzed in detail, hypotheses are put forward, and finally a conclusion is drawn. Finally, the main research results and existing problems are summarized, and suggestions for future in-depth research are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H116.4

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