“誰A誰B”構式研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-21 18:31
【摘要】：緊縮是現(xiàn)代漢語中普遍存在的語言現(xiàn)象,為了表義的清晰和語言的經(jīng)濟,越來越多的復句出現(xiàn)了緊縮現(xiàn)象,其中條件句的緊縮現(xiàn)象最為普遍。“誰A誰B”緊縮構式是一個常見的條件緊縮構式,一般用于說話者給出假定的預設和情景,使說話者在具備激活情景條件或處于激活條件的狀態(tài)下享有某種權利或承擔某種后果,從而達到鼓勵或警示的作用。 本文也將以構式語法為理論基礎,并結合認知語法,對緊縮構式“誰A誰B”進行較為全面的研究。“誰A誰B”構式是表倚變關系的充分條件構式,表達一個未然事件。當某個范圍內(nèi)的人發(fā)出某個動作或處于某個狀態(tài)時,這個人將處于另一個動作或狀態(tài)。因此該構式的條件義對于變量A、B的選擇導致只有表示動作性狀發(fā)生變化的謂詞或謂詞性結構才能進入該構式。同時,根據(jù)構式理論,“誰A誰B”構式是一個抽象圖式構式,表達抽象條件事件,允準表倚變的疑問代詞“誰”,A和B由其他構式允準。其次,鑒于構式是基于運用的語言單位,我們認為構式是在語用過程中形成的,其語用動因是經(jīng)濟性,語用預設是說話人通過條件假設情景表達自己的態(tài)度,語用焦點在于“誰A”表達的條件義,篇章功能在于對上下文的銜接和對語體的選擇。再次,該構式的形成離不開認知分析,“誰A誰B”構式的認知動因是對于條件的凸顯以及人類的完形心理,并概括了該構式所隱含的三種認知圖式：填補缺失、倚變增量和砍除冗余；認為“誰A誰B”構式的形成離不開歷時的發(fā)展,疑問代詞“誰”的虛化和復句的緊縮過程都是該構式的形成原因,認為疑問代詞“誰”的復用所組構的條件構式形成過程可以歸納為該類緊縮的一個范式。
[Abstract]:Austerity is a common language phenomenon in modern Chinese. For the sake of clarity of meaning and economy of language, more and more complex sentences appear austerity phenomenon, among which the contraction of conditional sentences is the most common. The "who A who B" compact structure is a common conditional contraction construct that is generally used by speakers to give presuppositions and scenarios. In order to encourage or warn the speaker, the speaker can enjoy certain rights or bear certain consequences under the condition of activating the situation or being in the condition of activation. On the basis of Constructional Grammar and Cognitive Grammar, this paper makes a comprehensive study of "who is A and B" of Contractive Construction. The "who A, who B" structure is a sufficient conditional construct of the relation between the biases and changes, and expresses an unsolved event. When a person in a range issues an action or is in a state, that person is in another action or state. Therefore, the conditional meaning of the construct for the variable A, B leads to only the predicate or predicate structure which represents the change of the action character can enter the construct. At the same time, according to the construction theory, the construction of "who A who B" is an abstract schema structure, expressing abstract conditional events, the question pronoun "who" which is allowed to change, A and B are allowed by other constructions. Secondly, since the construction is based on the use of the linguistic unit, we believe that the construction is formed in the pragmatic process, its pragmatic motivation is economic, pragmatic presupposition is the speaker through conditional assumptions to express their attitude; The pragmatic focus is on the conditional meaning of "who A", and the textual function lies in the cohesion of the context and the choice of the style. Thirdly, the formation of the construct is inseparable from cognitive analysis. The cognitive motivation of the "who A who B" construct is to highlight the conditions and the complete psychology of the human being, and generalize the three cognitive schemata implied by the construct: filling the missing. Dependent increment and elimination of redundancy; The author thinks that the formation of "who A who B" is inseparable from the development of diachronic development, the hypotheses of the interrogative pronoun "who" and the retrenchment process of complex sentences are the reasons for the formation of the construction. It is concluded that the formation process of the conditional structure of the reuse of the interrogative pronoun "who" can be summed up as a normal form of this kind of contraction.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
本文編號：2445205
[Abstract]:Austerity is a common language phenomenon in modern Chinese. For the sake of clarity of meaning and economy of language, more and more complex sentences appear austerity phenomenon, among which the contraction of conditional sentences is the most common. The "who A who B" compact structure is a common conditional contraction construct that is generally used by speakers to give presuppositions and scenarios. In order to encourage or warn the speaker, the speaker can enjoy certain rights or bear certain consequences under the condition of activating the situation or being in the condition of activation. On the basis of Constructional Grammar and Cognitive Grammar, this paper makes a comprehensive study of "who is A and B" of Contractive Construction. The "who A, who B" structure is a sufficient conditional construct of the relation between the biases and changes, and expresses an unsolved event. When a person in a range issues an action or is in a state, that person is in another action or state. Therefore, the conditional meaning of the construct for the variable A, B leads to only the predicate or predicate structure which represents the change of the action character can enter the construct. At the same time, according to the construction theory, the construction of "who A who B" is an abstract schema structure, expressing abstract conditional events, the question pronoun "who" which is allowed to change, A and B are allowed by other constructions. Secondly, since the construction is based on the use of the linguistic unit, we believe that the construction is formed in the pragmatic process, its pragmatic motivation is economic, pragmatic presupposition is the speaker through conditional assumptions to express their attitude; The pragmatic focus is on the conditional meaning of "who A", and the textual function lies in the cohesion of the context and the choice of the style. Thirdly, the formation of the construct is inseparable from cognitive analysis. The cognitive motivation of the "who A who B" construct is to highlight the conditions and the complete psychology of the human being, and generalize the three cognitive schemata implied by the construct: filling the missing. Dependent increment and elimination of redundancy; The author thinks that the formation of "who A who B" is inseparable from the development of diachronic development, the hypotheses of the interrogative pronoun "who" and the retrenchment process of complex sentences are the reasons for the formation of the construction. It is concluded that the formation process of the conditional structure of the reuse of the interrogative pronoun "who" can be summed up as a normal form of this kind of contraction.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146
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