【摘要】：本文從語用學(xué)角度研究中外脫口秀節(jié)目中信息過量現(xiàn)象,試圖解釋機構(gòu)話語環(huán)境下這一現(xiàn)象的動態(tài)順應(yīng)特征。我們把信息過量理解為在脫口秀交際過程中說話者除了提供聽話者所期望的、必要的信息外還提供過量信息的動態(tài)過程。 本文援用Verschueren的順應(yīng)理論并在分析真實語料的基礎(chǔ)上提出了分析脫口秀節(jié)目中信息過量的理論框架。作者認(rèn)為,交際過程中的信息過量是說話者為了實現(xiàn)其交際目的而對各種語境因素做出順應(yīng)性選擇的動態(tài)過程,主要涉及發(fā)話人和聽話人、交際目的、協(xié)商和語境變量。信息過量現(xiàn)象的生成機制正是這些因素相互作用的結(jié)果。 根據(jù)順應(yīng)模式,本文從信息過量的產(chǎn)生角度對其生成機制做了嘗試性的研究。研究顯示,過量信息的生成是一個順應(yīng)性的過程,即說話者作出言語選擇時順應(yīng)語境因素以實現(xiàn)其交際目的。另外,作者發(fā)現(xiàn)三個語境變量(包括物理世界、社交世界和心理世界)各有其豐富內(nèi)涵,對信息過量話語的選擇有著深刻的影響。 信息過量具有變異性,主要表現(xiàn)在命題內(nèi)容和信息量兩個方面。從命題內(nèi)容角度,過量信息可以分為五類：(1)主導(dǎo)性言語行為+原因型言語行為；(2)主導(dǎo)性言語行為+說明型言語行為；(3)主導(dǎo)性言語行為+表態(tài)度型言語行為；(4)主導(dǎo)性言語行為+辯護(hù)型言語行為；(5)主導(dǎo)性言語行為+自我修復(fù)型言語行為。從信息量角度,文章區(qū)分了單命題的信息過量和復(fù)命題的信息過量。同時,在任何情況下,每一個具體事例的信息過量的產(chǎn)生都受到語境變量的影響。 作者分別從宏觀和微觀的角度對信息過量的功能做了討論。研究顯示,宏觀上運用過量信息通過加強人際和諧,提高交際效率來影響交際過程。微觀上通過構(gòu)建自我良好形象,緩和對他人的面子威脅以保持良好的人際關(guān)系。 方法論上來講,本研究屬于基于中外脫口秀節(jié)目中自然發(fā)生語料的定性研究。 本文的研究一定程度上揭示了交際過程的本質(zhì),特別是機構(gòu)交際過程的本質(zhì),從而為其他關(guān)于信息過量的研究提供一定的啟發(fā)。本研究有助于真實的交際實踐,特別是在如何運用各種語言技巧來實現(xiàn)主體的交際目的方面可以為電視節(jié)目中的主持人和嘉賓提供一些幫助。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the phenomenon of information excess in talk shows from the perspective of pragmatics, and tries to explain the dynamic adaptation characteristics of this phenomenon in the context of institutional discourse. We interpret information overdose as a dynamic process in which the speaker not only provides the desired and necessary information to the listener, but also provides the excess information in the communication process of the talk show. Based on Verschueren's adaptation theory and the analysis of real language data, this paper puts forward a theoretical framework for analyzing the excess of information in talk shows. The author holds that information excess in communication is a dynamic process in which speakers make adaptation choices to various contextual factors in order to achieve their communicative purposes, mainly involving speaker and listener, communicative purpose, negotiation and context variables. The formation mechanism of information excess phenomenon is the result of the interaction of these factors. According to the adaptation model, this paper makes a tentative study on the generating mechanism of information excess from the point of view of information excess. The study shows that the generation of excess information is a process of adaptation, that is, the speaker adapts to the contextual factors in making a speech choice to achieve his communicative purpose. In addition, the author finds that the three contextual variables (including the physical world, the social world and the psychological world) have their own rich connotations, which have a profound influence on the choice of information excess discourse. Information excess has variability, mainly in two aspects: propositional content and information content. From the perspective of propositional content, excess information can be divided into five categories: (1) dominant speech act, (2) dominant speech act declarative speech act, (3) dominant speech act, and (3) dominant speech act. (4) dominant speech act defense speech act; (5) dominant speech act self-repairing speech act. From the information point of view, this paper distinguishes the information excess of a single proposition from the information excess of a complex proposition. At the same time, in any case, the information overproduction of each specific case is affected by contextual variables. In this paper, the function of information excess is discussed from the macroscopic and microcosmic point of view. Studies show that the macro-use of excessive information affects the communication process by strengthening interpersonal harmony and improving communicative efficiency. At the micro level, we can build a good self-image and ease the threat of face to others in order to maintain a good interpersonal relationship. In terms of methodology, this study is based on the qualitative study of natural occurrence corpus in Chinese and foreign talk shows. The present study reveals to some extent the essence of the process of communication, especially the nature of the process of institutional communication, thus providing some inspiration for other studies on information overload. This research is helpful to the real communication practice, especially in how to use various language skills to achieve the communicative purpose of the subject, which can provide some help to the host and guest in the TV program.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H136;H313

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