【摘要】：本文運用了語義學(xué)和型式語法的相關(guān)理論討論了法律語體中的能愿動詞的分布情況,考察了法律語體和小說語體中的能愿動詞使用的差異,重點討論了法律書面語體中能愿動詞的兩類常用結(jié)構(gòu)：“Vcw+長介詞結(jié)構(gòu)+VP”與“Neg+Vcw+VP+的”,使用型式語法理論分析了法律語體中能愿動詞常使用這兩類結(jié)構(gòu)的原因,希望以此來對法律語體的能愿動詞使用情況進行較全面的分析。本文共分為六章： 第一章為本文研究做鋪墊,其中包括與本題目相關(guān)的研究情況、選題的目的和意義、界定研究對象以及研究的語料來源和研究方法。 第二章首先對本文研究的能愿動詞的定義和范圍進行界定,討論了能愿動詞的語法功能,在此基礎(chǔ)上統(tǒng)計了能愿動詞在法律語體中的分布情況,然后從能愿動詞情態(tài)語義和法律語體本身特點的角度著重分析了兩個主要差異產(chǎn)生的原因：一個是“應(yīng)當(dāng)”和“可以”兩個能愿動詞在法律書面語體中高頻出現(xiàn)的原因；另一個則是造成法庭口語中不同角色使用不同能愿動詞的原因。 第三章對法律語體中的能愿動詞的主要功能進行了討論,在法律語體中能愿動詞功能主要有三：第一,能愿動詞可以賦予權(quán)力(權(quán)利),第二,能愿動詞設(shè)定義務(wù)；第三,能愿動詞表達話語立場。 第四章首先把法律書面語體與另一種典型的書面語體(小說語體)中的能愿動詞分布情況進行了對比：法律語體中能愿動詞種類較小說語體少且分布呈不均衡狀態(tài)；其次,兩種語體中的高頻能愿動詞和與能愿動詞經(jīng)常共現(xiàn)的句式也存在很大差異：法律書面語體中的句式中包含多個介詞結(jié)構(gòu),并且能愿動詞的否定形式遠遠多于小說語體。最后從語體功能的角度分析了造成兩種語體中能愿動詞的種種差異的原因。 第五章著重分析法律書面語體中的兩種常見句式：“Vcw+長介詞結(jié)構(gòu)+VP”和"Neg+Vcw+VP+的”,并分別根據(jù)介詞結(jié)構(gòu)和后接動詞的語義關(guān)系與語法角色把兩類結(jié)構(gòu)分類。最后利用型式語法的相關(guān)理論對兩類結(jié)構(gòu)高頻出現(xiàn)的原因進行分析,兩種結(jié)構(gòu)在法律書面語體高頻出現(xiàn)是因為能愿動詞和結(jié)構(gòu)之間存在“互選”關(guān)系。 第六章為結(jié)語,總結(jié)全文內(nèi)容并指出本研究尚存在的一些不足之處。
[Abstract]:Based on the theories of semantics and type grammar, this paper discusses the distribution of willing verbs in legal style, and investigates the differences between legal style and novel style in the use of wishing verbs. In this paper, the author mainly discusses two types of structures of willing verbs in legal written style: "Vcw long preposition structure VP" and "Neg Vcw VP's". By using the theory of pattern grammar, this paper analyzes the reasons why the two types of structures are often used in legal style. We hope to make a comprehensive analysis of the usage of the willing verbs in legal style. This paper is divided into six chapters: the first chapter lays the groundwork for this study, including the research related to this topic, the purpose and significance of the topic, the definition of the research object, the source of the research materials and research methods. The second chapter first defines the definition and scope of the wishful verbs studied in this paper, discusses the grammatical functions of the wishing verbs, and then statistics the distribution of the willing verbs in the legal style on the basis of this. Then from the perspective of modal semantics and legal stylistic characteristics of the willing verbs, this paper analyzes the reasons for the two main differences: one is the reason why "ought" and "can" appear frequently in the legal written style; The other is the reason why different characters use different wishful verbs in the spoken language of the court. The third chapter discusses the main functions of the wishing verbs in the legal style. There are three main functions of the wishing verbs in the legal style: first, the wishing verbs can give power (rights), the second is to set the obligation of the wishing verbs; Third, willing verbs to express the position of discourse. The fourth chapter first compares the distribution of willing verbs in legal style with that in another typical written style (novel style): in legal style, there are fewer types and uneven distribution of wishing verbs than those in novel style, and the distribution of possible verbs in legal style is less than that in the novel style, and the distribution of the verbs in the legal style is less than that in the novel style. Secondly, there is a great difference between the high-frequency willing verbs and the sentence patterns that often co-occur between the two styles: the sentence patterns in the legal written style contain multiple prepositions, and the negative forms of the willing verbs are much more than those in the novel style. Finally, from the perspective of stylistic function, this paper analyzes the causes of the differences between the possible verbs in the two styles. The fifth chapter focuses on the analysis of two common sentence patterns in legal written style: "Vcw long-term preposition structure VP" and "Neg Vcw VP's", and classifies the two types of structures according to the semantic relationship and grammatical role of preposition structure and subsequent verbs respectively. Finally, the causes of the high frequency of the two types of structures are analyzed by using the theory of pattern grammar. The reason why the two structures appear in the high frequency of the legal written style is due to the "interselection" relationship between the willing verbs and the structure. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the full text content and points out some shortcomings of this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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