【摘要】：動補結構是一項投入了很多學術力量的課題。從宏觀的起源問題，古代漢語動補結構的整體研究，到微觀的涉及動補結構的特殊句式的研究、補語的語義研究、虛化補語研究、補語與賓語關系的研究等等，學界無一不涉足,這些研究大部分從語言的語表和語里入手，注重的是動補結構本身的結構特征以及動補結構與其他語言現(xiàn)象的關系等。然而漢語是意合語言，除了結構特征之外，深層次的語義特征也極為重要。本文從語義的角度來探討漢語表運動事件類動趨式這個大環(huán)境下謂語動詞和趨向動詞的省略問題，，并以此證明漢語是“核心語構架語言”。本文采用語料分析法，并通過Antconc軟件統(tǒng)計表物理運動事件的動趨式、趨向動詞以及移動類動詞在不同語式、不同文體中的出現(xiàn)頻率，以此證明漢語表運動事件類動趨式中語義核心趨向動詞一般不能夠省略，而結構核心大多可以省略這一事實。 漢語是注重意合的語言，漢語句子結構中的成分是可以省略的，如一個漢語句子的主語可以省略，只保留謂語動詞。但是這個省略的主語必須是對話雙方已知的舊信息，而未知的新信息是不能省略的，新信息是語義核心，是人們交流的目的所在。利用Antconc軟件計算，漢語表運動事件的動趨式中，移動類動詞單獨表運動事件的頻率較低，動趨式或者趨向動詞表運動事件的頻率較高，故趨向動詞是運動事件的新信息，是其語義核心。筆者認為進行漢語分析時不應該照搬西方語言的研究方法，應該尋求符合漢語特點的研究方法。筆者認為語義核心相對于結構核心更能代表漢語的特征,因此判斷漢語是“核心語構架語言”還是“附加語構架語言”的標準應該選取語義核心。
[Abstract]:The dynamic complement structure is a subject which has invested a lot of academic strength. From the macroscopic origin problem, the whole research of the Chinese verb-complement structure in ancient Chinese, to the microcosmic research of the special sentence structure involving the verb-complement structure, the semantic study of the complement, the study of the virtual complement, the study of the relationship between the complement and the object, and so on. Most of these researches begin with the language table and language, focusing on the structural characteristics of the verb-complement structure itself and the relationship between the move-complement structure and other linguistic phenomena. However, Chinese is a parataxis language, in addition to structural features, deep semantic features are also extremely important. From the semantic point of view, this paper discusses the ellipsis of predicate verbs and directional verbs in the general context of Chinese motion events, and proves that Chinese is the "core framework language". In this paper, we adopt the method of corpus analysis and use Antconc software to analyze the tendency of physical motion events, the frequency of moving verbs and moving verbs in different language forms and different styles. In this way, it is proved that the semantic core directional verb can not be omitted in the Chinese table motion event type trend, but the structural core can be omitted in most cases. Chinese is a language that pays attention to parataxis. The elements in Chinese sentence structure can be omitted, such as the subject of a Chinese sentence can be omitted, only the predicate verb can be retained. But the subject of this ellipsis must be the old information known by both sides of the dialogue, and the unknown new information cannot be omitted. The new information is the semantic core and the purpose of communication. By using Antconc software, the frequency of motion events of moving verbs is low, and the frequency of moving events is higher than that of moving verbs, so directional verbs are new information of motion events. Is its semantic core. The author thinks that the research method of western language should not be copied in the analysis of Chinese, and the research method should be in accordance with the characteristics of Chinese. The author believes that the semantic core is more representative of the characteristics of Chinese than the structural core, so the criteria for judging whether Chinese is a "core framing language" or "add-on framing language" should select the semantic core.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 薛鳳生;;動補結構否定形式小議[J];安徽文學(下半月);2008年08期

2 李明;古漢語動補結構的語義分析——兼談駕馭動補結構的線索[J];安慶師范學院學報(社會科學版);2002年06期

3 范熙;;動結式帶賓語結構的含義及教學[J];邊疆經(jīng)濟與文化;2009年08期

4 陳忠;;復合趨向補語中“來/去”的句法分布順序及其理據(jù)[J];當代語言學;2007年01期

5 闞哲華;;漢語位移事件詞匯化的語言類型探究[J];當代語言學;2010年02期

6 陳佳;趙友斌;;也論現(xiàn)代漢語的運動事件詞匯化語義編碼模式[J];電子科技大學學報(社科版);2008年06期

7 郭泉江;羅思明;;運動事件的概念—語義—句法映射——以英漢“投擲”運動事件為例[J];外國語言文學;2011年03期

8 吳福祥;關于動補結構“V死O”的來源[J];古漢語研究;2000年03期

9 汪文剛;運動事件動詞語義成分合并方式差異與影響[J];甘肅聯(lián)合大學學報(社會科學版);2005年03期

10 吳紀梅;;動趨式“V+出來”與賓語同現(xiàn)情況的語用分析[J];廣西民族大學學報(哲學社會科學版);2008年01期

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 黃月華;漢語趨向動詞的多義研究[D];湖南師范大學;2011年

2 潘泰;現(xiàn)代漢語移動義動詞的句法語義研究[D];華中師范大學;2009年

本文編號：2328090