發(fā)布時間：2018-10-31 08:42

【摘要】：本文以上海市教委項目“漢字取象研究”中的對外漢語語料庫為研究素材，統(tǒng)計、調(diào)查、分析2007~2012年上海交通大學(xué)留學(xué)生的形近字偏誤情況，分析原因并嘗試提出解決辦法。本文首先利用語料庫語料總結(jié)出175對留學(xué)生書寫偏誤的形近字：獨(dú)體形近字25對，合體形近字150對。合體形近字中一階形近字148對，二階形近字2對。一階形近字又分為兩類，本字和別字讀音相同或相近的形近字106對，讀音不同的形近字42對。由此，本文編制出《留學(xué)生常用漢字形近字表》（以下簡稱“《留》”）。之后，從《留》中選取60對形近字制成以選擇、判斷題型為主的試卷，對學(xué)生進(jìn)行當(dāng)堂測驗。結(jié)果顯示，這60對被測形近字為偏誤高發(fā)的形近字。 留學(xué)生形近字偏誤的原因主要可以歸為：一、缺乏對漢字部首意義和構(gòu)形理據(jù)的認(rèn)識；二、對形近字的本義和引申義不甚了解。解決方法的嘗試：將《留》與《新HSK1~6級詞匯大綱》比對，編制《新HSK1~6級詞匯大綱中的形近字表》，，為對外漢語形近字教學(xué)提供字例及教學(xué)方法的參考。
[Abstract]:This paper takes the corpus of Chinese as a foreign language in the project of the Shanghai Education Commission "the study of Chinese character extraction" as the research material, statistics and investigation, analyzes the errors in the form and proximity of the foreign students of Shanghai Jiaotong University from 2007 to 2012, analyzes the reasons and tries to put forward some solutions. In this paper, we first summarize 175 pairs of foreign students' writing errors by using the corpus: 25 pairs of monographs and 150 pairs of homozygous characters. There are 148 pairs of first order near characters and 2 pairs of second order near characters in the conjunctive form. There are 106 pairs of characters with the same or similar pronunciation and 42 pairs of characters with different pronunciation. Therefore, this paper compiles the "Chinese character form near word Table" (hereinafter referred to as "stay >"). After that, 60 pairs of close characters were selected from "stay" to select and judge the test paper, and then the students were given a class test. The results showed that the 60 pairs of measured near characters were highly error-prone. The main reasons for the students' errors can be classified as follows: first, the lack of understanding of the Chinese character radical meaning and configuration motivation; Try to solve the problem: compare "stay" with "New HSK1~6 level Vocabulary outline", compile "the form and near word Table in the New HSK1~6 level Vocabulary outline", and provide the reference of character examples and teaching methods for teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H195.3

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