【摘要】：現(xiàn)代漢語中的趨向動(dòng)詞有著復(fù)雜的意義和功能，向來是語法學(xué)界討論的熱點(diǎn)問題之一，也是對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)中的一大難點(diǎn)。本文從一組意義相關(guān)的趨向動(dòng)詞“上”和“起”及相關(guān)的復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞入手，討論二者在充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語這一語法功能上的特點(diǎn)，從詞匯意義、句式結(jié)構(gòu)（動(dòng)趨式）等層面，對(duì)二者的異同進(jìn)行比較，并嘗試運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的相關(guān)理論分別構(gòu)擬出趨向動(dòng)詞“上”和“起”的意象圖式，分析造成二者語義交叉及語義分化的原因和機(jī)制。同時(shí)，本文也從歷時(shí)的視角探討“上”和“起”的語法化脈絡(luò)，以補(bǔ)證它們共時(shí)層面在語義意義和句法功能上的異同。 本文第一章簡(jiǎn)要介紹本研究的源起和研究目的、所運(yùn)用的相關(guān)認(rèn)知語言學(xué)理論背景以及前人對(duì)相關(guān)問題的研究成果。 第二章分析探討趨向動(dòng)詞“上”和“起”在充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語時(shí)的語法意義和句式結(jié)構(gòu)（動(dòng)趨式）。將語法意義分為基本趨向意義、結(jié)果意義、狀態(tài)意義及評(píng)價(jià)意義，并在每一類意義下進(jìn)行細(xì)分，列舉“上”和“起”在每種意義下可進(jìn)入的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，比對(duì)二者在各類意義和句式分布上的異同。 第三章進(jìn)一步分析探討趨向動(dòng)詞“上”和“起”所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合趨向動(dòng)詞“上來”、“上去”和“起來”在充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語時(shí)的語法意義和句式結(jié)構(gòu)，同樣從基本趨向意義、結(jié)果意義、狀態(tài)意義及評(píng)價(jià)意義四個(gè)方面進(jìn)行描寫，并結(jié)合單純趨向動(dòng)詞“上”和“起”在各類意義中的表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行比較。 第四章在前兩章的基礎(chǔ)上具體分析“上”類和“起”類趨向動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)補(bǔ)語時(shí)在各個(gè)意義層面下的異同，并從認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的角度進(jìn)行分析，構(gòu)擬出二者各自的意象圖式體系。 第五章探討“上”和“起”在歷時(shí)過程中的語義流變及句法表現(xiàn)，簡(jiǎn)要描寫它們各自的語法化歷程。 第六章為結(jié)語，，總結(jié)概括本研究的主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:The directional verbs in modern Chinese have complex meanings and functions, which have always been one of the hot issues discussed in grammar circles, and are also a major difficulty in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. This paper begins with a group of related directional verbs "Shang" and "Qi" and related compound directional verbs, and discusses their grammatical functions as complements, from the aspects of lexical meaning, sentence structure (move-oriented) and so on. This paper compares the similarities and differences between the two, and tries to construct the image schemata of the directional verb "up" and "starting" by using the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, and analyzes the causes and mechanism of their semantic crossover and semantic differentiation. At the same time, this paper also discusses the grammaticalization of "Shang" and "Qi" from a diachronic perspective in order to supplement their synchronic differences in semantic meaning and syntactic functions. The first chapter briefly introduces the origin and purpose of this study, the theoretical background of relevant cognitive linguistics and the previous research results on related issues. Chapter two discusses the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" when they act as complements. The grammatical meaning is divided into basic trend meaning, result meaning, state meaning and evaluation meaning. In each sense, the grammatical meaning is subdivided to enumerate the sentence structure that "Shang" and "Qi" can enter in each sense. Compare the similarities and differences between the two in all kinds of meanings and sentence patterns. The third chapter further analyzes the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the compound directional verb "up", "up" and "up", which are composed of the verb "up" and "rising", and the grammatical meaning and sentence structure of the verb "up" and "up" in the same way as the basic directional meaning and the resultant meaning. This paper describes the state meaning and the evaluation meaning, and compares the performance of the simple directional verb "Shang" and "Qi" in all kinds of meanings. On the basis of the first two chapters, the fourth chapter concretely analyzes the similarities and differences between the "Shang" category and the "starting" type verb when they act as complements, and analyzes them from the perspective of cognitive linguistics to construct their respective image schema systems. The fifth chapter discusses the semantic evolution and syntactic expression of "Shang" and "Yuan" in the diachronic process, and briefly describes their respective grammaticalization process. Chapter six is the conclusion, which summarizes the main contents and conclusions of this study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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