歌部同源詞研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-17 08:34
【摘要】：詞是社會約定俗成的產物,然而隨著社會的發(fā)展,詞的發(fā)展存在一定的規(guī)律性,詞義在不斷引申和層層引申中派生出新詞,詞義系統(tǒng)得以不斷豐富。詞族正如整個人類社會一樣,由原始的家族源起,隨著時間的推移、家族的興替,不斷地有新鮮元素的加入,隨著語義的分化、孳乳,繁衍至今。如何在橫向與縱向中把握詞義運動的規(guī)律,同源詞的考證和系聯(lián)則成為重要的途徑之一,根據(jù)古代訓詁材料進行考證、運用合理的理論和方法進行系聯(lián),探討詞義發(fā)展的內部規(guī)律,闡釋漢語詞族的發(fā)展演變。王力先生的《同源字典》就是這樣一部集大成式的研究論著,其在論述同源字的來源時指出了多種方式,然而他認為判定同源字的主要根據(jù)是“古代的訓詁”,這樣的標準無疑大大縮減了同源詞族的范圍。這與王力對同源詞系聯(lián)的初衷也是相違背的�？梢�,《同源字典》中每一上古韻部之下的同源詞族都有很多值得深挖之處。本人采用王力先生《漢語語音史》的古音體系,以上古歌韻部所轄上古文獻中的同源詞材料為基本素材,運用詞義引申的方法進行探求。由于詞義引申是一種很復雜的語言現(xiàn)象,其分類標準不可能盡善盡美,我們只能在前輩詳盡的論述和探究的基礎上進一步總結出更為符合引申規(guī)律的方法,來探討同源詞的系聯(lián)和衍生軌跡。關于詞義引申的種種理論落實到具體的同源詞現(xiàn)象中時,往往呈現(xiàn)出頗為“個性化”的演繹,因此,筆者通過對上古“歌”部字的詞族中的詞義引申與同源詞衍生之間的互動性的研究,將種種“個性化”演繹剖析、歸類、總結,化為典型之“標桿”陳列,為復雜的詞義運動現(xiàn)象略作一些嘗試性的探求工作。在具體的系聯(lián)中,筆者主要以詞義引申的“相關”和“相類”為兩大引申思想,結合陳殿璽的語法與修辭兩大引申途徑和羅正堅等人具體的引申分類,對每一詞族內部的同源詞系聯(lián)進行“穿針引線”。同源詞內部的排列亦有一定順序,皆按照詞義引申的導向或分流或融合,終與其詞義發(fā)展的脈絡相承,來明晰其同源詞衍生孳乳的推演軌跡。詞義引申串聯(lián)起了同源詞龐大的家族,其中平行引申和縱向引申交錯,故筆者會根據(jù)每組詞族的具體情況來討論這種互動的關系。本文的研究在于加強對詞的本義的了解,把握詞義引申的規(guī)律,促進同源詞系統(tǒng)的完善；對同源詞現(xiàn)象展開多角度的認識和解釋,揭示同源詞現(xiàn)象背后的社會背景、歷史文化以及人類的認知規(guī)律；在同源詞研究的基礎上,為研究人的符號化行為提供可靠而詳實的文字材料。
[Abstract]:Ci is the product of social conventions, but with the development of society, there are certain regularity in the development of words, the meaning of words in the incessant extension and layer upon layer of the derivation of new words, word meaning system can be constantly enriched. Like the whole human society, the ci family is originated from the primitive family, and with the passage of time, the family takes its place, with the addition of fresh elements, with the differentiation of semantics, the birth and reproduction. How to grasp the law of word meaning movement in the horizontal and vertical, the textual research and the connection of the homologous words become one of the important ways, according to the ancient exegetical material to carry on the textual research, uses the reasonable theory and the method to carry on the connection, This paper probes into the internal law of word meaning development and explains the development and evolution of Chinese word family. Wang Li's "homology Dictionary" is such a comprehensive research work, which points out a variety of ways in discussing the origin of homology words. However, he believes that the main basis for judging homology words is "ancient exegesis." Such a standard no doubt greatly reduces the range of homologues. This also contradicts Wang Li's original intention of homology. It can be seen that each homologous word family under the ancient rhyme in the homology dictionary has a lot to explore. I use the ancient phonetic system of Mr. Wang Li's A History of Chinese Pronunciation, the homologous words in the ancient literature under the jurisdiction of the ancient songs as the basic material, and use the method of word meaning extension to explore. As the extension of word meaning is a very complicated language phenomenon, its classification standard can not be perfect, we can only sum up more methods which accord with the law of extension on the basis of detailed exposition and exploration by our predecessors. To explore the conjunctions and derivation locus of homologous words. When the theories about the extension of word meaning are carried out into the concrete homologue phenomenon, it often presents a rather "individualized" deduction. By studying the interaction between the extension of word meaning and the derivation of homologous words, the author analyzes, classifies and sums up all kinds of "individualized" deductions, summarizes them, and turns them into typical "benchmarking" displays. Some tentative explorations are made for the complex phenomenon of semantic movement. In the specific association, the author mainly takes "relevant" and "similar" as two extension thoughts, combining Chen Dianxi's grammar and rhetoric, and Luo Zhengjian's specific extension classification. The homologous words in each word family are connected with each other. There is also a certain order in the arrangement of homologous words, all according to the meaning of the extension of the direction or diversion or fusion, and ultimately with the development of the meaning of the context of the word, to clarify the derivation of the origin of the development of the trace of the milk. The extension of word meaning is connected with a large family of homologous words, in which parallel extension and vertical extension intersect, so the author will discuss this kind of interactive relationship according to the specific situation of each group of words. The research of this paper is to strengthen the understanding of the meaning of words, grasp the rules of word meaning extension, promote the perfection of homology system, and explain the phenomenon of homology from many angles, and reveal the social background behind the phenomenon of homology. On the basis of the study of cognate words, it provides reliable and detailed written materials for the study of human symbolization behavior.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H139
[Abstract]:Ci is the product of social conventions, but with the development of society, there are certain regularity in the development of words, the meaning of words in the incessant extension and layer upon layer of the derivation of new words, word meaning system can be constantly enriched. Like the whole human society, the ci family is originated from the primitive family, and with the passage of time, the family takes its place, with the addition of fresh elements, with the differentiation of semantics, the birth and reproduction. How to grasp the law of word meaning movement in the horizontal and vertical, the textual research and the connection of the homologous words become one of the important ways, according to the ancient exegetical material to carry on the textual research, uses the reasonable theory and the method to carry on the connection, This paper probes into the internal law of word meaning development and explains the development and evolution of Chinese word family. Wang Li's "homology Dictionary" is such a comprehensive research work, which points out a variety of ways in discussing the origin of homology words. However, he believes that the main basis for judging homology words is "ancient exegesis." Such a standard no doubt greatly reduces the range of homologues. This also contradicts Wang Li's original intention of homology. It can be seen that each homologous word family under the ancient rhyme in the homology dictionary has a lot to explore. I use the ancient phonetic system of Mr. Wang Li's A History of Chinese Pronunciation, the homologous words in the ancient literature under the jurisdiction of the ancient songs as the basic material, and use the method of word meaning extension to explore. As the extension of word meaning is a very complicated language phenomenon, its classification standard can not be perfect, we can only sum up more methods which accord with the law of extension on the basis of detailed exposition and exploration by our predecessors. To explore the conjunctions and derivation locus of homologous words. When the theories about the extension of word meaning are carried out into the concrete homologue phenomenon, it often presents a rather "individualized" deduction. By studying the interaction between the extension of word meaning and the derivation of homologous words, the author analyzes, classifies and sums up all kinds of "individualized" deductions, summarizes them, and turns them into typical "benchmarking" displays. Some tentative explorations are made for the complex phenomenon of semantic movement. In the specific association, the author mainly takes "relevant" and "similar" as two extension thoughts, combining Chen Dianxi's grammar and rhetoric, and Luo Zhengjian's specific extension classification. The homologous words in each word family are connected with each other. There is also a certain order in the arrangement of homologous words, all according to the meaning of the extension of the direction or diversion or fusion, and ultimately with the development of the meaning of the context of the word, to clarify the derivation of the origin of the development of the trace of the milk. The extension of word meaning is connected with a large family of homologous words, in which parallel extension and vertical extension intersect, so the author will discuss this kind of interactive relationship according to the specific situation of each group of words. The research of this paper is to strengthen the understanding of the meaning of words, grasp the rules of word meaning extension, promote the perfection of homology system, and explain the phenomenon of homology from many angles, and reveal the social background behind the phenomenon of homology. On the basis of the study of cognate words, it provides reliable and detailed written materials for the study of human symbolization behavior.
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H139
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