【摘要】：本文根據(jù)北京大學(xué)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)中大量的母語(yǔ)者的語(yǔ)料,從詞義、句法兩個(gè)方面對(duì)"XX不已”、“XX不止”、“XX不休”、“XX不絕”、“XX不斷”進(jìn)行了分析和比較�！癤X不已”的結(jié)構(gòu)可以理解為一直持續(xù)在某種心境中,或某種動(dòng)蕩的狀態(tài)中,停不下來(lái)。最常見(jiàn)的“XX"是表示心理的詞。且在句中常常需要和系動(dòng)詞、使動(dòng)動(dòng)詞、“對(duì)……”、“為……而……”等一起使用�！癤X不止”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)一般可以分成三種含義：一是一個(gè)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)。二是一個(gè)動(dòng)作反復(fù)做、延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)。三是一個(gè)狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)。最常見(jiàn)的“XX”是“屢禁”。常作謂語(yǔ)�！癤X不休”表示一直做一件事,一直不罷休。最常見(jiàn)的“XX”是表示“爭(zhēng)辯”義的詞。常作謂語(yǔ)�！癤X不絕”也有三種含義：一是某件東西一直持續(xù)沒(méi)有中斷。二是某個(gè)行為一直持續(xù)沒(méi)有中斷。三是某件東西或某個(gè)行為在某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)沒(méi)有中斷。最常見(jiàn)的“XX”是表示聲音、氣味、口味、(山川)綿長(zhǎng)、人流來(lái)往和(歷史)傳承等詞。常作謂語(yǔ)。“XX不斷”格式出現(xiàn)的頻率不高,“XX”主要可以表示“連續(xù)”的意義。常作謂語(yǔ)。 此外,本文從北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)HSK作文動(dòng)態(tài)語(yǔ)料庫(kù)和東南亞華裔留學(xué)生作文語(yǔ)料庫(kù)中搜集到了“不已”類偏誤的句子,還編寫了調(diào)查問(wèn)卷來(lái)搜集留學(xué)生的偏誤。通過(guò)SPSS數(shù)據(jù)分析、偏誤分析得出了偏誤的類型。錯(cuò)序類型的偏誤往往是學(xué)生把“XX不已”類寫成了“不已XX”類(包括“不止XX"、“不休XX"、“不絕XX"、“不斷XX”)。原因在于學(xué)生對(duì)“不停(地)+動(dòng)詞”、“不斷(地)+動(dòng)詞”這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)得比較早。而“XX不已”在意思上又和它們比較接近,所以學(xué)生負(fù)遷移以前學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí),規(guī)則泛化了。而誤用類型的偏誤往往是由于測(cè)試對(duì)象對(duì)“不已”類詞的搭配規(guī)律不甚明了,而隨機(jī)或憑語(yǔ)感作出了錯(cuò)誤的判斷。至于遺漏,母語(yǔ)使用者在使用“不已”時(shí)常常使用使動(dòng)動(dòng)詞、表示對(duì)象和系動(dòng)詞的結(jié)構(gòu),而只有極少數(shù)留學(xué)生在使用“不已”會(huì)使用這些結(jié)構(gòu),致使語(yǔ)句不夠自然通順。誤加類型的偏誤是個(gè)別現(xiàn)象,是由于兩種結(jié)構(gòu)混用的結(jié)果。 最后通過(guò)對(duì)留學(xué)生的采訪了解學(xué)生的習(xí)得情況,并總結(jié)了一些教學(xué)建議。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of a large number of native speakers in the corpus of Peking University, this paper discusses "XX", "XX not only", "XX endlessly" and "XX endlessly" in terms of word meaning and syntax. "XX incessantly" is analyzed and compared. The "XX incessant" structure can be understood as continuing in a certain state of mind, or in a state of turbulence, without stopping. The most common word "XX" is a word for psychology. And in the sentence often need and the link verb, causes the verb, "right.", "is." And. " "XX more than" the structure can be divided into three meanings: one is that an action continues. Second, a repeated action, lasting a long time. Third, a state has been maintained. The most common "XX" is "repeatedly prohibited". Often used as a predicate. "XX endlessly" means to do one thing all the time and never give up. The most common word for "XX" is the word "argument". XX also has three meanings: one is that something continues without interruption. Second, a certain behavior has continued uninterrupted. Third, something or behavior is not interrupted in a certain period of time. The most common "XX" is the words sound, smell, taste, length, flow and heritage. Often predicate. "XX" format is not high frequency, "XX" can mainly mean "continuous" meaning. It is often used as a predicate. In addition, this paper collects the sentences of "incessant" errors from the HSK composition dynamic Corpus of Beijing language and language University and the Southeast Asian Chinese students' composition Corpus, and compiles a questionnaire to collect the errors of overseas students. Through the SPSS data analysis, the error analysis has obtained the error type. Misordering is often caused by students writing "XX incessant" classes as "XX" classes (including "not only XX", "endlessly XX", "constantly XX"). The reason for this is that students learn about the structures of "constant verb" and "continuous verb" earlier. "XX" is more similar in meaning, so students negative-transfer the previous knowledge, the rules have been generalized. The bias of the misusing type is often due to the fact that the subjects do not understand the collocation rules of the "unceasing" words, and make the wrong judgment by random or by language sense. As for omissions, native speakers often use active verbs to denote the structures of objects and linked verbs, while only a few foreign students use these structures, which makes the sentences unnatural. The bias of the addition type is an individual phenomenon, which is the result of the mixed use of the two structures. Finally, through the interview of foreign students to understand the acquisition of students, and summed up some teaching suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H195.1

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本文編號(hào)：2269879