【摘要】：哈薩克族是一個(gè)具有悠久歷史的游牧民族，也是一個(gè)聞名于世的“馬背民族”，在漫長的歷史發(fā)展過程中，哈薩克族創(chuàng)造了獨(dú)特的草原文化，馬在哈薩克人的生活中發(fā)揮著舉足輕重的作用，馬既是生產(chǎn)工具又是生活資料。哈薩克族把馬當(dāng)做社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)生活的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)，把馬用于交通運(yùn)輸、戰(zhàn)爭、打獵、遷徙、娛樂、食物等等方面，與馬同呼吸共命運(yùn)，馬對(duì)哈薩克族的生存和發(fā)展起了很重要的作用。因?yàn)橛辛笋R哈薩克族人才能馳騁在遼闊的草原上，哈薩克人的生活與馬緊密相連。哈薩克族積累了很多牧馬的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在他的語言中馬相關(guān)專用詞匯非常豐富，并且形成了以馬為中心的獨(dú)特畜牧業(yè)文化。本論文從文化語言學(xué)的角度挖掘馬相關(guān)詞匯及其它所體現(xiàn)的哈薩克族馬文化，就是說論文既要揭示語言現(xiàn)象，又要闡述文化現(xiàn)象。 語言是文化的載體，通過一個(gè)民族的語言，我們可以了解該民族的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、生活方式、思維特點(diǎn)等文化特征，而語言中最活躍的部分是詞匯，從一個(gè)民族的詞匯系統(tǒng)中我們可以了解更多文化現(xiàn)象。因此本論文首先從哈薩克語馬相關(guān)的專用詞語和熟語入手，梳理和分析了哈薩克語馬相關(guān)的詞匯，揭示了哈薩克語馬相關(guān)詞匯的意義類別，結(jié)構(gòu)特征以及所包含的文化內(nèi)涵。論文在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步梳理和揭示了哈薩克族馬文化，從而豐富這一領(lǐng)域的研究。 論文分為三個(gè)部分。第一部分為緒論，闡述論文研究目的和意義、哈薩克族及文化概況以及草原文化與馬的關(guān)系。 第二部分為正文，分三章。第一章概述馬相關(guān)的專用詞語及熟語，并進(jìn)行分類，探討馬相關(guān)的熟語的文化內(nèi)涵；第二章為馬相關(guān)專用詞語結(jié)構(gòu)及理據(jù)分析，從形態(tài)學(xué)和語義學(xué)角度對(duì)哈薩克族馬相關(guān)的詞語進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)分析和理據(jù)研究，從結(jié)構(gòu)上分析馬相關(guān)的熟語；第三章為哈薩克族的馬文化，從語言文化學(xué)的角度，對(duì)哈薩克族馬文化進(jìn)行了概述，梳理了馬相關(guān)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，同時(shí)介紹了哈薩克民間文學(xué)與馬，以及哈薩克族的傳統(tǒng)馴養(yǎng)馬、相馬及調(diào)養(yǎng)快馬的技藝以及哈薩克族的馬上娛樂活動(dòng)，還對(duì)哈薩克族的馬具進(jìn)行了分類，介紹了制作材料，概述了馬肉和馬奶子。 第三部分為結(jié)語，對(duì)論文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 總之，哈薩克族馬文化是哈薩克傳統(tǒng)文化的主要組成部分，是非常寶貴的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。今天科學(xué)技術(shù)的突飛猛進(jìn)、信息化時(shí)代的到來以及全球化進(jìn)程的進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大，哈薩克族馬文化受到很大的挑戰(zhàn)，哈薩克族馬文化處于瀕臨滅絕狀態(tài)。因此，搶救、保護(hù)、傳承和利用這一優(yōu)秀非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，不但具有重大的社會(huì)意義，，而且也有巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。
[Abstract]:The Kazakh is a nomadic people with a long history, and is also a famous "horseback nation". During the long history, the Kazakh people created a unique prairie culture. Horse plays an important role in Kazakh life, horse is not only a means of production but also a means of livelihood. The Kazakh people regarded horses as the mainstay of social, economic and social life, and used them for transportation, war, hunting, migration, entertainment, food, and so on. Horse plays an important role in the survival and development of Kazakh people. Because the Kazakh people can ride on the vast grasslands, the life of the Kazakh people is closely connected with the horse. The Kazakh people have accumulated a lot of knowledge and experience of horse husbandry. In his language horse related vocabulary is very rich and has formed a unique animal husbandry culture centered on horses. From the perspective of cultural linguistics, this paper excavates horse related vocabulary and other reflected Kazakh horse culture, that is to say, the thesis not only reveals the linguistic phenomenon, but also expounds the cultural phenomenon. Language is the carrier of culture, through the language of a nation, we can understand the customs, habits, ways of life, thinking characteristics and other cultural characteristics of the nation, and the most active part of the language is vocabulary. We can learn more about cultural phenomena from a nation's lexical system. Therefore, this paper begins with the special words and idioms related to Kazakh horses, combs and analyzes the relevant words of Kazakh horses, and reveals the meaning categories, structural characteristics and cultural connotations of Kazakh horse related words. On this basis, the paper further combs and reveals the Kazakh horse culture, thus enriching the research in this field. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the introduction, expounding the purpose and significance of the paper, the general situation of Kazakh nationality and culture, and the relationship between grassland culture and horse. The second part is divided into three chapters. The first chapter summarizes and classifies the horse-related idioms and idioms, and probes into the cultural connotations of horse-related idioms, the second chapter analyzes the structure and motivation of horse-related idioms. From the angle of morphology and semantics, this paper analyzes the structure and motivation of the horse related words of the Kazak nationality, and analyzes the horse related idioms from the structure; the third chapter is the horse culture of the Kazakh nationality, from the perspective of linguistic culture. This paper summarizes the horse culture of the Kazakh nationality, combs the customs and habits related to the horse, introduces the Kazakh folklore and horse, as well as the traditional domestication of the Kazakh horse. The techniques of raising horses and the entertainment activities of Kazakh horses are also discussed. The Kazakh horses are classified, the materials of making are introduced, and the horse meat and horse tits are summarized. The third part is the conclusion, which summarizes the content of the thesis. In short, Kazakh horse culture is the main component of Kazakh traditional culture, and is a very valuable intangible cultural heritage. With the rapid development of science and technology, the arrival of the information age and the further expansion of the globalization process, the Kazakh horse culture has been greatly challenged, and the Kazakh horse culture is on the verge of extinction. Therefore, rescuing, protecting, inheriting and utilizing this outstanding intangible cultural heritage is not only of great social significance, but also of great economic benefit.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：伊犁師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H236

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