【摘要】：味覺是人類最基本、最重要的感知能力之一，對(duì)味覺詞的研究即是對(duì)人類認(rèn)知能力研究的一部分。從文獻(xiàn)回顧上看，西方學(xué)者主要從隱喻角度研究味覺詞的映射；國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者從語法、隱喻認(rèn)知和文化等角度進(jìn)行研究。目前單獨(dú)對(duì)“酸”和“sour”的對(duì)比研究不多。本論文收集“酸”和“sour”相關(guān)的語料，運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語言學(xué)的隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻理論，對(duì)“酸”和“sour”的原型詞義和其擴(kuò)展義進(jìn)行細(xì)致的描寫和分析，理清兩個(gè)詞的語義發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，構(gòu)建“酸”和“sour”的原義和其拓展義之間的語義結(jié)構(gòu)。 本論文的語料主要來自權(quán)威的字典和相關(guān)的語料庫，漢語語料主要來源于《現(xiàn)代漢語詞典》、《當(dāng)代漢語字典》、《在線漢語字典》、《在線中華字典》、《在線康熙字典》以及“北大語料庫”。英語語料主要來源于《牛津高階英漢雙解詞典》、《朗文高階英漢雙解詞典》、《朗文當(dāng)代英語詞典》、《牛津英語詞典》、《美國(guó)傳統(tǒng)詞典》、《韋氏在線詞典》、《韋氏詞典》、《詞源在線詞典》和BNC語料庫。 本論文基于語料，運(yùn)用原則性多義詞分析法，描述“酸”和“sour”在語義發(fā)展過程中的共同點(diǎn)和差異。本論文旨在探究“酸”和“sour”在漢英兩種語言中的語義拓展和語言表達(dá)上的異同，闡釋中英文化的差異在語言上的細(xì)膩體現(xiàn)。對(duì)于“酸”和“sour”的語義拓展所呈現(xiàn)的差異，本論文從思維方式、傳統(tǒng)文化、歷史發(fā)展和自然環(huán)境四方面進(jìn)行討論,得出結(jié)論：1）“酸”和“sour”在中英兩種文化中的共性是基于人類相同的身體經(jīng)驗(yàn)；2）差異則反映了思維方式對(duì)語義結(jié)構(gòu)的影響，，傳統(tǒng)文化佛教和科舉制度對(duì)中國(guó)人的影響，歷史的發(fā)展促進(jìn)漢英形成獨(dú)特的表達(dá)，英國(guó)的自然環(huán)境對(duì)“sour”的語義拓展的影響。
[Abstract]:Taste is one of the most basic and important cognitive abilities of human beings. The study of taste words is a part of the study of human cognitive ability. From the perspective of literature review, Western scholars mainly study the mapping of taste words from the perspective of metaphor, while domestic scholars study from the perspectives of grammar, metaphorical cognition and culture. At present, there are few comparative studies on acid and sour alone. This thesis collects the relevant corpus of "sour" and "sour", uses the metaphor and metonymy theory of cognitive linguistics, describes and analyzes the prototype word meaning and its extended meaning of "sour" and "sour" in detail, and clarifies the semantic development of the two words. Construct the semantic structure between the original meaning and the extended meaning of acid and sour. The corpus of this thesis is mainly from authoritative dictionaries and related corpus. Chinese corpus mainly comes from Modern Chinese Dictionary, Contemporary Chinese Dictionary, online Kangxi Dictionary and Peking University Corpus. English corpus mainly comes from Oxford High order English-Chinese Dictionary, Longman Contemporary English Dictionary, Oxford English Dictionary, American traditional Dictionary, Webster online Dictionary, Webster Dictionary, etymological Origin Line Dictionary and BNC Corpus. Based on the corpus, this paper describes the similarities and differences between "acid" and "sour" in the process of semantic development by using the method of principled polysemous analysis. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the similarities and differences of semantic expansion and language expression between "sour" and "sour" in both Chinese and English languages, and to explain the differences between Chinese and English cultures. For the differences in semantic expansion between "acid" and "sour", this paper discusses the way of thinking, traditional culture, historical development and natural environment. The conclusion is that the commonness of "sour" and "sour" in Chinese and British cultures is based on the same human body experience. The difference reflects the influence of thinking mode on semantic structure, and the influence of traditional culture Buddhism and imperial examination system on Chinese. The development of history promotes the formation of unique expressions in Chinese and English, and the influence of the natural environment of Britain on the semantic expansion of "sour".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H136;H313

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本文編號(hào)：2249951