閩南方言的歷史比較及語音構(gòu)擬
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-18 14:55
【摘要】：本研究進行現(xiàn)代閩南方言間的歷史音韻比較,應用歷史比較法,在語音對應規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上重構(gòu)原始閩南語,解釋原始語到現(xiàn)代閩南方言的演變,總結(jié)閩南方言內(nèi)部的創(chuàng)新演變,并與《切韻》系統(tǒng)做比較,找出處于最早時間層次的對應規(guī)律的語素。同時,本文利用“創(chuàng)新特征”、“核心詞保留率”和“同音關(guān)系”等三個標準建構(gòu)閩南方言的譜系樹。本文還給出了處于最早時間層次的語素的重構(gòu)形式及其在各方言的表現(xiàn)形式。 本研究的第一步是內(nèi)部比較,我們建立各個閩南方言之間的語音對應關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫,并在此基礎(chǔ)上擬測現(xiàn)代各個閩南方言的共同源頭,即重構(gòu)原始閩南語。原始語的重構(gòu)包括兩方面的內(nèi)容：一是語音對應規(guī)律的建立及檢驗；二是重構(gòu)原始閩南語,并解釋各方言的演變。在建立語音對應規(guī)律時突出的問題是“一字多音”這種異讀現(xiàn)象,我們嘗試提出一種解決方案,即結(jié)合詞匯條件分析,用不同字音所處的詞匯環(huán)境的不同來解決這個問題。本文分別從“概率檢驗”、“文白異讀”、“互補的對應規(guī)律”及“方言內(nèi)部的擴散式音變”等四個方面來檢驗對應規(guī)律的性質(zhì),并在內(nèi)部比較的過程中靈活參照《切韻》音系。 本研究的第二步是外部比較,將原始閩南語與《切韻》音系進行比較,一方面找出處于最早時間層次上的對應規(guī)律,將處于較晚時間層次的語素加以排除；另一方面可以更加直觀地了解原始閩南語的演變。 本研究的第三步是利用“創(chuàng)新特征”、“核心詞保留率”和“同音關(guān)系”等三個標準進行六個閩南方言的親緣分群研究。利用“創(chuàng)新特征”所得出的譜系樹較為符合移民史的記載。這一步建立在嚴格的對應以及與《切韻》比較的基礎(chǔ)上,以便盡可能排除晚期借用層次對親緣關(guān)系研究的干擾。 本文的貢獻有以下四點： 第一,系統(tǒng)地調(diào)查了尚未有任何描寫材料的潮南臚崗鎮(zhèn)方言,詳細記錄了該方言的聲韻調(diào)系統(tǒng)及相應的詞匯條件。同時,利用現(xiàn)有的五個方言點的材料,建立了六個閩南方言之間的語音對應數(shù)據(jù)庫,為今后大規(guī)模的比較研究提供了扎實的語料基礎(chǔ)。 第二,在普遍對應、完全對應的嚴格限制下,本文重構(gòu)了原始閩南語,通過重構(gòu)原始語的語音形式解釋了原始閩南語到現(xiàn)代六個閩南方言的演變。 第三,本文將原始閩南語與《切韻》音系進行了對比研究,排除了處于晚期對應層次的語素,給出了938個原始閩南語的語素的構(gòu)擬形式,并選擇最早時間層次的語音信息進行閩南方言的親緣分群研究。第四,本文利用“創(chuàng)新特征”、“核心詞保留率”、“同音關(guān)系差異率”等三個標準建構(gòu)了閩南方言的親緣譜系樹,其中,運用18項最早時間層次上的創(chuàng)新特征與高階100核心詞保留率所得出的譜系樹一致,澄海、潮南方言為一群,廈門、泉州、漳平、漳州為一群,其中泉州、廈門的關(guān)系最近,漳平相對較近,漳州的關(guān)系最遠。
[Abstract]:This study compares the historical phonology of modern southern Fujian dialects, reconstructs the original southern Fujian Dialect on the basis of the phonetic correspondence law, explains the evolution from the original language to the modern southern Fujian dialect, summarizes the innovative evolution within the southern Fujian dialect, and compares it with the Qieyun system to find out the corresponding law at the earliest time level. At the same time, the pedigree tree of Minnan dialect is constructed by using the three criteria of "innovative features", "retention rate of core words" and "homonymy relationship". The reconstructed form of morpheme at the earliest time level and its representation in various dialects are also given.
The first step of this study is the internal comparison. On this basis, we try to reconstruct the original Minnan dialect, which is the common source of each modern Minnan dialect. The prominent problem in establishing the corresponding rules of pronunciation is the phenomenon of "one word and many pronunciations". We try to put forward a solution, that is, combining with the analysis of vocabulary conditions, we can solve this problem by using different vocabulary environments of different pronunciations. This paper examines the nature of the corresponding laws from four aspects: white reading, complementary corresponding rules and diffuse phonetic changes within dialects, and flexibly refers to the phonology of "Qieyun" in the process of internal comparison.
The second step of this study is to compare the original Minnan dialect with the phonology of Qieyun. On the one hand, we can find out the corresponding rules at the earliest time level and exclude the morphemes at the later time level. On the other hand, we can understand the evolution of the original Minnan dialect more intuitively.
The third step of this study is to use the three criteria of "innovation feature", "core word retention rate" and "homonymy relationship" to study the kinship grouping of six southern Fujian dialects. In order to eliminate the interference from the late borrowing level to the study of kinship.
The contributions of this paper include the following four points:
Firstly, this paper systematically investigates the Mangangzhen dialect in Chaonan without any descriptive materials, and records the phonological system and corresponding vocabulary conditions of the dialect in detail. At the same time, using the existing materials of five dialect points, a phonetic correspondence database between six Minnan dialects is established, which provides a solid foundation for the large-scale comparative study in the future. Corpus based.
Secondly, under the strict restriction of universal correspondence and complete correspondence, this paper reconstructs the original Minnan dialect and explains the evolution from the original Minnan dialect to the six modern Minnan dialects by reconstructing the phonetic forms of the original Minnan dialect.
Thirdly, this paper makes a comparative study of the primitive Minnan dialect and the phonological system of Qieyun, excluding the morphemes at the later corresponding levels, giving out the morpheme construction forms of 938 primitive Minnan dialects, and choosing the earliest phonetic information to study the kinship grouping of Minnan dialects. Three criteria, word retention rate and homonym difference rate, have been used to construct the phylogenetic tree of Minnan dialect. Among them, 18 earliest innovative features at the time level are used to coincide with the phylogenetic tree of the high-order 100-core word retention rate. Chenghai, Chaonan dialect is a group, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangping and Zhangzhou are a group, including Quanzhou and Xiamen. Recently, Zhangping is relatively close, and Zhangzhou has the most distant relationship.
【學位授予單位】：北京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H177.2
本文編號：2248267
[Abstract]:This study compares the historical phonology of modern southern Fujian dialects, reconstructs the original southern Fujian Dialect on the basis of the phonetic correspondence law, explains the evolution from the original language to the modern southern Fujian dialect, summarizes the innovative evolution within the southern Fujian dialect, and compares it with the Qieyun system to find out the corresponding law at the earliest time level. At the same time, the pedigree tree of Minnan dialect is constructed by using the three criteria of "innovative features", "retention rate of core words" and "homonymy relationship". The reconstructed form of morpheme at the earliest time level and its representation in various dialects are also given.
The first step of this study is the internal comparison. On this basis, we try to reconstruct the original Minnan dialect, which is the common source of each modern Minnan dialect. The prominent problem in establishing the corresponding rules of pronunciation is the phenomenon of "one word and many pronunciations". We try to put forward a solution, that is, combining with the analysis of vocabulary conditions, we can solve this problem by using different vocabulary environments of different pronunciations. This paper examines the nature of the corresponding laws from four aspects: white reading, complementary corresponding rules and diffuse phonetic changes within dialects, and flexibly refers to the phonology of "Qieyun" in the process of internal comparison.
The second step of this study is to compare the original Minnan dialect with the phonology of Qieyun. On the one hand, we can find out the corresponding rules at the earliest time level and exclude the morphemes at the later time level. On the other hand, we can understand the evolution of the original Minnan dialect more intuitively.
The third step of this study is to use the three criteria of "innovation feature", "core word retention rate" and "homonymy relationship" to study the kinship grouping of six southern Fujian dialects. In order to eliminate the interference from the late borrowing level to the study of kinship.
The contributions of this paper include the following four points:
Firstly, this paper systematically investigates the Mangangzhen dialect in Chaonan without any descriptive materials, and records the phonological system and corresponding vocabulary conditions of the dialect in detail. At the same time, using the existing materials of five dialect points, a phonetic correspondence database between six Minnan dialects is established, which provides a solid foundation for the large-scale comparative study in the future. Corpus based.
Secondly, under the strict restriction of universal correspondence and complete correspondence, this paper reconstructs the original Minnan dialect and explains the evolution from the original Minnan dialect to the six modern Minnan dialects by reconstructing the phonetic forms of the original Minnan dialect.
Thirdly, this paper makes a comparative study of the primitive Minnan dialect and the phonological system of Qieyun, excluding the morphemes at the later corresponding levels, giving out the morpheme construction forms of 938 primitive Minnan dialects, and choosing the earliest phonetic information to study the kinship grouping of Minnan dialects. Three criteria, word retention rate and homonym difference rate, have been used to construct the phylogenetic tree of Minnan dialect. Among them, 18 earliest innovative features at the time level are used to coincide with the phylogenetic tree of the high-order 100-core word retention rate. Chenghai, Chaonan dialect is a group, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangping and Zhangzhou are a group, including Quanzhou and Xiamen. Recently, Zhangping is relatively close, and Zhangzhou has the most distant relationship.
【學位授予單位】：北京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H177.2
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