【摘要】：從1961年朱德熙先生的《說“的”》開始,學(xué)術(shù)界對于漢語中“的”字詞組的研究可謂百家爭鳴,百花齊放。然而,半個多世紀(jì)過去了,學(xué)者們對“的”字詞組的句法地位及句法特征仍難達(dá)成共識,且對“的”字的句法解釋大都停留在語義學(xué)的層面�？上驳氖�,在相伴而行的半個多世紀(jì)里,喬姆斯基的生成語法也得到了長足的發(fā)展,這為漢語的句法研究指明了一條新的道路。此外,在生成語法近期的理論發(fā)展階段,人們已經(jīng)充分意識到分句與名詞性詞組之間的平行關(guān)系,這又為漢語名詞性詞組的研究創(chuàng)造了有利條件。 本文旨在應(yīng)用生成語法的最新成果——語段理論來研究漢語的“的”字結(jié)構(gòu),重點(diǎn)討論“的”字詞組中的所有格結(jié)構(gòu)[NP的XP],以期給“的”字結(jié)構(gòu)的研究帶來新的思路。本文主要通過以下幾個觀點(diǎn)展開：(1)漢語中有許多不同的“的”,雖然它們具有相同的文字形式與語音形式,但是它們不論在句法層面還是語義層面都是完全不同的,因此用一個統(tǒng)一的方法來分析是不可行的；(2)漢語的“的”字所有格結(jié)構(gòu)與小句的句法結(jié)構(gòu)具有高度的統(tǒng)一性,“的”字詞組本身是一個名詞性投射DP,與小句中的CP相對應(yīng),“的”字引導(dǎo)一個獨(dú)立的投射FP,與小句中的TP相對應(yīng)；(3)FP是一個具有典型名詞性特征的投射,中心F(即所有格結(jié)構(gòu)中的“的”字)選擇一個同樣具有名詞性的nP作為它的補(bǔ)足語(complement),并且“的”的句法位置是介于DP與nP中間；(4)n選擇一個具有名詞性的詞組NP作為它的補(bǔ)足語,且“的”字詞組中存在一個隱性的n作為名詞性轉(zhuǎn)換機(jī)制,能將非名詞性的詞組XP轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞性的NP,以便被n所選擇；(5)與動詞詞組一樣,漢語名詞所有格結(jié)構(gòu)中也擁有至少兩個語段,即*DP-FP-*nP-NP。 最后,本文試圖通過應(yīng)用語段理論來對漢語及其他幾種語言的所有格結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行句法分析,如日語,英語,韓語,以及土耳其語等,以期對應(yīng)用生成語法理論研究漢語起到拋磚引玉的作用。然而,名詞性研究終究是個很深的學(xué)問,在這有限的篇幅中,仍然有許多問題沒有涉及或解決,還需在未來進(jìn)行更深入地探討與研究。
[Abstract]:The academic research on the phrase "said" in Chinese can be described as "a hundred schools of thought" and "a hundred flowers blossom" since 1961's "said" by Zhu Dexi. However, after more than half a century, it is still difficult for scholars to reach a consensus on the syntactic status and syntactic characteristics of the word phrase, and the syntactic interpretation of the word is mostly at the level of semantics. Fortunately, Chomsky's generative grammar has made great progress in the past half century, which indicates a new way for the study of Chinese syntax. In addition, in the recent theoretical development of generative grammar, people have fully realized the parallel relationship between clauses and nominal phrases, which has created favorable conditions for the study of Chinese nominal phrases. The purpose of this paper is to apply segment theory, the latest achievement of generative grammar, to study the "word structure" in Chinese, focusing on the possessive case structure in the word phrase [NP's XP], in order to bring new ideas to the study of "NP" word structure. This thesis is mainly based on the following points of view: (1) there are many different forms in Chinese. Although they have the same text form and phonetic form, they are completely different in syntax and semantic level. Therefore, it is not feasible to use a unified method to analyze it. (2) the "word possessive case structure" and the syntactic structure of the clause are highly unified, and the phrase itself is a nominally projected DP, corresponding to the CP in the clause. The word "FP" leads an independent projection FP, to correspond to the TP in the clause; (3) FP is a projection with typical nominal characteristics, The syntactic position of center F (the word "in the possessive case structure) is between DP and nP by choosing a similarly nominal nP as its complement (complement),. (4) n chooses a noun phrase NP as its complement, and there exists a recessive n as the noun conversion mechanism in the "noun" phrase, which can transform the non-noun phrase XP into the nominal NP, so as to be selected by n; (5) like verb phrases, there are at least two segments in the noun possessive case structure, that is, DP-FP-nP-NPP. Finally, this paper attempts to analyze the possessive structures of Chinese and several other languages by using the theory of segment, such as Japanese, English, Korean, Turkish and so on. In order to apply generative grammar theory to study Chinese play an important role. However, nominal research is a deep knowledge, in this limited space, there are still many problems have not been addressed or solved, but also need to be further explored and studied in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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本文編號：2228784