《現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞典》（第6版）中有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式的研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-05 08:12
【摘要】：被動(dòng)式屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的句式，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)受事主語(yǔ)的移情。但在客觀分析詞語(yǔ)意義和用法的辭書(shū)釋義中也往往會(huì)用到被動(dòng)式。這種矛盾對(duì)立使得探求辭書(shū)釋義語(yǔ)言中被動(dòng)式使用的動(dòng)因和句法語(yǔ)義特點(diǎn)變得非常有必要。有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中是一個(gè)非常值得深入研究的結(jié)構(gòu)，不僅因?yàn)樗霈F(xiàn)的環(huán)境十分廣泛，在口語(yǔ)體、書(shū)面語(yǔ)體、新聞?wù)Z體、包括我們即將探討的辭書(shū)語(yǔ)體中都可以出現(xiàn)，而且同一結(jié)構(gòu)（有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式）在不同語(yǔ)體中表現(xiàn)出不同的使用規(guī)律。本文旨在通過(guò)對(duì)《現(xiàn)漢》（第6版）釋義語(yǔ)言中有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式的研究來(lái)分析上述問(wèn)題。 《現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞典》是我國(guó)在辭書(shū)理論、編纂水平、編校質(zhì)量上均達(dá)到頂尖水平的現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)規(guī)范性詞典。其學(xué)術(shù)性、權(quán)威性、系統(tǒng)性是其它同類(lèi)型辭書(shū)無(wú)法比肩的。對(duì)《現(xiàn)漢》研究的意義不僅在于認(rèn)識(shí)與了解其優(yōu)勢(shì)與些許不足，更在于對(duì)詞典編纂研究的深入。目前對(duì)《現(xiàn)漢》辭書(shū)元語(yǔ)言的研究也很多，對(duì)漢語(yǔ)本體中的被動(dòng)式研究較為充分，但是還缺乏針對(duì)《現(xiàn)漢》釋義語(yǔ)言中有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式進(jìn)行集中系統(tǒng)的分析和考察。 本文將以《現(xiàn)漢》（第6版）這部經(jīng)典辭書(shū)作為語(yǔ)料來(lái)源，全面研究辭書(shū)元語(yǔ)言中有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式，采用統(tǒng)計(jì)、分析、對(duì)比相結(jié)合的方法，對(duì)釋義語(yǔ)言中有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的描寫(xiě)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)辭書(shū)語(yǔ)體中使用被動(dòng)式是和被釋詞語(yǔ)義特征、突顯話(huà)題、話(huà)題連續(xù)等因素密切相關(guān)的；我們還將《現(xiàn)漢》中包含有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式的詞條和被動(dòng)標(biāo)志后的結(jié)構(gòu)均作了分類(lèi)統(tǒng)計(jì)，發(fā)現(xiàn)辭書(shū)語(yǔ)體中的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)和其他語(yǔ)體相似，大部分是抑制施事的。同時(shí)，在最后一章我們將把《現(xiàn)漢》（第6版）中含有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式的詞條與第5版中相應(yīng)的詞條作對(duì)比，發(fā)現(xiàn)第6版中有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式較之第5版有所增加，進(jìn)而得出第6版的釋義語(yǔ)言從語(yǔ)用方面更符合邏輯的結(jié)論。 本研究將根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)辭書(shū)元語(yǔ)言理論、現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法、釋義學(xué)等理論，從權(quán)威的現(xiàn)實(shí)材料——《現(xiàn)漢》入手，提取有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式的集合。在前人對(duì)不同語(yǔ)體中被動(dòng)式研究的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步拓展，將被動(dòng)式在《現(xiàn)漢》中相關(guān)的句法語(yǔ)義語(yǔ)用問(wèn)題的真實(shí)面貌呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。包括被動(dòng)式在《現(xiàn)漢》中分布的情況、《現(xiàn)漢》中被動(dòng)式施事總體傾向于隱藏、謂詞要求施事的意愿性較為客觀等等,與其他語(yǔ)體使用被動(dòng)式的動(dòng)因不盡相同，，辭書(shū)語(yǔ)體中使用被動(dòng)式是為了體現(xiàn)被釋詞所具有的被動(dòng)的語(yǔ)義特征和滿(mǎn)足釋義語(yǔ)言語(yǔ)篇連貫，銜接前后文的要求。通過(guò)第6版中的有標(biāo)志被動(dòng)式與第5版中的作對(duì)比我們發(fā)現(xiàn)第6版的釋義語(yǔ)言更多使用被動(dòng)式，通過(guò)使用被動(dòng)式來(lái)體現(xiàn)被釋詞的語(yǔ)義特征、突出話(huà)題、銜接上下語(yǔ)篇，進(jìn)一步達(dá)到釋義語(yǔ)言更貼切更容易理解的目的。
[Abstract]:The passive type is a subjective sentence pattern, which indicates the speaker's empathy to the subject. But passive forms are often used in dictionaries that objectively analyze the meaning and usage of words. This contradiction makes it necessary to explore the motivations and syntactic and semantic characteristics of passive use in lexicographic interpretation. The marked passive form is a structure worthy of further study in modern Chinese, not only because it appears in a very wide range of environments, but also in colloquial style, written style, news style, including the dictionary style that we are about to explore. And the same structure (marked passive) shows different rules of use in different language styles. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the above problems through the study of the marked passive form in the interpretive language of "present Chinese" (6th edition). The Modern Chinese Dictionary is a lexical theory and compilation level in China. Modern Chinese normative dictionaries with the highest quality of editing and correction. Its academic, authoritative, systematic is other similar type of dictionaries can not be compared. The significance of the study lies not only in the understanding and understanding of its advantages and disadvantages, but also in the further study of dictionary compilation. At present, there are a lot of researches on the lexical metalanguage of "present Chinese", and the study of passive form in Chinese ontology is more adequate, but there is still a lack of centralized analysis and investigation on the "sign" passive form in the "present Chinese" interpretation language. In this paper, the classic dictionaries "present Han" (6th edition) will be taken as the source of the corpus, and the marked passive form in the metalanguage of the dictionaries will be studied in an all-round way, and the methods of combining statistics, analysis and comparison will be adopted. Based on the systematic description and analysis of the marked passive form in the interpreted language, it is found that the use of passive form in the lexical style is closely related to the semantic features of the words and expressions being interpreted, highlighting the topic and the continuity of the topic. We also classify the passive and passive structures in present Han, and find that the passive structures in the lexical style are similar to those in other languages, and most of them are restraining agents. At the same time, in the last chapter, we will compare the entries in "present Han" (sixth edition) with the corresponding entries in the fifth edition, and find that there is an increase in the sign passive form in the sixth edition compared with the fifth edition. Then the sixth edition of the interpretation of language from the pragmatic aspects of more logical conclusion. According to the theory of Chinese dictionaries metalanguage, modern Chinese grammar, interpretation and so on, this study will extract the marked passive set from the authoritative realistic material, "Xianhan". On the basis of the previous researches on passive forms in different languages, the real appearance of syntactic and semantic pragmatic problems related to passive forms in present Chinese is presented. Including the distribution of passive form in "present Han", the passive agent in < present Han > tends to hide generally, the predicate requires the willingness of agent to be objective and so on, which is different from the motivation of using passive type in other languages. The passive form is used in the lexical style to reflect the passive semantic features of the interpreted words and to meet the requirements of discourse coherence and cohesion in the paraphrasing language. By comparing the marked passive form in the sixth edition with the one in the fifth edition, we find that the interpretation language of the sixth edition is more passive, and the semantic features of the interpreted words are reflected by the passive type, the topic is highlighted, and the text is connected up and down. Further the purpose of interpreting language is more appropriate and easier to understand.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H164;H146.3
本文編號(hào)：2223696
[Abstract]:The passive type is a subjective sentence pattern, which indicates the speaker's empathy to the subject. But passive forms are often used in dictionaries that objectively analyze the meaning and usage of words. This contradiction makes it necessary to explore the motivations and syntactic and semantic characteristics of passive use in lexicographic interpretation. The marked passive form is a structure worthy of further study in modern Chinese, not only because it appears in a very wide range of environments, but also in colloquial style, written style, news style, including the dictionary style that we are about to explore. And the same structure (marked passive) shows different rules of use in different language styles. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the above problems through the study of the marked passive form in the interpretive language of "present Chinese" (6th edition). The Modern Chinese Dictionary is a lexical theory and compilation level in China. Modern Chinese normative dictionaries with the highest quality of editing and correction. Its academic, authoritative, systematic is other similar type of dictionaries can not be compared. The significance of the study lies not only in the understanding and understanding of its advantages and disadvantages, but also in the further study of dictionary compilation. At present, there are a lot of researches on the lexical metalanguage of "present Chinese", and the study of passive form in Chinese ontology is more adequate, but there is still a lack of centralized analysis and investigation on the "sign" passive form in the "present Chinese" interpretation language. In this paper, the classic dictionaries "present Han" (6th edition) will be taken as the source of the corpus, and the marked passive form in the metalanguage of the dictionaries will be studied in an all-round way, and the methods of combining statistics, analysis and comparison will be adopted. Based on the systematic description and analysis of the marked passive form in the interpreted language, it is found that the use of passive form in the lexical style is closely related to the semantic features of the words and expressions being interpreted, highlighting the topic and the continuity of the topic. We also classify the passive and passive structures in present Han, and find that the passive structures in the lexical style are similar to those in other languages, and most of them are restraining agents. At the same time, in the last chapter, we will compare the entries in "present Han" (sixth edition) with the corresponding entries in the fifth edition, and find that there is an increase in the sign passive form in the sixth edition compared with the fifth edition. Then the sixth edition of the interpretation of language from the pragmatic aspects of more logical conclusion. According to the theory of Chinese dictionaries metalanguage, modern Chinese grammar, interpretation and so on, this study will extract the marked passive set from the authoritative realistic material, "Xianhan". On the basis of the previous researches on passive forms in different languages, the real appearance of syntactic and semantic pragmatic problems related to passive forms in present Chinese is presented. Including the distribution of passive form in "present Han", the passive agent in < present Han > tends to hide generally, the predicate requires the willingness of agent to be objective and so on, which is different from the motivation of using passive type in other languages. The passive form is used in the lexical style to reflect the passive semantic features of the interpreted words and to meet the requirements of discourse coherence and cohesion in the paraphrasing language. By comparing the marked passive form in the sixth edition with the one in the fifth edition, we find that the interpretation language of the sixth edition is more passive, and the semantic features of the interpreted words are reflected by the passive type, the topic is highlighted, and the text is connected up and down. Further the purpose of interpreting language is more appropriate and easier to understand.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H164;H146.3
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前4條
1 張伯江;;被字句和把字句的對(duì)稱(chēng)與不對(duì)稱(chēng)[J];中國(guó)語(yǔ)文;2001年06期
2 張伯江;;施事角色的語(yǔ)用屬性[J];中國(guó)語(yǔ)文;2002年06期
3 宋文輝;;主觀性與施事的意愿性強(qiáng)度[J];中國(guó)語(yǔ)文;2005年06期
4 宋文輝;羅政靜;于景超;;現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)被動(dòng)句施事隱現(xiàn)的計(jì)量分析[J];中國(guó)語(yǔ)文;2007年02期
本文編號(hào)：2223696
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/wenyilunwen/yuyanxuelw/2223696.html
最近更新
教材專(zhuān)著
