【摘要】：本文以19世紀中期的官話題材文獻《官話口語語法》（AGrammar of theChinese Colloquial Language）的詞法和句法部分為研究對象，對詞法、句法進行了探討和研究，旨在通過對其框架和特點的細致描寫，理解艾約瑟的語法觀，進一步了解當(dāng)時的口語語法面貌。 文章分為緒論、《官話口語語法》的語素及詞的分析、《官話口語語法》的句法研究、《官話口語語法》的評價與結(jié)語及附錄四個部分。整個體系按照艾約瑟的描述方法層層推進，旨在還原艾約瑟的語法思路，故內(nèi)容安排如下： 緒論部分首先對艾約瑟的生平及主要思想、作品做了介紹，交代了目前國內(nèi)外關(guān)于《官話口語語法》的研究概況，并介紹了《官話口語語法》語料、研究意義，將其定位為一本理論性強的對外漢語教材。 《官話口語語法》的詞類有十一類，艾約瑟對各詞類的形態(tài)及語法范疇進行了說明，，并列舉了大量的例句，本章梳理了艾約瑟所描述的詞類的主要特點，并結(jié)合現(xiàn)代漢語做了簡單評價。 詞類和句法雖然是分立的兩章，但是二者聯(lián)系密切，艾約瑟按照由詞到句的思路，對句子的產(chǎn)生及分類做了描寫，雖然句法一章在整部書中所占比例較小，但卻是十分重要的，尤其是修辭部分，前人很少重視過。 第四章總結(jié)了在本文中得到的結(jié)論及啟示，將客觀的對《官話口語語法》做出評價，首先要肯定的是《官話口語語法》對漢語語法的描寫是立足于漢語實際的，但它仍是一部套用西方語法體系的著述，因此在詞、句概念等方面上有混淆。 附錄一、二分別為《官話口語語法》的前言部分和語法部分的翻譯。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the lexical and syntactic parts of (AGrammar of theChinese Colloquial Language), the official language literature in the middle of 19th century, are taken as the object of study. The purpose of this study is to describe the structure and characteristics of the lexical and syntactic parts in detail. Understand Joseph's grammatical outlook and further understand the grammatical features of spoken English at that time. The article is divided into four parts: introduction, analysis of morpheme and word in spoken grammar of Mandarin, syntactic study of spoken grammar of Mandarin, evaluation and conclusion of spoken grammar of official dialect and appendix. The whole system is pushed forward in accordance with the description method of Joseph in order to restore the grammatical thinking of Joseph, so the content is arranged as follows: the introduction part first introduces the life and main ideas, works of Joseph. This paper gives an overview of the research on spoken grammar of official dialect at home and abroad, and introduces the corpus of spoken grammar of official dialect, and the significance of the research. There are eleven categories of parts of speech. Joseph explains the morphology and grammatical categories of the parts of speech, and enumerates a large number of examples. This chapter combs the main features of parts of speech described by Joseph and makes a brief evaluation of modern Chinese. Although part of speech and syntax are two separate chapters, they are closely related. According to the idea of word to sentence, Joseph describes the generation and classification of sentences. Although the syntactic chapter accounts for a small proportion in the whole book, it is very important. Especially in rhetoric, the predecessors seldom paid attention to it. The fourth chapter summarizes the conclusions and revelations obtained in this paper, and makes an objective evaluation of Oral Grammar in Mandarin. The first thing to be sure is that the description of Chinese grammar is based on the reality of Chinese. However, it is still a work which applies the western grammar system, so there is confusion in terms of words and sentences. Appendix one and two are the translation of preface and grammar respectively.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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