【摘要】：對(duì)意向性問題的探究,歷來都受到諸多哲學(xué)家,尤其是受到語言分析哲學(xué)家的青睞,塞爾就是其中的典型代表：“意向性的問題把當(dāng)代哲學(xué)中的兩個(gè)最中心的問題聯(lián)系起來：第一,‘語言怎樣與實(shí)在相關(guān)聯(lián)’(這是所有語言哲學(xué)家都以這種或那種方式涉及的問題)?第二,‘什么是人類行為的本質(zhì)?什么是解釋一個(gè)行動(dòng)?為什么自然科學(xué)的方法不可能在人類行為的研究中引起那類他們已經(jīng)在其他地方成功的結(jié)果?’這兩類常見的問題都匯合于意圖性的難題上來了�！雹僭谌麪柨磥�,意向性是表達(dá)一個(gè)完整言語行為的前提,說話者通過言語行為的意向性傳達(dá)其意義,換言之,意向性是構(gòu)成完美言語的骨骼,并與其有著深層的關(guān)聯(lián)性。人們通過語言或肢體進(jìn)行交流、利用符號(hào)或工具傳遞信息,并非是因?yàn)樗麄儽旧砗心撤N意義而是因?yàn)樗麄兙哂幸庀蛐浴?文章主要分為三個(gè)部分來進(jìn)行闡述： 第一章主要對(duì)意向性問題的歷史路徑進(jìn)行了梳理,詳盡的闡述了從古希臘樸素的意向性追問到塞爾意向性問題的提出,對(duì)意向性問題的基本發(fā)展脈絡(luò)進(jìn)行了完整的把握。 第二章是本文的重點(diǎn),主要對(duì)塞爾言語行為中意向性問題的基本內(nèi)容進(jìn)行全面的分析,具體論述了塞爾意向性理論對(duì)前人的超越與確立,分析了塞爾言語行為與意向性的關(guān)聯(lián),從根本意義上對(duì)塞爾意向性問題進(jìn)行把握。 第三章主要闡述了塞爾意向性問題的獨(dú)特性與理論意義,具體包括集體意向性與社會(huì)實(shí)在、自然主義立場(chǎng)的意向性歸屬等,并對(duì)塞爾意向性問題存在的不足進(jìn)行了分析,指出了塞爾意向性理論的價(jià)值意義所在。最后為結(jié)語。
[Abstract]:The exploration of intentionality has always been favored by many philosophers, especially by the philosophers of language analysis. Searle is a typical example: "the question of intentionality connects two of the most central issues in contemporary philosophy: first, 'how does language relate to reality' (a problem that all linguistic philosophers have dealt with in one way or another)? What is the nature of human behavior? What is an action to explain? Why can't natural science methods lead to such results in the study of human behavior as they have already succeeded elsewhere?' Both of these common questions converge on the conundrum of intent. "1 in Searle's view, intentionality is the premise of expressing a complete speech act, and the speaker conveys its meaning through the intentionality of the speech act, in other words, Intentionality is the skeleton which constitutes perfect speech and has deep relation with it. People communicate through language or body and use symbols or tools to convey information, not because they have some meaning, but because they have intention. The article is mainly divided into three parts to elaborate: the first chapter mainly combed the historical path of the problem of intentionality, elaborated from the simple intentionality of ancient Greece to the question of Searle's intentionality. The basic development of the intention of the problem of a complete grasp of the context. The second chapter is the focus of this paper, mainly analyzes the basic content of intentionality in Searle's speech act, discusses the transcendence and establishment of Searle's intentionality theory to predecessors, and analyzes the relation between Searle's speech act and intentionality. In a fundamental sense, the author grasps the problem of Searle's intentionality. The third chapter mainly expounds the uniqueness and theoretical significance of Searle's intentionality, including collective intentionality and social reality, intentionality attribution of naturalism and so on, and analyzes the shortcomings of Searle's intentionality. The value meaning of Searle's intentionality theory is pointed out. The last is the conclusion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H0

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