【摘要】：所有人類語言都具有肯定和否定結(jié)構(gòu)。一般來說,肯定結(jié)構(gòu)用來表達肯定含義,而否定結(jié)構(gòu)用來表達否定含義。然而許多否定結(jié)構(gòu)也會被用來表達肯定含義。本論文在仔細搜集語料之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些常用的此類構(gòu)式。而構(gòu)式語法在解釋新穎、邊緣化的語言現(xiàn)象時具有較為突出的優(yōu)勢,本論文就將從構(gòu)式語法的角度對此類構(gòu)式展開分析。文中涉及的語料主要來源于當代美語語料庫及北京大學(xué)在線語料庫。這些構(gòu)式可歸類為三組:雙重否定構(gòu)式、反問構(gòu)式及包含冗余否定的構(gòu)式。本文將從句法、語義、語用方面對相關(guān)構(gòu)式進行分析,并試圖探索其認知和生成機制,以發(fā)現(xiàn)此類語言現(xiàn)象背后的動因。作者通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了此類構(gòu)式的一般特征,并發(fā)現(xiàn)在英語和漢語中存在著一些在句法構(gòu)成和語義方面都相對應(yīng)的構(gòu)式。此外,這些構(gòu)式一般有兩大語用功能,或者作為肯定強調(diào)語,或者作為委婉語。圖形背景理論可用來解釋此類構(gòu)式的認知機制�？隙ň湟话惚硎臼录陌l(fā)生,被當作圖形;而否定句則被當作背景。所以當會話中使用否定句而非肯定句時,否定表達便脫離背景而變?yōu)閳D形,如此也吸引了更多注意力,引發(fā)了更多的思考。本文將對英語教學(xué)及翻譯具有一定的參考價值,能夠幫助語言學(xué)習者了解更多英語和漢語之間的異同點。此外,我們希望本研究可以對傳統(tǒng)研究有所幫助,并吸引更多中外學(xué)者投入到這方面的研究中。
[Abstract]:All human languages have positive and negative structures. Generally speaking, the positive structure is used to express the positive meaning, while the negative structure is used to express the negative meaning. However, many negative structures are also used to express positive meanings. After carefully collecting the corpus, this thesis finds some commonly used constructions. Construction grammar has more advantages in explaining novel and marginalized language phenomena. This thesis will analyze this kind of constructions from the perspective of construction grammar. The data in this paper mainly come from the contemporary American corpus and Peking University online corpus. These constructions can be classified into three groups: double negative constructions, reflexive constructions and constructions containing redundant negatives. This paper will analyze the related constructions from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects, and try to explore their cognitive and generative mechanisms in order to find out the motivations behind these linguistic phenomena. The author finds out the general features of this kind of constructions and finds that there are some corresponding constructions in English and Chinese in syntactic and semantic aspects. In addition, these constructions generally have two pragmatic functions, either as positive emphases or as euphemisms. The graphic background theory can be used to explain the cognitive mechanism of this kind of construction. Positive sentences generally denote the occurrence of events and are regarded as graphics, while negative sentences are used as background. Therefore, when negative sentences are used instead of positive sentences in conversation, negative expressions become graphics instead of background, which also attract more attention and lead to more thinking. This paper will be of some reference value for English teaching and translation, and can help language learners to understand more similarities and differences between English and Chinese. In addition, we hope this study can be helpful to traditional research and attract more Chinese and foreign scholars to study in this field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H146.3;H314.3

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本文編號：2149593