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基于語料庫的漢語感謝言語行為研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-07-27 14:38
【摘要】:感謝言語行為是人們?nèi)粘I钪胁豢苫蛉钡囊豁?xiàng)交際活動(dòng),同時(shí),它也是融洽人與人之間關(guān)系的一種常見的禮貌行為。作為漢文化中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象,感謝言語行為有著多種多樣的表現(xiàn)形式和功能,其使用者的策略也不盡相同。 本文采用語料庫方法對漢語感謝言語行為進(jìn)行分析,所選用的語料庫是漢語本族語者語料庫—北京大學(xué)漢語語料庫,在總結(jié)前人對漢語感謝言語行為的研究基礎(chǔ)上,通過對漢語語料庫的數(shù)據(jù)分析,從而找出漢語感謝語的不同句法結(jié)構(gòu)、使用者的策略和體現(xiàn)的功能,使大家對漢語感謝言語行為有更深地了解。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn):1)漢語感謝語的句法結(jié)構(gòu)主要體現(xiàn)在詞匯層面和句子層面,詞匯層面包括簡單致謝、加強(qiáng)語氣的致謝和帶賓語的致謝,而句子層面則分為陳述句、感嘆句和疑問句;2)顯性致謝語和隱性致謝語是漢語常用的兩種策略,后者細(xì)分為五種策略:關(guān)心式、道歉式、責(zé)備式、假設(shè)式和稱贊式;3)漢語感謝語有四個(gè)方面的功能:表示感謝、表示委婉的拒絕、表示諷刺和表示結(jié)束語;4)顯性致謝語的使用遠(yuǎn)超過隱性致謝語,,因?yàn)楦兄x語的使用受文化因素的影響,漢文化更注重人與人之間的關(guān)系,故而感謝用語更為禮貌。 本項(xiàng)研究從理論上促進(jìn)了言語行為理論和面子理論的研究,從實(shí)踐上豐富了大家對感謝言語行為的了解。適宜地使用感謝語有著重要的意義,故而我們有必要了解漢語感謝語的正確用法,以利于避免交際失誤帶來的尷尬,從而建立和維護(hù)好各方的交際關(guān)系,更好地進(jìn)行交流。
[Abstract]:The speech act of gratitude is an indispensable communicative activity in people's daily life. At the same time, it is also a kind of common politeness behavior which harmonizes the relationship between people. As a common phenomenon in Chinese culture, the speech act of gratitude has a variety of forms and functions, and the strategies of its users are different. In this paper, the corpus method is used to analyze the speech acts of gratitude in Chinese. The selected corpus is the Chinese native speaker corpus-Peking University Chinese Corpus. On the basis of summarizing the previous researches on the speech acts of gratitude in Chinese, this paper analyzes the speech acts of gratitude in Chinese. By analyzing the data of the Chinese corpus, we can find out the different syntactic structure, the user's strategy and the function of the Chinese thanking language, so that we can have a better understanding of the speech act of Chinese thanks. It is found that the syntactic structure of Chinese thank-you is mainly at the lexical level and sentence level. The lexical level includes simple thanks, thanks with emphasis and thanks with object, while the sentence level is divided into declarative sentences, exclamatory sentences and interrogative sentences. 2) explicit thanks and implicit acknowledgements are two common strategies in Chinese. The latter is divided into five strategies: concern, apology, reproach, hypothesis and praise. The use of explicit words of thanks is far greater than that of implicit words of thanks, because the use of words of thanks is influenced by cultural factors, and the Chinese culture pays more attention to the relationship between people. It is therefore more polite to say thank you. This study promotes the theory of speech act and the theory of face theoretically, and enriches the understanding of speech act of gratitude in practice. It is necessary to understand the correct usage of thank-you language in order to avoid the embarrassment caused by the mistakes of communication, so as to establish and maintain the communication relationship between all parties and to communicate better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號(hào)】:H136

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