本文選題：不禮貌 + 不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略�。� 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：眾所周知，人們?cè)诮浑H中為維持一個(gè)平和的氣氛或達(dá)成某種交際需要常用禮貌言語(yǔ)與他人交談。然而，有時(shí)人們也會(huì)選擇不禮貌的言語(yǔ)來(lái)與他人交流以實(shí)現(xiàn)某種交際意圖。因此，不禮貌現(xiàn)象同禮貌現(xiàn)象一樣，也應(yīng)受到廣泛關(guān)注。近些年來(lái)，已經(jīng)開(kāi)始有國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)注這一領(lǐng)域的研究，但是一方面與禮貌現(xiàn)象的研究相比，不禮貌現(xiàn)象的研究深度還有待挖掘，尤其在我國(guó)，還主要停留在對(duì)國(guó)外學(xué)者相關(guān)研究的介紹階段。另一方面，對(duì)于不禮貌現(xiàn)象的研究大多集中在對(duì)日常語(yǔ)境中不禮貌言語(yǔ)的使用而缺乏對(duì)某些特定或特殊語(yǔ)境中不禮貌現(xiàn)象的研究。帶著這樣一種想法，本文以政治語(yǔ)篇為語(yǔ)料探討政治語(yǔ)篇這一特定語(yǔ)境中不禮貌策略的使用。 本文將主要圍繞三個(gè)問(wèn)題展開(kāi)：第一，在交際中，說(shuō)話人使用不禮貌言語(yǔ)是否像使用禮貌言語(yǔ)一樣可以被當(dāng)作一種有效的語(yǔ)用策略。第二，如果不禮貌言語(yǔ)可以被當(dāng)作一種語(yǔ)用策略，那么有哪些不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略經(jīng)常用于政治語(yǔ)篇中呢？第三，在政治語(yǔ)篇中，不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略的使用動(dòng)機(jī)是什么呢？ 在分析語(yǔ)料的基礎(chǔ)上我們得出以下結(jié)論： 對(duì)于第一個(gè)問(wèn)題，，事實(shí)上不禮貌言語(yǔ)經(jīng)常被用作一種語(yǔ)用策略。政治家和發(fā)言人經(jīng)常策略性地選擇不禮貌言語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)他們的政治觀點(diǎn)和達(dá)成政治目的。 對(duì)于第二個(gè)問(wèn)題，基于相關(guān)原則及對(duì)語(yǔ)料分析的基礎(chǔ)之上，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)政治語(yǔ)篇中經(jīng)常使用的不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略可以分為以下三種：（a）極度冒犯不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略（b）一般不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略（c）實(shí)際不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略。這三個(gè)主要的不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略還可以分成一些子策略例如:人身攻擊策略，冠以罪名策略，警告策略，貶低或批評(píng)策略，抗議策略，模糊用語(yǔ)策略，歪曲事實(shí)策略，糾正策略，諷刺策略和反語(yǔ)策略等。政治家和發(fā)言人對(duì)上述策略的選擇性應(yīng)用是為了達(dá)成其交際目的。 對(duì)于最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題，我們以Verschueren提出的順應(yīng)論為理論框架來(lái)探討政治家和發(fā)言人選擇某一或某些不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略及子策略的動(dòng)機(jī)。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于不禮貌言語(yǔ)策略及子策略的選擇是有意順應(yīng)他們交際語(yǔ)境的結(jié)果。更確切來(lái)說(shuō)，是順應(yīng)交際語(yǔ)境中一個(gè)或多種因素，即:說(shuō)話人的多重身份，釋話人的多種角色，心理世界，交際世界，物理世界的結(jié)果。 本研究期望一方面能夠?qū)ΜF(xiàn)有的不禮貌現(xiàn)象研究給予補(bǔ)充；另一方面能夠促進(jìn)人們更好理解政治家和發(fā)言人使用的特定語(yǔ)言策略，同時(shí)對(duì)人們?cè)谑褂茫ú唬┒Y貌策略時(shí)提供一定的借鑒。
[Abstract]:It is well known that in order to maintain a peaceful atmosphere or achieve a certain kind of communication, people often use polite words to talk to others. However, sometimes people choose impolite words to communicate with others in order to achieve some kind of communicative intention. Therefore, the phenomenon of impoliteness, like politeness, should also receive wide attention. In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have begun to pay attention to this field of research, but on the one hand, compared with the study of politeness phenomenon, the depth of research on the phenomenon of impoliteness has yet to be explored, especially in China. It also stays at the stage of introduction to the relevant research of foreign scholars. On the other hand, the research on the phenomenon of impoliteness is mainly focused on the use of impolite speech in the daily context, but it lacks the research on the phenomenon of impoliteness in certain or special contexts. With such an idea, this paper uses political discourse as a corpus to explore the use of impolite strategies in a particular context of political discourse. This thesis focuses on three questions: first, whether the speaker can use impolite speech as a pragmatic strategy in communication. Secondly, if impolite speech can be regarded as a pragmatic strategy, what kind of impolite speech strategies are often used in political discourse? Thirdly, what are the motivations for the use of impolite speech strategies in political discourse? On the basis of the analysis of the corpus, we draw the following conclusion: for the first question, impolite speech is often used as a pragmatic strategy. Politicians and spokesmen often strategically choose rude words to express their political views and achieve political goals. For the second question, based on the relevant principles and on the basis of corpus analysis, We find that the impolite speech strategies often used in political discourse can be divided into the following three types: (a) extremely offensive impolite speech strategies (b) generally impolite speech strategies (c) actual impolite speech strategies. These three main impolite speech strategies can also be divided into sub-strategies such as personal attack strategy, accusation strategy, warning strategy, denigration or criticism strategy, protest strategy, vague language strategy, distortion of facts strategy, corrective strategy, etc. Satire strategy and irony strategy etc. The selective application of these strategies by politicians and spokesmen is intended to achieve their communicative purposes. For the last question, we use Verschueren's adaptation theory as a theoretical framework to explore the motivations of politicians and spokesmen to choose one or some impolite speech strategies and substrategies. We find that the choice of impolite speech strategies and substrategies is the result of intentional adaptation to their communicative context. Rather, it is the result of one or more factors in the communicative context, that is, the multiple identities of the speaker, the multiple roles of the speaker, the psychological world, the communicative world, and the physical world. On the one hand, the present study hopes to supplement the existing researches on impoliteness; on the other hand, it can promote a better understanding of specific linguistic strategies used by politicians and speakers. At the same time, it provides some reference for people to use (not) politeness strategies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H030

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 張軍梅;;政治語(yǔ)篇中緩和型FTAs作為語(yǔ)用策略的順應(yīng)性研究[J];南昌教育學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2011年06期

2 邵新光;;反語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)用特征及功能[J];山東外語(yǔ)教學(xué);2007年02期

3 劉潤(rùn)清;關(guān)于Leech的“禮貌原則”[J];外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究;1987年02期

4 顧曰國(guó);禮貌、語(yǔ)用與文化[J];外語(yǔ)教學(xué)與研究;1992年04期

5 張大毛;;不禮貌言語(yǔ)的界定和分類(lèi)[J];西南民族大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(人文社科版);2009年S1期

6 李元?jiǎng)?;漢語(yǔ)中不禮貌言語(yǔ)行為的順應(yīng)性研究[J];現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)文;2006年11期

本文編號(hào)：2089754