本文選題：N400 + P600��； 參考：《東南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：結(jié)合閱讀理解的實際以及詞匯通達對個體獲得單詞意義的重要性,本研究主要考察句中關(guān)鍵詞匯的語義通達過程。傳統(tǒng)的句子加工理論認為,句法分析和語義分析是不同的過程。相關(guān)的ERP研究也表明,句法加工和語義加工是獨立表征的。根據(jù)近年來語義P600的研究結(jié)果,我們認為大腦在加工不同句式時出現(xiàn)的ERP模式會受到自動加工和控制性加工的結(jié)合方式的調(diào)節(jié)。本研究從認知神經(jīng)科學的角度,運用ERP技術(shù)對句子理解過程進行連續(xù)地測量,探究語言理解中的自動加工和控制性加工過程。創(chuàng)新性地設(shè)置了一個由反義動詞置換構(gòu)造的語義違反句式,并應(yīng)用雙加工模型對其誘發(fā)出的N400-P600雙效應(yīng)加以解釋,使我們對句子的加工過程有了新的認識,既是對當前句子加工理論的補充,同時也為語義P600的研究提供了新的實驗證據(jù)。研究方法：首先對被試進行分類,按照工作記憶刷新功能(高、低)分為兩組,考察不同類型被試在加工三種不同類型的句式(正確、反義、無關(guān))時的腦電活動模式。實驗句子材料被切分成詞,并逐屏呈現(xiàn),在被試完成實驗任務(wù)的同時軟件會分別記錄下行為和腦電數(shù)據(jù),以供后期進行離線分析。研究結(jié)果：對于N400而言,中線電極和兩側(cè)電極的分析結(jié)果均顯示句子類型的主效應(yīng)顯著,三種實驗條件下的平均波幅：正確句式反義句式無關(guān)句式。對于P600而言,除了發(fā)現(xiàn)中線電極和兩側(cè)電極句子類型的主效應(yīng)顯著(反義句式和正確句式所引起的波幅差異顯著,反義句式正確句式；無關(guān)句式與前兩者的差異均不顯著)外,兩側(cè)電極的分析結(jié)果還顯示被試分組的主效應(yīng)呈邊緣顯著(工作記憶刷新功能高分組被試的波幅大于低分組)。由總體分析得知,反義句式所誘發(fā)的腦電模式(N400-P600雙效應(yīng))更為復雜,進一步對其分析發(fā)現(xiàn),兩個時間窗口上的中線電極和兩側(cè)電極分析得出了一致的結(jié)果(兩組被試間沒有顯著差異)。研究結(jié)論：反義動詞置換所形成的語義違反可以引發(fā)N400-P600效應(yīng),證明了句子理解中雙加工過程的存在；工作記憶刷新功能的高低對閱讀理解的雙加工進程有一定影響的趨勢。
[Abstract]:Combined with the reality of reading comprehension and the importance of lexical access to individual acquisition of word meaning, the present study focuses on the semantic access process of key words in sentences. Traditional sentence processing theory holds that syntactic analysis and semantic analysis are different processes. Related ERP research also shows that syntactic processing and semantic processing are independent representations. According to the research results of semantic P600 in recent years, we think that the ERP pattern of the brain when processing different sentence patterns will be regulated by the combination of automatic processing and controlled processing. From the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, this study uses ERP technology to continuously measure the process of sentence comprehension and to explore the process of automatic and controlled processing in language understanding. This paper innovatively sets up a semantic violation sentence structure constructed by the antisense verb permutation, and explains the N400-P600 double effect induced by it by using the double processing model, which makes us have a new understanding of the process of sentence processing. It not only complements the current theory of sentence processing, but also provides new experimental evidence for the study of semantic P600. Methods: the subjects were classified and divided into two groups according to their working memory refresh function (high and low). The EEG activity patterns of three different types of sentence patterns (correct, antisense and irrelevant) were investigated. The experimental sentence material was cut into words and presented on screen by screen. At the same time, the software recorded the behavior and EEG data separately for off-line analysis at the later stage. Results: for N400, the main effect of sentence type was significant at both the midline electrode and the bilateral electrode. The average amplitude of the three experimental conditions was as follows: the correct sentence pattern, the antisense sentence pattern, the irrelevant sentence pattern. For P600, it was found that the main effect of sentence type of midline electrode and bilateral electrode was significant (the amplitude difference between antisense sentence pattern and correct sentence pattern was significant, the correct sentence pattern of antisense sentence pattern was not significant; the difference between irrelevant sentence pattern and the former two sentence patterns was not significant). The results of bilateral electrode analysis also showed that the main effect of the group was marginal (the amplitude of the high score group with working memory refresh was larger than that of the low group). From the overall analysis, it is found that the antisense pattern induced by the antisense sentence pattern (N400-P600 double effect) is more complex. The results of midline electrode and bilateral electrode analysis on the two time windows were consistent (there was no significant difference between the two groups). The conclusion is that the semantic violation of antisense verb substitution can lead to N400-P600 effect, which proves the existence of double processing process in sentence comprehension, and the level of working memory refresh function has a certain influence on the double processing process of reading comprehension.
【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H0-05

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