本文選題：《洪武正韻》 + 《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：韓半島在朝鮮王朝時(shí)期,非常重視與中國(guó)的外交關(guān)系。他們?cè)O(shè)立司譯院,把漢語(yǔ)書籍作為首要翻譯對(duì)象,同時(shí)培養(yǎng)出了大批漢語(yǔ)翻譯人才和學(xué)者。尤其是世宗大王創(chuàng)制訓(xùn)民正音后,這些學(xué)者以其為記錄手段為中國(guó)韻書注音對(duì)譯,編纂出很多對(duì)音韻書。其中,《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》是最重要的對(duì)音韻書之一。訓(xùn)民正音一創(chuàng)制完畢,世宗大王即命申叔舟等學(xué)者,用訓(xùn)民正音對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)明朝官修韻書《洪武正韻》進(jìn)行對(duì)音注解,于1455年完成《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》。該韻書記錄了正、俗音兩種音韻體系。正音體系即《洪武正韻》編纂時(shí)所體現(xiàn)的“中原雅音”體系,俗音體系即《譯訓(xùn)》編纂時(shí),申叔舟等學(xué)者考察的中國(guó)15世紀(jì)的“時(shí)音”體系。 目前針對(duì)《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》的相關(guān)性研究體現(xiàn)在以下兩方面：韓國(guó)學(xué)者的研究主要集中于缺本復(fù)原、序文分析和凡例翻譯等文獻(xiàn)工作；中國(guó)學(xué)者對(duì)其的專門性研究較少,大多是通過與其他韻書的比較來考察中國(guó)近代音的歷時(shí)變化。由此看來,對(duì)《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》音系方面的研究還相對(duì)較少,對(duì)聲母體系的專門性研究也較為缺乏。 本論文即是以《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》的聲母系統(tǒng)為考察對(duì)象,通過對(duì)韻書中聲母正音體系和俗音體系的整理分析,總結(jié)15世紀(jì)中國(guó)北方官話的聲母特征及其語(yǔ)音演變情況。首先對(duì)《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》收錄漢字的正音、俗音以及反切標(biāo)記按照章節(jié)、韻目進(jìn)行了整理,而后對(duì)整理的資料進(jìn)行分析說明,最后總結(jié)出《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》聲母系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)。整篇論文分為五個(gè)章節(jié)加以論述。 第一章,首先對(duì)本文研究目的、以往的研究概況和研究方法等問題進(jìn)行了說明。 第二章,介紹了《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》編纂的歷史背景。結(jié)合《洪武正韻》的編纂狀況及影響、訓(xùn)民正音的創(chuàng)制和朝鮮初期的譯學(xué)狀況,介紹了《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》的編纂動(dòng)機(jī)、過程及其影響和版本等問題。 第三章,對(duì)《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》聲母體系進(jìn)行全面系統(tǒng)的整理分析。首先介紹了洪武韻31聲母及其音值考察狀況,然后按照牙、舌、唇、齒、喉的順序,對(duì)31個(gè)聲母所對(duì)應(yīng)的正音標(biāo)記、反切上字標(biāo)記、例字、俗音標(biāo)記等用表格進(jìn)行分類整理,尤其是在各個(gè)聲母的正、俗音對(duì)應(yīng)方面,單獨(dú)列出一個(gè)表格,使聲母正、俗音變化狀況更直觀地得以體現(xiàn)。并在表格后歸納處聲母的對(duì)應(yīng)狀況和變化現(xiàn)象。 第四章,結(jié)合序文和凡例內(nèi)容,對(duì)第三章體現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)音變化現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了分析說明,總結(jié)出《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》聲母系統(tǒng)的特征。主要觀點(diǎn)如下： 1.《譯訓(xùn)》編纂完成時(shí),中國(guó)北方音己發(fā)生較多變化,但礙于《洪武正韻》官修韻書的地位,俗音更多保留了正音的特征。尤其是聲母方面,大多仍沿用正音的聲母。 2.疑母的喻母(零聲母)化現(xiàn)象較多,同時(shí)也有2例喻母的疑母化現(xiàn)象,說明當(dāng)時(shí)存在疑、喻母混用狀況。 3.零聲母化現(xiàn)象不僅出現(xiàn)在疑母中,在影母中也出現(xiàn)了1例。 4.濁音的清音化現(xiàn)象在時(shí)音中普遍出現(xiàn)。31聲母的9個(gè)全濁聲母,大都已清音化,但原文中大多仍保留全濁標(biāo)記。只有3個(gè)例外,即“定母”、“N&母”中各出現(xiàn)1例“全濁音→次清音”現(xiàn)象,“匣母”中出現(xiàn)1例“全濁音→全清音”現(xiàn)象。 5.韻書在編纂時(shí),充分考慮到中國(guó)北方音的演變現(xiàn)狀,將知_鉤文覆⑷胝沾﹔@母；娘母并入泥母；敷母并入非母。 第五章,對(duì)全文內(nèi)容總結(jié)。將《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》31聲母的正音、俗音對(duì)應(yīng)狀況用表格整理,并再次列舉本文中分析整理的聲母特征。 《洪武正韻譯訓(xùn)》作為朝鮮第一部對(duì)音韻書,其正、俗音音韻體系對(duì)其后的《四聲通解》等韻書的創(chuàng)制有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。通過對(duì)其音韻體系的研究,可以為這些韻書的研究提供一定的理論依據(jù),同時(shí)可以對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)韓語(yǔ)音韻體系的研究提供確切的證據(jù)。此外,本文對(duì)中國(guó)15世紀(jì)北方官話的歷時(shí)演變研究和《洪武正韻》地位的重新評(píng)價(jià)等問題,也具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In the period of the Korean dynasty , the Korean Peninsula attaches great importance to diplomatic relations with China . They set up a Chinese translation institute to translate Chinese books as the first translation object , and cultivate a large number of Chinese translators and scholars .

At present , the study of the relevance of the translation and training is reflected in the following two aspects : the study of Korean scholars mainly focuses on the literature work such as the lack of this restoration , the analysis of the preface and the translation of all cases ;
Chinese scholars have little research on their specialization , mostly by comparing the diachronic changes of Chinese modern sounds by comparing with other metrical books . So it seems that the research on the phonetic system is relatively few , and the research on the specialized research of the sound mother system is also lacking .

In this paper , the author summarizes the characteristics of Chinese northern Mandarin and its phonetic evolution in the 15th century , based on the analysis of the sound - and - sound system and custom - sound system of Chinese northern Mandarin in the 15th century .

In the first chapter , the research aim , the research situation and the research method of the previous research are described first .

In the second chapter , the author introduces the historical background of the compilation of Yunwu Zheng Yunwu .

In the third chapter , the systematic analysis of the sound mother system of Hongwu Yunwu Zhengyun is carried out . First of all , the author introduces the status of the phonetic alphabet of Hongwuyun 31 and its phonetic value , then sorts out the corresponding sound mark , anti - cut upper character mark , case character and custom sound mark in the order of tooth , tongue , lip , tooth and throat .

Chapter four , combining the contents of the preface and the second chapter , analyses the phenomenon of phonetic change embodied in the third chapter , and summarizes the characteristics of the pronunciation and mother system of Hongwu Zhengyun . The main point of view is as follows :

1 . At the completion of the compilation of the Chinese version , the northern sound of China has changed much , but the position of Zhengyin ' s rhyme book is still in the way of being in the way , and the characteristic of the positive tone is preserved more . Especially in the aspect of the sound mother , most of the vowels still follow the sound mother .

2 . The phenomenon of mother - to - mother ( zero - tone mother ) is much more , and there are two cases of mother - to - mother , which indicates the existence of suspicion and mother - mother mixed condition .

3 . The phenomenon not only appeared in the suspect mother , but also appeared in one case in the shadow mother .

4 . The phenomenon of " whole - voiced " and " full - voiced " appeared in the case of " whole - voiced " and " whole - voiced " in the " box - mother " .

5 . During compilation , full consideration should be given to the status quo of the evolution of the northern tone of China .
the mother mother is merged with the mud mother ;
the mother tongue is incorporated into the non - female parent .

The fifth chapter summarizes the contents of the whole text . The author sets forth the phonetic and secular correspondence status of the mother ' s mother ' s tone and the custom sound in the Yunwu Zhengyun Translation Institute , and then lists the characteristics of the sound mother analyzed and collated in this paper .

As the first part of North Korea , it has far - reaching influence on the creation of Korean phonology . Through the study of its phonetic system , this paper can provide some theoretical basis for the study of the phonology of Korean language .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H114.3

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本文編號(hào)：2020258