本文選題：意象 + 類比　； 參考：《哈爾濱師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：中國古典文化中的意象二字比在西方文學中image一詞出現(xiàn)的時間早很多。那時的意象并不是指詩歌中的藝術形象,而是一種符號。符號的意義和所指的實際事物就是意象。意象的組成是主觀與客觀的有邏輯的結(jié)合。本文簡要介紹了在意象發(fā)展的過程中中西方文化對意象的理解和認識。關于詩歌意象的研究已經(jīng)涉及到了很多領域,例如文學、文體學、語義學、語用學,甚至進入認知領域。這些視角下的研究對于拓寬豐富了意象的研究范圍和方法,但仍停留在表面上。根據(jù)以上問題,本論文試圖在一個新的框架下對意象的內(nèi)部構(gòu)建進行研究。意象是詩歌的靈魂和生命,是構(gòu)成詩歌的要素之一,也是解讀一首詩歌的重要線索。事實上,詩歌的創(chuàng)作過程就是詩人尋找客觀事物作為意象、建構(gòu)意象,從而使主觀情感能夠生動形象地表達出來的過程。然而意象并不是簡單、一般的形象,而是對事物有精準的觀察之后力求簡潔、清晰、凝練的表達。恰當?shù)囊庀蟮氖窃姼鑴?chuàng)作中起至關重要的作用的。詩人在詩歌的創(chuàng)造上利用大量的意象表達一種不可言傳的情感,而讀者在解讀一首詩歌的時候更需要從意象去揣摩詩人之意。本文用類比中的意象對詩歌的建構(gòu)進行了系統(tǒng)的分析。在修辭學的視角下,本文對意象的建構(gòu)和功能進行解讀。從修辭分析和邏輯推理相結(jié)合的視角下,解讀詩歌中所使用的類比意象。類比作為一種邏輯思維方式和推理手段在科學的研究和發(fā)展上得到了廣泛的利用,在不斷的發(fā)展過程中類比在修辭學領域逐漸找到了自己的優(yōu)勢。雖然現(xiàn)今主要在修辭學領域發(fā)展,但是類比仍然保留著作為邏輯思維和推理方式所具有嚴謹?shù)奶攸c。主要表現(xiàn)在系統(tǒng)性、一致性、真實性和隱喻性。本文利用修辭中的類比剖析了大量的中外詩歌中的類比意象。并發(fā)現(xiàn)意象就是用最簡潔恰當?shù)脑~語表達詩人最準確真實的情感。詩歌中的類比意象把讀者帶入詩歌中的情境。類比意象都不是隨意的,它一定經(jīng)過了詩人的在邏輯上的推敲和在情感的沉淀。這是詩人有意識的在意象的建構(gòu)與類比修辭結(jié)合在了一起。類比意象的建構(gòu)融入了類比的思維方式,使得意象的功能在原有的基礎上多了邏輯的功能,也會產(chǎn)生更好的詩歌效果。因此,本文以類比修辭的邏輯理論特征為指導,運用了詩歌分析的方法對詩歌意象的建構(gòu)進行了研究。希望通過對類比意象建構(gòu)的研究,進一步揭示意象的奧秘,加深讀者對詩歌的理解。本篇論文主要由六個部分構(gòu)成:緒論對研究背景、研究內(nèi)容以及研究目的進行簡要介紹,并且概述了本文的中心論點。第一章是文獻綜述部分,分別對意象和類比的國內(nèi)外研究成果以及學者的著作進行了綜述。第二章是本論文的理論基礎,劃分了類比作為修辭手法與作為邏輯思維方式的界限,并系統(tǒng)地整理了類比所具有的邏輯特性。它們主要是系統(tǒng)性、一致性、真實性和隱喻性。第三章是本文的核心部分。通過分析詩歌意象中的意義和所指之間的關系可以發(fā)現(xiàn)詩歌意象的內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)和類比修辭的特性有相似之處,因此可以把類比所具有的邏輯特性結(jié)合到詩歌意象建構(gòu)的過程中。并且選用了大量的中外詩歌進行類比意象建構(gòu)分析。第四章介紹了類比的意象對于詩歌的整體所產(chǎn)生的效果極其功能。由于類比的邏輯特征,類比詩歌意象在情感描寫功能和美學功能基礎上增加了邏輯功能。結(jié)論部分對整篇論文的內(nèi)容和觀點進行了總結(jié)和概括。綜上所述,在理論上類比意象豐富了詩歌意象建構(gòu)的方法和手段,同時拓寬了它自身的研究范圍。而在實踐中,類比意象的建構(gòu)不論在詩人寫作方面還是在讀者閱讀方面都可以人們深入詩歌情感的內(nèi)部,使之創(chuàng)造出和解讀出完美的詩歌效果。
[Abstract]:The image of two characters in Chinese classical culture is much earlier than the appearance of the word "image" in western literature. The image at that time did not refer to the artistic image in the poetry, but a symbol. The meaning of the symbol and the actual thing to be referred to is the image. The composition of the image is a logical combination of subjective and objective. This article briefly introduces the concern. In the process of development, the Chinese and Western cultures understand and understand images. The study of poetic imagery has been involved in many fields, such as literature, stylistics, semantics, pragmatics, and even into the field of cognition. The research under these perspectives is still on the surface to broaden the scope and method of enriching the image. This paper attempts to study the internal construction of images under a new framework. Imagery is the soul and life of poetry, one of the elements of poetry and an important clue to the interpretation of a poem. In fact, the creation process of the poem is the poet's search for objects as images and image, thus making the subjective feeling. The process of vivid and vivid expression. However, the image is not a simple, general image, but a concise, clear and concise expression after the precise observation of things. The proper image is a vital role in the creation of poetry. The poet expresses a kind of imago in the creation of poetry. The readers need to understand the poet's meaning from the image when reading a poem. This paper makes a systematic analysis of the construction of poetry with images in analogy. In the perspective of rhetoric, this article interprets the construction and function of images. From the perspective of the combination of rhetorical analysis and logical reasoning, the article interprets poetry. Analogic imagery used in the research and development of science is widely used as a logical way of thinking and reasoning. In the course of continuous development, the analogy has gradually found its own advantages in the field of rhetoric. Although today is mainly in the field of rhetoric, the analogy still remains as a logic. The way of thinking and reasoning has the strict characteristics. It is mainly manifested in systematicness, consistency, authenticity and metaphorical. This paper uses the analogy in rhetoric to analyze a large number of analogy images in Chinese and foreign poetry. And it is found that imagery is the most accurate and true emotion expressed in the most concise and appropriate words. The analogy image is not arbitrary. It must pass through the logical inference and the emotional precipitation of the poet. This is the poet's conscious combination of image construction and analogy rhetoric. The construction of analogy imagery integrates the thinking formula of analogy, making the function of the image on the original basis. The function of logic can also produce better poetic effect. Therefore, this paper, guided by the logical theoretical features of the analogy rhetoric, uses the method of poetry analysis to study the construction of poetic imagery. The article is mainly composed of six parts: the introduction briefly introduces the research background, the research content and the purpose of the study, and summarizes the central argument of this article. The first chapter is the literature review part, and summarizes the domestic and foreign research results of images and analogies and the works of scholars respectively. The second chapter is the theoretical basis of this paper. The boundary of analogy as a rhetorical device and a logical way of thinking, and systemically collate the logical characteristics of the analogy. They are mainly systematic, consistent, true and metaphorical. The third chapter is the core of this article. Through the analysis of the meaning and the relationship between the images of poetry, the inner part of the poetry image can be found in the inner part of the poem. There are similarities in the characteristics of the structure of the Ministry and the analogical rhetoric, so we can combine the logical characteristics of the analogy into the process of the construction of poetic imagery. And a large number of Chinese and foreign poems are selected to analyze the construction of analogy images. The fourth chapter introduces the image of analogy to the effect of the whole body of poetry. The logical feature, analogous to the poetic imagery on the basis of the function of emotional description and the aesthetic function, is added to the logical function. The conclusion is a summary and summary of the contents and views of the whole paper. In summary, the analogy imagery enriches the method and the hand of the poetic imagery construction in theory, and broadens its own scope of research. In practice, the construction of analogical imagery can make people go deep into the inner feelings of poetry both in the writing of the poets and in the readers' reading, so that they can create and interpret the perfect poetic effect.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H05

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