本文選題：“不就X(嗎)” + 構(gòu)式義��； 參考：《浙江師范大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：“不就X(嗎)?”構(gòu)式作為現(xiàn)代漢語中的常用表達式,使用頻率非常之高,但學界對這一構(gòu)式研究尚不足。本文以三個平面理論為指導(dǎo),綜合運用構(gòu)式語法、語法化等理論,從構(gòu)式的構(gòu)成、語義語用以及和相關(guān)構(gòu)式的比較、歷時發(fā)展幾個方面進行了分析。 論文共分六章： 第一章：緒論。主要明確了本文的研究對象,評述了前人研究,點明了研究意義及創(chuàng)新之處,并對研究方法和語料來源作了說明。 第二章：構(gòu)式的構(gòu)成分析。分別描寫了構(gòu)式中的常項“就”和參項“X”。構(gòu)式中的“就”表“隨即”義和“確定、限定”義,具有“銜接-限控”功能；“X”句法成分為NP、VP或者X省略,表“達成”義和“歸屬”義。 第三章：構(gòu)式語義語用分析�！安痪蚗(嗎)?”構(gòu)式是一個“圖形—背景”的凸顯模式,其構(gòu)式義為：言說者以否定的方式主觀強調(diào)一個肯定的意思,即認定某事達成的順暢性或某事/物歸屬的可限性�！安痪蚗(嗎)?”是反問構(gòu)式,理據(jù)在“就”是定量副詞,“就X”是有界成分,因而對“不就X”發(fā)問能實現(xiàn)語義反轉(zhuǎn)。構(gòu)式表反問的根因在于發(fā)話人認為受話人對“就X”不及自己反映明晰,即有比差,而差值的大小決定反問度的強弱。構(gòu)式的基本功能是提高信息明晰度,具體語境中用來表達程度不等的負面事理立場。 第四章：和相關(guān)構(gòu)式的比較。將其和“不是X(嗎)?”“不是就X(嗎)?”“不就是X(嗎)?”比較,在語料的基礎(chǔ)上分析得出構(gòu)式中的“不”就是個否定副詞,否定了前人研究的脫落“是”,隱含“是”,添加“是”的幾種說法�！安痪蚗(嗎)?”包含“不就是X(嗎)?”,是“不X(嗎)?”類反問中分出的一類特定的與“不是X(嗎)?”類反問平級的否定反問構(gòu)式。 第五章：構(gòu)式歷時分析�！安痪蚗(嗎)?”是“就X”進入先秦就已形成的“不X?”反問句模整合而成,在明代產(chǎn)生“不就是NP/VP(嗎)?”,在清代、民國發(fā)展并逐漸成熟。由“不就是X(嗎)?”中“就是”的虛化語法化出“不就X(嗎)?”是一條發(fā)展路徑；“就”的發(fā)展、與“X”的結(jié)合進入“不X(嗎)?”本身是一條且是主要的一條發(fā)展路徑。發(fā)展早期“豈、可、還”等的配合表達、“不就X”否定陳述有限度的發(fā)展是影響構(gòu)式凝固度的兩個方面。 第六章：結(jié)語。對論文前五章所做的研究進行歸納和總結(jié)。
[Abstract]:"No, just X?" As a common expression in modern Chinese, construction is used very frequently, but the academic research on it is still insufficient. Under the guidance of three plane theories, this paper makes an analysis of the structure, semantic pragmatics and diachronic development in terms of construction composition, semantic pragmatics and the comparison of relevant constructions with the use of the theories of construction grammar and grammaticalization. The thesis is divided into six chapters: Chapter one: introduction. This paper mainly clarifies the research object of this paper, reviews the previous studies, points out the significance and innovation of the research, and explains the research methods and the source of the corpus. The second chapter: the constitution analysis. The constant term "on" and the parameter term "X" in the construction are described respectively. The syntactic components of "X" are NPVP or X ellipsis, and the form achieves "meaning" and "attribution". Chapter three: construction semantic pragmatic analysis. "No, just X?" The construction is a prominent pattern of "graph-background", which means that the speaker, in a negative way, subjectively emphasizes a positive meaning, that is, to determine the smoothness of the achievement of something or the limitation of the attribution of something / thing. "No, just X?" The argument is a quantitative adverb, and the "X" is a bounded component. Therefore, the semantic reversal can be realized by asking a question about "not asking about X". The root cause of the reverse question is that the speaker thinks that the speaker does not reflect X clearly, that is, there is a ratio difference, and the magnitude of the difference determines the intensity of the question. The basic function of construction is to improve the clarity of information. Chapter four: the comparison with the related constructions. Put it and "isn't it X?" "isn't it just the Xs?" "isn't it X?" On the basis of data analysis, it is concluded that the "no" in the construction is a negative adverb, which negates the exfoliation "yes", the implicit "yes", and the adding "yes" of previous studies. "No, just X?" Contains "is not Xan?" is "No Xs?" A class of specific and "are not Xs?" Negative inverse Constructions of a Class of inverse problems. Chapter five: construction diachronic analysis. "No, just X?" Is "X" into the pre-Qin Dynasty has formed the "not X?" In the Ming Dynasty, "is not NPR / VP?" and in the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China developed and gradually matured. "isn't it X?" In the "is" grammaticalization of the "not on the Xu?" Is a path of development; "on" development, and "X" into the "not X"? Itself is a and the main path of development. In the early stage of development, "can, still", "not on X" negation statement has limited development is the two aspects that influence the solidification degree of the construction. Chapter six: conclusion. The first five chapters of the paper are summarized and summarized.
【學位授予單位】：浙江師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H146

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