本文選題：龍山白話 + 系詞��； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：“是”字句結(jié)構(gòu)是現(xiàn)代漢語中使用頻率很高的一種特殊句式。語法學(xué)家多年來運用不同的理論方法,從不同的角度進行了大量的研究和探討,取得了較大的成績。但由于角度不一樣,語法界對于“是”字功能的界定也出現(xiàn)了分歧。有人認(rèn)為“是”字是系詞,有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)該是動詞、副詞或標(biāo)記詞。本文認(rèn)為這些說法都有一定的道理,只是缺乏全面性和系統(tǒng)性,因為“是”字是一個多功能語素,在不同的句法結(jié)構(gòu)中扮演不同的功能,視具體的語境而定。為了加深對這一問題的認(rèn)識,也可以從跨語言的角度豐富相關(guān)領(lǐng)域的語言材料和研究成果,本文以粵語的一種方言---龍山白話為主要研究對象,對其中的平行語言現(xiàn)象sheh“是”字結(jié)構(gòu)進行全面系統(tǒng)的分析。相比粵語其他方言和現(xiàn)代漢語,龍山白話的多功能語素sheh“是”在結(jié)構(gòu)和功能上更為復(fù)雜多樣,但學(xué)界卻鮮有研究,因此值得關(guān)注。 本文首先簡要介紹龍山白話的特點,分析其動詞類型,并分析歸納了龍山白話幾種相關(guān)的重要句型：a. SVO; b. SOV or OSV; c. SV or VS; d. Right-dislocation; e. Topicalization。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文重點從語義和句法兩個層面對龍山白話的sheh字結(jié)構(gòu)進行全面系統(tǒng)的考察,分析其語法功能。分析發(fā)現(xiàn),從語法功能上看,龍山白話的多功能語素sheh除了可以充當(dāng)系詞外,更多情況下可分析為標(biāo)記詞,標(biāo)記多種語法功能,包括：焦點標(biāo)記、強調(diào)標(biāo)記、比較標(biāo)記、同級標(biāo)記、存在標(biāo)記、條件標(biāo)記以及目的標(biāo)記。最后文章還從語用角度分析了龍山白話sheh“是”字句的信息結(jié)構(gòu)——焦點結(jié)構(gòu),sheh“是”字句的語用價值,以及sheh“是”字句的語用功能。在交際過程中,說話者往往采用“是”字結(jié)構(gòu)來傳遞某種焦點信息。這些焦點信息大致可以分為三大類：主語焦點、修飾語焦點、謂語焦點。在表達(dá)相同語義信息時,使用標(biāo)記詞sheh“是”與否會帶來語用功能上的差別。在交際中,說話者使用“是”字句時,還可以通過省略某些成分來減輕聽話者獲取信息的壓力,這體現(xiàn)了語用上的經(jīng)濟原則。
[Abstract]:The structure of "Shi" sentence is a special kind of sentence structure which is frequently used in modern Chinese. Over the years, linguists have made a great deal of research and discussion from different angles by using different theories and methods, and have made great achievements. However, because of the different angles, the definition of "is" function in grammatical circles has also appeared divergences. Some people think that the word "yes" is a word, some think it should be a verb, adverb or marker. This paper holds that these statements have some truth, but lack of comprehensiveness and systematicness, because the word "yes" is a multifunctional morpheme, which plays different functions in different syntactic structures, depending on the specific context. In order to deepen the understanding of this problem, and to enrich the relevant language materials and research results from a cross-linguistic point of view, this paper focuses on the Cantonese dialect -Longshan vernacular as the main research object. This paper makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of the parallel language phenomenon sheh "is". Compared with other Cantonese dialects and modern Chinese, the multifunctional morpheme "sheh" of Longshan vernacular is more complex and diverse in structure and function, but there is little research in academic circles, so it is worth paying attention to. This paper first briefly introduces the characteristics of Longshan vernacular, analyzes its verb types, and sums up several related important sentence patterns of Longshan vernacular:: a. SVO; b. SOV or osv; c. SV or VS; D. Right-dislocation; E. Topicalization. On this basis, this paper focuses on the semantic and syntactic aspects of the Longshan vernacular sheh word structure of a comprehensive and systematic investigation, analysis of its grammatical functions. It is found that in terms of grammatical functions, the multifunctional morpheme sheh of Longshan vernacular can be analyzed as a marker word in many cases, and it can be analyzed as a marker word in many cases, which includes: focus mark, emphasis mark, comparative marker. Peer marker, presence marker, conditional marker and destination marker. Finally, from the pragmatic point of view, the paper analyzes the pragmatic value of the information structure of the "is" sentence in Longshan vernacular sheh and the pragmatic function of the "is" sentence of sheh. In the process of communication, the speaker often adopts the "is" structure to convey some kind of focus information. These focus information can be divided into three categories: subject focus, modifier focus and predicate focus. When expressing the same semantic information, the use of the marker sheh "yes" or not will lead to pragmatic differences. In communication, when the speaker uses the word "yes", he can also reduce the pressure on the hearer to obtain information by omitting some elements, which embodies the economic principle of pragmatics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H178

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本文編號：1840997