副詞與主語的相對位置關(guān)系考察
本文選題:副詞 + 主語。 參考:《北京大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文
【摘要】:為了全面了解現(xiàn)代漢語常用副詞與主語的相對位置關(guān)系,并研究與之相關(guān)的語法現(xiàn)象,本文選取了222個副詞作為研究對象,通過語料調(diào)查將它們分為只能在主語后出現(xiàn)的副詞、只能在主語前出現(xiàn)的副詞和在主語前后均可使用的副詞三類。 本文的重點研究對象是在主語前后均可使用的副詞,探究它們能夠在主語之前使用的條件,進而比較它們在主語前后使用時的句法、語義和語用區(qū)別。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),就副詞本身的性質(zhì)來講,說話人指向類副詞、焦點敏感類副詞和獨立自由類副詞可以在主語之前使用。而主語類型、謂語類型和音節(jié)都會影響副詞在句中的位置。從整體上講,主觀性越強的副詞,越容易脫離謂語,在主語之前使用的頻率越高。通過語義和語用分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),許多副詞位置的變化會影響句子的焦點,也會反應(yīng)轄域的不同,而副詞在句首出現(xiàn)時有明顯的語篇接應(yīng)功能。 另外,本文將現(xiàn)代漢語常用副詞按意義和分布分為11類,并具體分析不同類別副詞在與主語的相對位置關(guān)系上所呈現(xiàn)出的特點。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),能用在主語之前的副詞主要是語氣副詞、時間副詞和限定副詞,這一結(jié)果與前人考察的副詞共現(xiàn)時的優(yōu)先順序也基本一致。
[Abstract]:In order to fully understand the relative position of adverbs and subjects in modern Chinese, and to study the grammatical phenomena related to them, 222 adverbs are selected as the objects of study, and they are divided into adverbs that can only appear after the subject. Adverbs that can only appear before subject and adverbs that can be used before and after subject are three kinds of adverbs. This paper focuses on the adverbs that can be used before and after the subject, explores the conditions under which they can be used before and after the subject, and then compares their syntactic, semantic and pragmatic differences before and after the use of the subject. It is found that, in terms of the nature of the adverb itself, the speaker points to the adverb, the focus sensitive adverb and the independent free adverb can be used before the subject. The subject type, predicate type and syllable will affect the position of adverbs in the sentence. On the whole, the more subjective adverbs, the easier to break away from the predicate, the higher the frequency of use before the subject. Through semantic and pragmatic analysis, it can be found that the change of position of many adverbs will affect the focus of the sentence and reflect the difference of the scope of the central government, and the adverb has the obvious function of text connection when it appears at the beginning of the sentence. In addition, this paper divides the adverbs into 11 categories according to their meaning and distribution, and analyzes the characteristics of the relative position relationship between different adverbs and their subjects. It is found that the adverbs that can be used before the subject are mainly modal adverbs, temporal adverbs and limited adverbs. This result is basically consistent with the current priority of adverbs studied by predecessors.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:北京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:H146
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