本文選題：身份 + 身份建構(gòu)��； 參考：《蘭州理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：身份是“自我和他人在社會(huì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的定位”(BucholtzHall,2005:586),已經(jīng)成為人文科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)中一個(gè)值得關(guān)注的中心議題(Paul du Gay等,2000：1)。在建構(gòu)的語(yǔ)言身份理論影響下,身份被認(rèn)為是人們?cè)谠捳Z(yǔ)及社會(huì)實(shí)踐中不斷建構(gòu)的動(dòng)態(tài)過(guò)程,具體情境中的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用對(duì)身份建構(gòu)發(fā)揮著重要的作用。越來(lái)越多的學(xué)者開(kāi)始關(guān)注并研究言語(yǔ)交際過(guò)程中變化的、流動(dòng)的話語(yǔ)身份建構(gòu)。 在此背景下,根據(jù)Zimmerman (1998:88)對(duì)“話語(yǔ)身份”這一概念的闡述,本文對(duì)微觀語(yǔ)用身份進(jìn)行了界定,基于Wenger(1998)的實(shí)踐社區(qū)理論和Verschueren(1999)的語(yǔ)言順應(yīng)論相結(jié)合的身份建構(gòu)語(yǔ)用分析框架,致力于研究在論文答辯中交際者微觀語(yǔ)用身份的建構(gòu)過(guò)程,即闡釋在特定的實(shí)踐社區(qū)中特定的話語(yǔ)身份產(chǎn)生的具體過(guò)程和原因,以期探究學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)話互動(dòng)語(yǔ)境中交際者話語(yǔ)身份的建構(gòu)本質(zhì)。本研究主要試圖弄清三個(gè)問(wèn)題：1)論文答辯中交際者通過(guò)哪些語(yǔ)言形式和策略建構(gòu)了什么樣的微觀語(yǔ)用身份?2)這些不同的微觀語(yǔ)用身份是如何建構(gòu)的?3)為什么要建構(gòu)這些身份? 為回答這些問(wèn)題,我們選取了包括英漢兩種語(yǔ)言的共5篇博士論文作為語(yǔ)料進(jìn)行分析,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：a)在論文答辯的過(guò)程中,答辯學(xué)生主要構(gòu)建了四種微觀語(yǔ)用身份,即答辯者,研究者,論文向?qū)?答辯共同體成員身份；b)答辯教師建構(gòu)的微觀語(yǔ)用身份類(lèi)型較為豐富,主要有專(zhuān)家,導(dǎo)師,考官,答辯主席,答辯成員,同事,外行人,教育家身份等。c)身份建構(gòu)過(guò)程中主要用到了指示語(yǔ),模糊限制語(yǔ),話論轉(zhuǎn)換,共同話題,模糊策略,禮貌原則等語(yǔ)言形式和策略。d)論文答辯中交際者的微觀語(yǔ)用身份呈現(xiàn)出多重性和流動(dòng)性的特點(diǎn)。研究表明論文答辯中交際者話語(yǔ)身份的多重性和流動(dòng)性是說(shuō)話人為了維護(hù)自己和他人的面子而選擇不同的語(yǔ)言形式和策略來(lái)順應(yīng)禮貌原則和權(quán)勢(shì)原則的結(jié)果。身份建構(gòu)的本質(zhì)是會(huì)話者為實(shí)現(xiàn)一定的交際目的而做出的調(diào)整適應(yīng)性言語(yǔ)行為。 從理論角度講,這一研究不僅利于觀察和分析交際者在特定實(shí)踐社區(qū)中的身份構(gòu)建現(xiàn)象,幫助人們更清楚地理解順應(yīng)論對(duì)于話語(yǔ)分析的指導(dǎo)意義,也為以后從事學(xué)術(shù)話語(yǔ)分析的研究者提供了一個(gè)全新的視角。在應(yīng)用上,論文答辯中微觀語(yǔ)用身份的建構(gòu),有助于該實(shí)踐社區(qū)的學(xué)習(xí)者充分認(rèn)識(shí)到語(yǔ)言在建構(gòu)身份中的重要作用,從而有意識(shí)地運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言加強(qiáng)某些身份特征對(duì)答辯話語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的積極影響,最大化地實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的交際目的,對(duì)人們?cè)谄渌Z(yǔ)境中開(kāi)展成功的語(yǔ)言交際具有一定的指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:Identity is "the orientation of self and others in the Social Network." it has become a central issue in the humanities and social sciences, such as Paul du Gay et al., 2000: 1. Under the influence of the theory of language identity, identity is regarded as the dynamic process of people's construction in discourse and social practice. Language use in specific situations plays an important role in the construction of identity. More and more scholars begin to pay attention to and study the changing and flowing discourse identity construction in the process of verbal communication. In this context, according to the definition of "discourse identity" given by Zimmerman / 1998: 88), this paper defines the micro-pragmatic identity, which combines the community of practice theory based on Wengerli (1998) and the linguistic adaptation theory of Verschueren (1999). This paper is devoted to the study of the process of constructing the pragmatic identity of the communicator in the defense of the thesis, that is, to explain the specific process and reasons for the emergence of the specific discourse identity in a specific community of practice. The purpose of this paper is to explore the nature of communicative discourse identity in the interactive context of academic conversation. This study attempts to find out three questions: 1) what language forms and strategies do the communicators construct in the thesis reply? (2) how the different micropragmatic identities are constructed) and why should they be constructed? In order to answer these questions, we selected five doctoral papers, including English and Chinese, as corpus. The study found that in the process of thesis defense, the respondent students mainly constructed four micro-pragmatic identities, that is, the respondent. The types of micro-pragmatic identity constructed by the respondent teachers are rich, such as experts, mentors, examiners, defense presidents, defense members, colleagues, laymen, etc. In the process of identity construction, deixis, hedges, conversational transformation, common topics, fuzzy strategies are mainly used in the process of identity construction. Politeness principle and other language forms and strategies. The study shows that the multiplicity and fluidity of the communicative discourse identity in the thesis defense is the result of the speaker choosing different language forms and strategies to conform to the politeness principle and the power principle in order to protect the face of himself and others. The essence of identity construction is the adaptive speech act made by the conversator to achieve a certain communicative purpose. Theoretically speaking, this study not only helps to observe and analyze the phenomenon of identity construction of communicators in a particular community of practice, but also helps people to understand more clearly the guiding significance of adaptation theory in discourse analysis. It also provides a new perspective for future researchers engaged in academic discourse analysis. In application, the construction of micro-pragmatic identity in thesis defense is helpful for learners in this practical community to fully realize the important role of language in the construction of identity. Therefore, the conscious use of language to strengthen the positive influence of certain identity features on the defense discourse, to maximize their communicative purpose, and to guide people to carry out successful language communication in other contexts.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：H313;H136

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