本文選題：回指 + 疑問結(jié)構(gòu)　； 參考：《上海師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文主要探討了帶回指的疑問結(jié)構(gòu)的句式、語義、語用特征，以及該結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)式化的動(dòng)因與機(jī)制。除了對(duì)研究現(xiàn)狀的總結(jié)和評(píng)述以外，主要分為五部分。 第一章從共時(shí)平面討論“怎么個(gè)X”結(jié)構(gòu)的句法、語用特征，根據(jù)“X”的性質(zhì)及其有無回指對(duì)象，將“怎么個(gè)”分為“怎么個(gè)1”與“怎么個(gè)2”。初步探討它們的不同來源和句法特征，以及不同的語法化過程。 第二章從共時(shí)層面對(duì)“誰說X”結(jié)構(gòu)的句法、語義與語用功能進(jìn)行詳細(xì)描寫，從歷時(shí)層面對(duì)該結(jié)構(gòu)的固化過程進(jìn)行探討，并討論其語法化動(dòng)因與機(jī)制�！罢l”的基本疑問功能和“說”的言語表達(dá)功能導(dǎo)致“誰說X”結(jié)構(gòu)中的X大多為引述性內(nèi)容，故X在上文大都有回指對(duì)象。而在回聲語境中，隨著說話人的關(guān)注焦點(diǎn)從重在詢問話語的發(fā)出者轉(zhuǎn)移到關(guān)注話語內(nèi)容本身，“誰說X”逐漸發(fā)展出表示質(zhì)疑、反駁和否定的功能，在不斷的交際使用過程中，“誰說X”在保留基本的詢問發(fā)話者的意義的情況下，逐漸衍生出一個(gè)表否定和反駁意義的固化結(jié)構(gòu)。 第三章討論“哪里是X”結(jié)構(gòu)的句法格式和語義特征，考察其不同的否定性質(zhì)和評(píng)判立場(chǎng)，并對(duì)其語用功能進(jìn)行考察與描寫。該結(jié)構(gòu)的否定性質(zhì)，根據(jù)說話者的主觀意圖，可將其分為語用否定和語義否定兩大類。該結(jié)構(gòu)意義上相當(dāng)于“不是X”，但與“不是X”相比較，還是存在著較大差異，我們從預(yù)期角度和情感表達(dá)功能方面對(duì)其進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)考察。 第四章對(duì)回聲性“什么叫X”結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了細(xì)致描寫，并對(duì)其否定性質(zhì)和語用功能進(jìn)行了考察。該結(jié)構(gòu)的否定性質(zhì)，從否定內(nèi)容來講，包括對(duì)指稱、陳述、命題和情態(tài)的否定。從否定轄域來講，，包括對(duì)行域?qū)ο�、知域�(qū)ο蠛脱杂驅(qū)ο蟮姆穸�。從語用功能來講，說話者在使用“什么叫X”結(jié)構(gòu)說出一句話時(shí)，也就同時(shí)實(shí)施了一個(gè)言語行為。該結(jié)構(gòu)主要實(shí)施的是批評(píng)和指責(zé)、嘲諷和不屑、抱怨和不滿的言語行為。 第五章通過四個(gè)個(gè)案的研究，尋找出它們之間的共性特征，進(jìn)而考察這類帶回指的疑問結(jié)構(gòu)的語義語用功能及其構(gòu)式化動(dòng)因與機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the sentence structure, semantic, pragmatic features, and the motivation and mechanism of the structure construction. In addition to the review of the current situation of research, mainly divided into five parts. The first chapter discusses the syntactic and pragmatic features of the "how X" structure from the synchronic plane. According to the nature of "X" and whether it has anaphora object, the "how" is divided into "how 1" and "how 2". Their different sources, syntactic features and different grammaticalization processes are discussed. In the second chapter, the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic functions of the "who say X" structure are described in detail, the solidification process of the structure is discussed from the diachronic level, and the grammaticalization motivation and mechanism are discussed. The basic interrogative function of "who" and the speech expression function of "said" lead to the quoting content of X in the structure of "who say X", so most of X has anaphora object above. In echo context, as the focus of the speaker shifts from questioning the utterance to paying attention to the content of the utterance itself, "who says X" gradually develops the functions of expressing doubt, refutation and negation, and in the process of continuous communication, "who says X" develops the function of questioning, refuting and negating. "who says X", while retaining the meaning of the basic interrogator, has gradually developed a solidified structure of negation and refutation. The third chapter discusses the syntactic format and semantic features of "what is X" structure, examines its different negative nature and judgment stand, and makes a study and description of its pragmatic function. According to the subjective intention of the speaker, the negative nature of the structure can be divided into two categories: pragmatic negation and semantic negation. The structure is equivalent to "not X", but there is still a great difference compared with "not X". We have made a detailed study on it from the perspective of expectation and the function of emotional expression. Chapter four describes the structure of echo "X" in detail, and investigates its negative nature and pragmatic function. The negative nature of the structure includes the negation of reference, statement, proposition and modality in terms of the content of negation. From the perspective of negation domain, it includes the negation of line domain object, knowledge domain object and speech domain object. In terms of pragmatic function, when the speaker utters a sentence in the "what is X" structure, he carries out a speech act at the same time. The structure mainly implements verbal acts of criticism and recrimination, ridicule and disdain, complaint and discontent. Chapter five explores the semantic and pragmatic functions of these interrogative structures and their constructional motivations and mechanisms through four case studies to find out the common features between them.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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本文編號(hào)：1793719