本文選題：貶抑性構(gòu)式 + “不A不B”��； 參考：《江西師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：“不A不B”、“A不A,B不B”、“半A不B”和“半A半B”四個(gè)構(gòu)式因其形式簡練、表意豐富等特點(diǎn),在現(xiàn)代漢語中獲得了相當(dāng)高的使用頻率,而且在語言的長期發(fā)展過程中又不斷得到充實(shí)和創(chuàng)新,使人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)注到這類雙向否定構(gòu)式的表達(dá)優(yōu)越性,因此有關(guān)這類結(jié)構(gòu)式的研究也開始多起來,但對(duì)這四個(gè)構(gòu)式進(jìn)行全面分析和比較研究的卻不多。本文試圖從構(gòu)式理論出發(fā),結(jié)合認(rèn)知語言學(xué)和“三個(gè)平面”等理論,對(duì)這四類構(gòu)式進(jìn)行全面而深入的系統(tǒng)比較研究。首先,本文分別對(duì)“不A不B”、“A不A,B不B”、“半A不B”和“半A半B”的構(gòu)式特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了分析。第一,對(duì)“不A不B”的研究。簡要描寫了“不”的語法性質(zhì)及主觀性。詳細(xì)分析了該構(gòu)式的變量A、B的詞性;考察歸納了“不A不B”的句法功能;闡釋了A、B語義關(guān)系與整個(gè)構(gòu)式貶抑性評(píng)價(jià)色彩的關(guān)系,繼而總結(jié)出該構(gòu)式的整體意義;接著還論述了構(gòu)式義和詞匯義的相互制約關(guān)系、構(gòu)式“不A不B”的主觀化過程、貶抑義形成原因和影響因素。第二,對(duì)構(gòu)式“A不A,B不B”的研究。從靜態(tài)描寫該構(gòu)式的構(gòu)件和語義特點(diǎn)入手,接著探究了A、B的語義關(guān)系對(duì)構(gòu)式義語用感情色彩的影響,同時(shí)在前人研究基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步分析了該構(gòu)式的語法功能,著重分析了“A不A,B不B”詞匯義與構(gòu)式義的相互制約關(guān)系和貶抑性固化過程,認(rèn)為“A不A,B不B”實(shí)質(zhì)上是構(gòu)式“不A不B”的關(guān)聯(lián)模式,這種關(guān)聯(lián)主要表現(xiàn)在理據(jù)性的承繼上,最后還探討了該構(gòu)式的貶抑義泛化原因。第三,對(duì)構(gòu)式“半A不B”的研究。表述了“半A不B”的整體構(gòu)式義和常項(xiàng)“半”的語法性質(zhì)及主觀性,接著分析了A、B的詞性以及A、B語義特點(diǎn)與構(gòu)式貶義色彩之間的關(guān)系,還詳細(xì)論證了“半A不B”的句法位置對(duì)A、B詞性的要求和A、B的感情色彩對(duì)構(gòu)式語用意義的影響,詳細(xì)闡述了“半A不B”的構(gòu)式焦點(diǎn),同時(shí)也對(duì)該構(gòu)式的泛化原因作了初步的探討。第四,對(duì)構(gòu)式“半A半B”的研究。同樣的,我們分析了A、B的詞性和A、B語義關(guān)系與構(gòu)式感情色彩的關(guān)系,論述了“半A半B”的語法位置,詳細(xì)論述了“半A半B”泛化的原因,最后還對(duì)“半A半B”貶抑義形成原因進(jìn)行了探索。其次,我們比較了這四種貶抑性雙重否定構(gòu)式的句法、語義、語用的異同點(diǎn)。主要結(jié)論如下:其一,句法上的比較。A、B詞性和A、B位置及構(gòu)式的句法地位有很多相同之處,不同之處主要表現(xiàn)在構(gòu)式的形式特點(diǎn)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和體詞能否進(jìn)入各個(gè)構(gòu)式和句法成分分布不一之上。其二,語義上的比較。雖然這四類構(gòu)式中的A、B語義關(guān)系都對(duì)構(gòu)式的貶抑義產(chǎn)生了影響,但是所表現(xiàn)出來的貶抑程度不一樣,語義焦點(diǎn)也不一樣。其三,語用上的比較。分析四者的語體色彩和感情色彩的不同。
[Abstract]:The four constructions of "A A B", "A A B", "half A B" and "half A half B" have gained quite high frequency of use in modern Chinese because of their concise form and rich ideographic meaning. Moreover, in the long process of language development, people pay more and more attention to the superiority of this kind of bidirectional negative construction, so the research on this kind of structure is beginning to increase. However, there are few comprehensive analyses and comparative studies on these four constructions. Based on the theory of construction and the theory of cognitive linguistics and "three planes", this paper attempts to make a thorough and systematic comparative study of these four types of constructions. First of all, this paper analyzes the construction characteristics of "A A B", "A A B B", "half A B" and "half A half B", respectively. First, the study of "No A, no B". This paper briefly describes the grammatical nature and subjectivity of "Bu". This paper analyzes in detail the part of speech of the construction variable AZB, investigates and sums up the syntactic functions of "not A B", explains the relationship between the semantic relation of AZB and the whole construction derogatory evaluation color, and then sums up the whole meaning of the construction. Then it discusses the relationship between construction meaning and lexical meaning, the subjective process of construction, the cause of derogatory meaning and the influencing factors. Second, the study of the construction "A Bu B B". Starting with the static description of the components and semantic features of the construction, this paper probes into the influence of the semantic relationship of AZB on the pragmatic emotional color of the construction, and further analyzes the grammatical functions of the construction on the basis of previous studies. This paper emphatically analyzes the relationship between the lexical meaning and the construction meaning of "A Bu B" and the process of derogatory solidification. It is considered that "A Bu B not B" is essentially the relevant mode of constructing "A no B". The correlation is mainly reflected in the inheritance of motivation, and finally, the reason for the derogatory generalization of the construction is discussed. Third, the study of the construction of "half A not B". This paper describes the grammatical nature and subjectivity of "half A not B" and "half", and then analyzes the part of speech of AJB and the relationship between semantic characteristics of AJB and derogatory color of construction. It also demonstrates in detail the requirements of the syntactic position of "half A not B" on the part of speech of Agna B and the influence of the emotional color of the "Agna B" on the pragmatic meaning of the construction, and expounds in detail the focus of the construction of "half A not B". At the same time, the generalization reason of the construction is also discussed. Fourth, the study of the construction of "half a half B". In the same way, we analyze the relationship between the part of speech and the semantic relation of AJB and the color of construction emotion, discuss the grammatical position of "half A and B", and discuss in detail the reasons for the generalization of "half A and B". Finally, the paper explores the causes of the derogatory meaning of "half A-B". Secondly, we compare the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic similarities and differences of the four derogatory double negative constructions. The main conclusions are as follows: first, there are many similarities between the syntactic comparison of the part of speech and the position and the syntactic position of the construction. The differences are mainly manifested in the formal characteristics of the construction. Whether modal verbs and aspect words can enter into different constructions and syntactic elements is different. Second, semantic comparison. Although all of the four types of constructions have an effect on the derogatory meanings of the constructions, the degree of derogation and the semantic focus are different. Third, pragmatic comparison. This paper analyzes the differences between the style color and the emotional color of the four.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H146

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