本文選題：不定量詞 + 搭配　； 參考：《湖南大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：詞語搭配是語言本體研究的重要內(nèi)容,有重要的理論和實踐意義。本文基于大型語料庫對不定量詞“點”“些”進行了搭配考察,分別提取出“點”“些”左側(cè)和右側(cè)的高頻搭配詞,進而對不定量詞的搭配形式進行了總結(jié)：“點”“些”的搭配形式基本相同,但是在使用頻率、表義功能等方面存在一些差異�！包c”的左側(cè)主要與數(shù)詞(60.98%)共現(xiàn),然后是動詞(20.83%)形容詞(7.89%)、代詞(4.64%),右側(cè)主要與名詞、少量的動詞以及形容詞“好”共現(xiàn)。“點”的搭配形式主要有：“一+點(+NP)”“VP+點(+NP)”,另外還有“VP+點”“A+點(+VP) " "VP+A+點”“X+點+好”“多/少+點+NP”“代詞+點+NP”“半+點”等。“半/一+點”主要用于否定句中表示完全否定,“半點”的否定語氣更強,“一點”用于肯定句時和“點”的用法相似,但“一點”傾向于修飾雙音節(jié)的NP且“一點”的強調(diào)意味、完句功能更強�！靶钡淖髠�(cè)主要與代詞(54.16%)共現(xiàn),然后依次是數(shù)詞“一”(28.40%)、動詞(12.79%)形容詞(1.91%)以及方位名詞“前”(0.17%),右側(cè)主要與名詞共現(xiàn)。其搭配形式主要是“R/一+些(+NP)”,其次是“VP+些+NP”,其他搭配形式的使用頻率較低。對不定量詞的偏誤進行考察和分析可以發(fā)現(xiàn),“些”存在的偏誤更多,主要是由于對“些”表復數(shù)功能的不理解導致錯用以及將“一些”“有些”“R些”等形式相互混淆；另外,“點”“些”都存在一些句法結(jié)構(gòu)上的偏誤,主要是將“VP+點/些+NP”以及“A+點/些+VP”這兩種形式與“VP+NP”“A+VP”混淆。從教材上來看,不定量詞的語法點相對較少,覆蓋率不高。本文提出了這樣一些教學建議：編撰相應的描寫語法,用作對外漢語教師的參考用書；教師可以參考本文的高頻搭配詞和類聯(lián)接形式對不定量詞的語法點進行適當?shù)难a充；應選用高頻搭配詞進行教學、培養(yǎng)學生的搭配能力；在對某一語法形式進行教學時,應注重加強與相近形式的辨析,加強對“R些”“有些”等語法點的教學；注重語言點的操練和語感的培養(yǎng),補充相應的練習等。
[Abstract]:Collocation is an important content in the study of language ontology and has important theoretical and practical significance.Based on the large corpus, this paper investigates the collocation of the indefinite words "dot" and "some", and extracts the high-frequency collocation words of "dot" and "some" on the left and right, respectively.Then the collocation forms of indefinite quantifiers are summarized: the collocation forms of "dot" and "some" are basically the same, but there are some differences in the frequency of use and the function of semantic expression.The left side of the "dot" appears mainly with the numeral 60.98), then the verb is 20.83) the adjective is 7.89, the pronoun is 4.64, the right side is mainly with the noun, a few verbs and the adjective "good".The collocation of "dot" mainly includes "one point", "VP point", "VP point" "A point", "VP A point", "X point", "more or less NP", "pronoun point" "NP", and so on."half / one" is mainly used to indicate total negation in negative sentences. The negative tone of "half dots" is stronger, and the use of "points" in positive sentences is similar to that of "dots".But the "point" tends to modify the NP of the double syllable and the emphasis of the "point" means that the completion function is more powerful.The left side of "some" is mainly associated with the pronoun 54.16), followed by the numeral "one" (28.40), the verb (12.79) adjective 1.91) and the noun "in front" (0.17), and the right mainly with the noun.The collocation forms are mainly "R / one" (NPs), followed by "VP" (NP), and the other collocations are less frequently used.By investigating and analyzing the errors of indefinite quantifiers, we can find that there are more errors in "some", mainly due to the lack of understanding of the complex function of "some" and the confusion between "some" and "R".In addition, there are some syntactic errors in "dot" and "Dist", mainly by confusing the two forms of "VP point / some NP" and "A point / some VP" with "VP" "AVP".In terms of teaching materials, the grammatical points of indefinite quantifiers are relatively small and the coverage is not high.Some teaching suggestions are put forward in this paper: compiling the corresponding descriptive grammar as a reference book for teachers of Chinese as a foreign language, making appropriate additions to the grammatical points of indefinite quantifiers with reference to the high frequency collocation words and the form of class connection in this paper;We should choose high-frequency collocation words for teaching and cultivate students' collocation ability, while teaching a certain grammar form, we should pay attention to the discrimination and analysis of similar forms, and strengthen the teaching of grammar points such as "R some" and "some".Pay attention to the practice of language points and the cultivation of language sense, complement the corresponding practice.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H195

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