本文選題：日語漢字詞 + 同形異義詞��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在漢語學(xué)習(xí)的初級(jí)階段，日語漢字詞的存在使得日本留學(xué)生在漢語習(xí)得的過程中更容易受母語負(fù)遷移的干擾，導(dǎo)致詞語的誤解和誤用。因此，在對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)的過程中，必須重視在日本留學(xué)生漢語學(xué)習(xí)的初級(jí)階段日語漢字詞對(duì)日本留學(xué)生漢語學(xué)習(xí)的負(fù)遷移作用。 本文主要包括以下內(nèi)容： 首先對(duì)日語漢字詞進(jìn)行了全面系統(tǒng)的分析，包括日語漢字詞產(chǎn)生的歷史背景、日本現(xiàn)行常用漢字的確定、日語漢字詞的概念、種類和特點(diǎn)及其與漢語詞的關(guān)系。 其次從兩方面系統(tǒng)全面的對(duì)漢日漢字詞進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析：一方面是詳細(xì)分析了日漢同形詞和日漢異形詞中異形同義詞的來源及產(chǎn)生原因；另一方面按照日漢同形詞和異形詞語義的異同，，對(duì)日漢同形詞和異形詞進(jìn)行分類和概念界定，并主要對(duì)《漢語水平詞匯和漢字等級(jí)大綱》中1033個(gè)甲級(jí)詞匯進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，對(duì)日漢同形詞中的同形異義詞、同形近義詞和日漢異形詞中的異形同義詞在《大綱》中的分布做了窮盡性考察。 再次詳細(xì)分析了初級(jí)階段日語漢字詞對(duì)日本留學(xué)生漢語學(xué)習(xí)的負(fù)遷移表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)對(duì)《漢語水平詞匯和漢字等級(jí)大綱》的1033個(gè)甲級(jí)詞匯中同形異義詞、同形近義詞和異形同義詞的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果，結(jié)合“北京語言大學(xué)HSK動(dòng)態(tài)作文語料庫”中的日本留學(xué)生的文本語料，以三類詞的統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果共243個(gè)詞作為考察對(duì)象，在語料庫中進(jìn)行偏誤語料收集。筆者又分別以三類詞各自的偏誤句作為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析并歸類總結(jié)，再從書寫、詞語意義、詞語搭配和語用四個(gè)方面來全方位考察日語漢字詞所帶來的負(fù)遷移表現(xiàn)。 最后本文結(jié)合日語漢字詞的負(fù)遷移表現(xiàn)，分析了負(fù)遷移產(chǎn)生的原因并提出在對(duì)外漢語教學(xué)中避免日語漢字詞產(chǎn)生負(fù)遷移作用的幾點(diǎn)策略。在結(jié)語部分，筆者歸納總結(jié)出對(duì)比分析的結(jié)論并指出今后還需要進(jìn)一步研究和探索的領(lǐng)域。
[Abstract]:In the initial stage of Chinese language learning, the existence of Japanese Chinese characters makes Japanese students more susceptible to the negative transfer of their mother tongue in the process of Chinese acquisition, leading to misunderstanding and misuse of words.Therefore, in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, we must pay attention to the negative transfer of Japanese Chinese words to Japanese students in the primary stage of learning Chinese.This paper mainly includes the following contents:First of all, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of Japanese Chinese characters, including the historical background of Japanese Chinese characters, the determination of Japanese commonly used Chinese characters, the concept, types and characteristics of Japanese Chinese characters and their relationship with Chinese words.Secondly, it makes a comparative analysis of Chinese and Japanese words from two aspects: on the one hand, it analyzes in detail the origin and causes of the synonyms of heteromorphism in Japanese and Chinese homographs and in Japanese and Chinese special-shaped words;On the other hand, according to the semantic similarities and differences between Japanese and Chinese homographs and special-shaped words, this paper classifies and defines the concepts of Japanese and Chinese homotypic words, and mainly makes a statistical analysis of 1033 A-level words in the outline of Chinese level words and Chinese characters.The distribution of isomorphic synonyms in Japanese and Chinese homograph words, isomorphic synonyms and alloformal synonyms in outline is studied in this paper.The negative transfer of Japanese Chinese characters to Japanese students is analyzed in detail.According to the statistical results of homographs, synonyms and synonyms in 1033 Grade A words in the outline of Chinese level Vocabulary and Chinese characters,Based on the text data of Japanese foreign students in HSK dynamic composition Corpus of Beijing language and language University, 243 words of three kinds of words were used as the object of investigation, and errors were collected in the corpus.The author makes a detailed analysis of the three kinds of words' errors and summarizes them in detail, and then studies the negative transfer of Japanese Chinese words from four aspects: writing, word meaning, collocation and pragmatics.Finally, combining the negative transfer performance of Japanese Chinese characters, this paper analyzes the causes of negative transfer and puts forward some strategies to avoid the negative transfer of Japanese Chinese characters in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.In the conclusion part, the author sums up the conclusion of comparative analysis and points out the fields that need further research and exploration in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H195.3

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