本文選題：方式詞　切入點(diǎn)：語義指向　出處：《淮北師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文所選取的研究對象是現(xiàn)代漢語中較常用的方式詞“隨X”類，包括“隨口”、“隨手”、“隨身”、“隨腳”、“隨筆”、“隨機(jī)”、“隨地”、“隨后”、“隨時”、“隨處”這十個詞。本文在借鑒前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)之上，，從語言事實(shí)入手，首先對其做為方式詞的基本狀況進(jìn)行較準(zhǔn)確的描寫和概括，然后對其與動詞的選擇限制作了分析，再著重探討其詞匯化、語法化歷程，以期達(dá)到分析它在現(xiàn)代漢語中的發(fā)展及使用規(guī)律的目的。 緒論部分介紹了本文的研究對象、價值、意義、現(xiàn)狀、存在問題及研究方法、理論，著重對研究現(xiàn)狀做了介紹，并對語料來源進(jìn)行了說明。 第一章從共時靜態(tài)的角度探討了“隨X”類方式詞的語義特征和語義指向。通過意義將其分成兩小類，以“隨口”為代表的方式詞具有[+自主][+動作][+有生][+隨意][+沒經(jīng)過思考][+人的肢體或人體借助外物發(fā)出的動作]的語義特征，其語義指向句子的施事；以“隨機(jī)”為代表的方式詞具有[+自主][+動作][+有生][-具體時間、范圍限制]的語義特征，其語義指向句子的動作。 第二章從共時與歷時相結(jié)合的層面來分析“隨X”類方式詞與動詞音節(jié)和語義的選擇限制。從動詞音節(jié)來看，它主要與雙音節(jié)動詞搭配；從動詞語義來看，它與自主動詞搭配受限較少，與非自主動詞搭配所受限制較多。 第三章從歷時動態(tài)的角度首先分析了“隨X”類方式詞的共同語素“隨”的意義和詞性演變：由能夠獨(dú)立運(yùn)用、表示實(shí)際意義的動詞演變?yōu)椴荒軉为?dú)使用、表示句中語法關(guān)系的介詞，再虛化為黏著的、只表示語素意義的語素。其次在搜集到的語料基礎(chǔ)上對“口”、“手”、“身”、“腳”、“筆”、“機(jī)”、“地”、“后”、“時”、“處”與“隨”組成的合成詞的詞匯化、語法化歷程進(jìn)行了分析。再次，對“隨X”類方式詞的詞匯化、語法化動因做了簡要說明。 最后是結(jié)語部分。 縱觀全文，從語義指向到與動詞的選擇限制，再到詞匯化、語法化，本文較為全面的展示了“隨X”類作為方式詞的特征及與其他詞類的異同。
[Abstract]:The research object of this paper is "with X", which is commonly used in modern Chinese, including "random", "anytime", "accompanied", "with foot", "essay", "random", "anywhere", "followed", "anytime", "at any time", "with foot", "with writing", "random", "anywhere", "afterwards", "at any time".The ten words "everywhere".On the basis of the previous research results, this paper begins with the linguistic facts, first describes and generalizes the basic situation of the words as a mode word, and then analyzes its limitations on the choice of verbs.Then it discusses the process of lexicalization and grammaticalization in order to analyze its development and usage in modern Chinese.The introduction part introduces the research object, value, significance, status quo, existing problems and research methods, theory, and emphatically introduces the research status, and explains the source of the corpus.The first chapter discusses the semantic features and semantic direction of "with X" type words from the synchronic and static point of view.By dividing it into two subcategories of meaning, the words represented by "casually" have the semantic characteristics of [autonomous] [action] [living] [random] [without thinking] [human body or human body acting with the aid of external objects],Its semantic points to the agent of the sentence, and the "random" mode word has the semantic characteristics of "autonomous] [action] [living] [-specific time, scope limit], and its semantic direction is the action of the sentence."The second chapter analyzes the constraints of "with X" style words and verb syllables and semantics from the perspective of synchronic and diachronic combination.From the perspective of verb syllables, it is mainly collocated with dicyllabic verbs, and from the verb semantic point of view, its collocation with autonomous verbs is less restricted, and with non-autonomous verbs is more limited.In chapter 3, from the diachronic point of view, we first analyze the meaning and part of speech evolution of the common morpheme of "with X" type words: from the verbs which can be used independently and represent the actual meaning, they can not be used alone.A preposition that represents grammatical relations in a sentence, and then becomes adherent and represents morphemes only.Secondly, on the basis of the collected data, the words "mouth", "hand", "body", "foot", "pen", "machine", "ground", "hou", "Shi", "place" and "accompanying" are lexicalized.The process of grammaticalization is analyzed.Thirdly, the lexicalization and grammaticalization motivation of "with X" type words are briefly explained.The last part is the conclusion.Throughout the thesis, from semantic orientation to choice restriction of verbs, to lexicalization and grammaticalization, this paper comprehensively shows the characteristics of "with X" as a mode word and its similarities and differences with other parts of speech.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：淮北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H146

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