本文選題：《左傳》　切入點：體詞　出處：《北京大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文以《左傳》為主要語料來源,研究體詞性成分出現(xiàn)在謂語位置上這一語言現(xiàn)象。體詞性成分主要充當主語或賓語,一般是指稱性的；謂詞性詞語主要充當謂語,一般是陳述性的,表達有關對象的新信息。但在有些情況下,體詞性成分也可以出現(xiàn)在謂語位置上,發(fā)生了從指稱向陳述的轉(zhuǎn)化。 目前,現(xiàn)代漢語學者對這種現(xiàn)象的研究比較多,尤其是對“體詞性謂語句”的研究比較深入；在古代漢語領域主要是對“名詞動用”現(xiàn)象研究較多,還沒有對這種現(xiàn)象的全面考察。為了更好地理解體詞性成分充當謂語的特征和本質(zhì),我們有必要對古代漢語中的這種現(xiàn)象進行進一步研究,專書考察是其中很重要的一環(huán)。本文將在前賢時彥所作研究的基礎上,借鑒現(xiàn)代語言學理論,試圖在句法特征和語義特征方面提出自己的看法,希望可以為這一現(xiàn)象的研究提供更加深入全面的論述。 本文共分六章。第一章為序論,首先介紹了謂語和體詞這兩個與研究對象密切相關的概念,然后概述了體詞性成分充當謂語的研究成果,最后對本文的研究范圍進行劃定。凡是由本為體詞或體詞性結(jié)構(gòu)直接充當謂語的句子,均屬于本文的研究對象。第二章介紹了本文主要采用的理論方法,即論元角色理論、輕動詞理論和生成詞庫理論。 第三章至第五章是本文的主體部分。從謂語的功能出發(fā),本文把體詞性成分充當謂語的現(xiàn)象分為判斷、敘述和描寫三類,分章討論了各類謂語的表層句法形式、輕動詞結(jié)構(gòu)和體詞性成分做謂語的語義條件。本文依據(jù)論元角色理論觀察謂語位置上的體詞性成分的核心體詞所擔任的論旨角色,依據(jù)輕動詞理論歸納與體詞性成分充當謂語相關的輕動詞結(jié)構(gòu),依據(jù)生成詞庫理論研究核心名詞的物性結(jié)構(gòu)、語義類型和體詞性成分語義的生成方式。這樣可以把三類謂語納入同一系統(tǒng)進行描寫和比較,比以往的研究更加清楚。 第六章是結(jié)語,對體詞性成分陳述化現(xiàn)象進行了概括歸納。在《左傳》中,體詞性成分充當謂語雖然本身沒有發(fā)生句法上的變化,但需要滿足一定條件。不同類謂語的陳述性不同,原體詞性成分的發(fā)生的陳述化也有差異。結(jié)合句法位置、認知語言學理論和輕動詞結(jié)構(gòu),本文歸納出體詞性成分陳述化的等級。
[Abstract]:Taking Zuo Zhuan as the main data source, this paper studies the linguistic phenomenon that the body parts of speech appear in the predicate position. The body parts of speech are mainly used as subjects or objects, which are generally referential, and predicate words are mainly used as predicates. In general, it is declarative and expresses new information about the object, but in some cases, the part of speech component can also appear in the predicate position, and the transformation from reference to statement takes place. At present, there are many researches on this phenomenon among modern Chinese scholars, especially the research on "aspect and part of speech predicate sentence", and in the field of ancient Chinese, the phenomenon of "use of nouns" is mainly studied. In order to better understand the characteristics and essence of the predicate, it is necessary for us to further study this phenomenon in ancient Chinese. This paper, on the basis of the research done by Maehara Shihihiko, will draw lessons from modern linguistic theories and try to put forward his own views on syntactic and semantic features. It is hoped that it can provide a more thorough and comprehensive discussion for the study of this phenomenon. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter introduces the concepts of predicate and aspect word, which are closely related to the object of study. In the end, the scope of this study is defined. All sentences which are directly used as predicate by the body word or aspect structure belong to the research object of this paper. Chapter two introduces the main theoretical methods used in this paper, namely, the theory of argument role. Light verb theory and generative lexicon theory. The third to fifth chapters are the main part of this paper. From the function of predicate, this paper divides the phenomenon of body parts of speech as predicate into three categories: judgment, narration and description, and discusses the surface syntactic forms of all kinds of predicates. Based on the theory of argument role, this paper observes the role of tenor in the core body of aspect and part of speech component in predicate position. According to the theory of light verbs, the structure of light verbs related to the predicate is summed up, and the transitivity structure of core nouns is studied according to the theory of generative lexicon. In this way, three kinds of predicates can be described and compared in the same system, which is more clear than previous studies. The sixth chapter is the conclusion, which generalizes the declarative phenomenon of body parts of speech. In Zuo Zhuan, the body parts of speech act as predicates, although there is no syntactic change in itself. However, certain conditions need to be met. Different kinds of predicates are different in their declarative nature, and there are also differences in the occurrence of partial-of-speech components of mycoplasma, including syntactic position, cognitive linguistic theory and light verb structure. This paper sums up the level of representation of body parts of speech.
【學位授予單位】：北京大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H141

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相關期刊論文 前10條

1 朱德熙 ,v緙孜，

本文編號：1668364