本文選題：甲定苗族　切入點：親屬稱謂　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：親屬稱謂既是一種語言現(xiàn)象,反映著語言使用者所在的語言系統(tǒng)的面貌與狀況,又是一種文化現(xiàn)象,滲透著其所處的文化系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的婚姻、家庭等文化內(nèi)涵。它兼具自然屬性和社會屬性,成為一種紐帶式的文化現(xiàn)象,將多種研究領(lǐng)域有機地結(jié)合了起來。苗語的親屬稱謂,就現(xiàn)有的文獻看,多從親屬稱謂與親屬關(guān)系、親屬制度的聯(lián)系角度著手,發(fā)掘的多為親屬稱謂中蘊涵的苗族歷史文化與宗教傳統(tǒng),傾向于文化的研究。而較多地從語言學(xué)意義角度的研究相比之下就不多了,尤其針對苗語某個方言的親屬稱謂的就更少。因此,本人擬以貴州省貴陽市花溪區(qū)高坡苗族鄉(xiāng)甲定村苗語親屬稱謂為研究對象,通過實地調(diào)研獲得的材料,整理描述出該地苗語親屬稱謂系統(tǒng)并為其歸類,同時將著重從語義與語用的角度進行論述,總結(jié)規(guī)律,分析其語言學(xué)意義。 本文首先以血親和姻親關(guān)系為依據(jù),以祖輩、父輩、已輩至兒輩、孫輩五代為綱,系統(tǒng)描述甲定苗族的親屬稱謂系統(tǒng)。然后,著重從語義和語用兩個方面對其進行分析。 語義分析主要從甲定苗族親屬稱謂的義素分析、義位網(wǎng)絡(luò)、語義組合以及語義場的特點幾個方面展開。首先確定了適用于甲定苗語親屬稱謂的幾個語義范疇：血親和姻親；直系和旁系；輩分；性別；長幼,并且在借鑒前人研究經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上將這幾個范疇進一步劃分,區(qū)分出第一層關(guān)系、第二層關(guān)系和終點關(guān)系,以求對親屬稱謂進行更為深入的義素分析。其次,從一個稱謂詞指稱多個親屬關(guān)系的情況入手,分析親屬稱謂語義場中義位的聚合,探索其義位網(wǎng)絡(luò),歸納出甲定苗族的親屬稱謂主要有性別因素、直系與旁系關(guān)系、親疏關(guān)系以及長幼關(guān)系四種要素構(gòu)成的義位網(wǎng)絡(luò)。最后介紹了甲定苗族親屬稱謂中的幾種語義組合方式,最后總結(jié)了甲定苗族親屬稱謂語義場具有語義范疇多樣性、封閉性、社會性三個特點。 而甲定苗族親屬稱謂的語言使用方面,許多情況下,并不是每個稱呼者對每一位被稱呼者的稱呼都是唯一的,或是稱謂的方法上是統(tǒng)一的,而是有著場合、已婚未婚、有子無子以及稱呼者出發(fā)點等具體問題的區(qū)別的,從而出現(xiàn)了稱謂的變體。因此,在語用分析部分主要探討“敘稱和對稱”、“從夫稱和從妻稱”、“從孩稱”、“父母稱”、“釋稱”五種語用情況。
[Abstract]:Kinship appellation is not only a linguistic phenomenon, but also a cultural phenomenon, reflecting the appearance and status of the language system in which the language users live, and permeating the marriage within the cultural system in which they live. Family and other cultural connotations. It has both natural and social attributes, and it has become a kind of cultural phenomenon of tie type, organically combining many fields of study. From the angle of kinship appellation, kinship relation and kinship system, the historical culture and religious tradition of the Miao nationality contained in the kinship appellation are explored. There is a tendency to study culture. But there are few studies from the perspective of linguistic meaning, especially for the kinship terms of a certain dialect of Miao dialect. Therefore, I intend to take the relative appellation of Miao language in Gaopo Miao Village of Huaxi District, Guiyang City, as the research object. Through the materials obtained from the field investigation, I arrange and describe the kinship appellation system of the Miao language in this area and classify it. At the same time, it will focus on the semantic and pragmatic perspectives, summarize the rules, and analyze its linguistic significance. This paper first describes the kinship system of Jiading Miao nationality on the basis of consanguinity and in-laws, taking the ancestors, fathers, grandsons and grandchildren as the outline, and then analyzes the system from the semantic and pragmatic aspects. Semantic analysis is mainly carried out from the aspects of sememe analysis, semantic network, semantic combination and the characteristics of semantic field of kinship appellation of Jiading Miao nationality. Firstly, several semantic categories suitable for kinship appellation of Jiading Miao language are determined: blood relatives and in-laws; Direct and collateral systems; generation; gender; long and young; and on the basis of previous research experience, these categories are further divided into the first, second and end relationships. In order to analyze the meaning of kinship appellation more deeply. Secondly, starting with the case that one appellation term refers to multiple kinship relations, this paper analyzes the aggregation of the sememe in the semantic field of kinship appellation, and probes into the semantic network of kinship appellation. It is concluded that the kinship appellations of Jiading Miao nationality are mainly composed of sex factors, lineal and collateral relationships, affinities and relationships between parents and children. Finally, several semantic combinations of kinship appellations in Jiading Miao nationality are introduced. Finally, the semantic field of kinship appellation of Jiading Miao nationality has three characteristics: diversity of semantic category, closure and sociality. In many cases, not every address given by each address is the only one, or the method of addressing is uniform, but there are occasions, married and unmarried, in the use of the language of the kinship appellation of Jiading Miao nationality. There are differences in specific issues, such as children without children and starting points of appellants, thus resulting in variations of appellations. In the part of pragmatic analysis, five kinds of pragmatic conditions are mainly discussed, such as "narrative and symmetry", "from husband and wife", "from child", "from parents" and "interpretation".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H216

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