本文選題：語用學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：跨文化語用學(xué)　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：東鄉(xiāng)族主要分布于甘肅省,其語言東鄉(xiāng)語屬于阿爾泰語系蒙古語族,只有語言沒有文字。在中國國內(nèi)公布的瀕危語言中,東鄉(xiāng)語就屬于其中的一種。從語音、語法和詞匯方面研究東鄉(xiāng)語的論文和著作頗多,但是從語用學(xué)的角度來研究東鄉(xiāng)語的文獻(xiàn)卻很少。本篇研究首先分析東鄉(xiāng)族家庭成員之間實(shí)施致謝時所使用的致謝策略的異同點(diǎn),然后與西部地區(qū)的蘭州漢族家庭成員的致謝策略進(jìn)行分析和對比。 本篇研究主要回答四個研究問題：(1)東鄉(xiāng)族母親對兒子與母親對女兒實(shí)施致謝時使用的策略有何異同?(2)東鄉(xiāng)族岳父母對女婿與婆婆對兒媳在實(shí)施致謝言語行為時使用的策略有何異同?(3)東鄉(xiāng)族母親與子女之間和岳母/婆婆與女婿/兒媳之間實(shí)施致謝言語行為使用的策略有何異同?(4)東鄉(xiāng)族岳父母/婆婆—女婿/兒媳與蘭州漢族岳父母/公婆—女婿/兒媳實(shí)施致謝使用的策略有何異同?為了回答以上的四個問題,本研究隨機(jī)抽取了東鄉(xiāng)縣鎖南壩鎮(zhèn)和皋蘭縣540名村民作為被試,其中東鄉(xiāng)族270人,皋蘭漢族270人。 本研究主要包括以下六個步驟：一、訪談。二、角色扮演情景設(shè)計(jì)和角色扮演。根據(jù)訪談獲得的語料設(shè)計(jì)出與東鄉(xiāng)族村民日常生活息息相關(guān)的角色扮演情景。分別到東鄉(xiāng)縣鎖南壩鎮(zhèn)和皋蘭縣根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)的情景進(jìn)行角色扮演,并錄音、錄像。三、視頻與錄音轉(zhuǎn)寫,將角色扮演的視頻和錄音按照《東鄉(xiāng)語與漢語詞典》的注音,由東鄉(xiāng)語_大學(xué)生進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)寫；之后由東鄉(xiāng)族專家陳元龍先生進(jìn)行審校。四、預(yù)測。五、大規(guī)模問卷。六、問卷統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析。 研究結(jié)果表明：(1)東鄉(xiāng)族中母親對子女實(shí)施致謝言語行為,稱呼多為“通用稱呼”和“無稱呼”；她使用的角度多為“聽話者”角度,很少“說話者”角度；較多使用“間接策略”,很少使用“直接策略”；附加部分應(yīng)用的言語行為多為“贊美”、“道歉”和“責(zé)備”。當(dāng)母親對兒子實(shí)施致謝行為,傾向于使用“經(jīng)名”、“普通稱呼”和“聽話者角度”。當(dāng)母親對女兒實(shí)施致謝時,較多使用“無稱呼”、“普通稱呼”和“聽話者角度”。(2)東鄉(xiāng)族岳父、岳母對女婿實(shí)施致謝行為時,他們較多使用“親戚稱呼”,如“姐夫”,和“說話者”角度；他們傾向于使用“間接策略”；附加部分所應(yīng)用的言語行為包括“道歉”、“贊美”和“責(zé)備”。與此不同的是,當(dāng)岳父向女婿實(shí)施致謝言語行為時,比起岳母,使用更多“說話者”角度和“直接策略”。(3)東鄉(xiāng)族女兒/兒媳對母親/婆婆實(shí)施致謝行為時,她們都使用“親戚稱呼”如“阿娜”或“阿奶”和“說話者”角度；她們都較多使用“間接策略”,很少使用“直接策略”。但是,媳婦使用“說話者”角度的頻數(shù)多于女兒；關(guān)于附加部分所使用的言語行為方面,女兒較多使用“責(zé)備”,但兒媳很少使用。(4)將東鄉(xiāng)族岳母和蘭州漢族岳母對女婿實(shí)施致謝時使用的語用策略進(jìn)行對比,蘭州漢族岳母較多使用“無稱呼”和“聽話者”角度。相反,東鄉(xiāng)族岳母較多使用“親戚稱呼”,如“姐夫”；角度多用“說話者”角度。在附加部分使用言語行為方面,東鄉(xiāng)族岳母使用“責(zé)備”“說明”的頻數(shù)遠(yuǎn)多于蘭州漢族岳母使用的頻數(shù)。(5)婆婆向兒媳實(shí)施致謝時,蘭州漢族婆婆傾向于使用“通用稱呼”,但東鄉(xiāng)族婆婆卻很少用。比起東鄉(xiāng)族婆婆,蘭州漢族婆婆較多使用“聽話者”角度。當(dāng)向兒媳致謝時,蘭州婆婆較多使用直接策略但是東鄉(xiāng)族婆婆較多使用間接策略。 從不同點(diǎn)可看出,東鄉(xiāng)族和蘭州漢族受到不同的文化的影響,前者受到伊斯蘭文化影響,后者受到中國古典文化和近現(xiàn)代思想的影響。相似點(diǎn)表明這兩種文化是相互影響和相互滲透的。
[Abstract]:The Dongxiang nationality is mainly distributed in Gansu Province, the Dongxiang language belongs to the Altai Mongolia language family, there is no written language. The endangered languages published in domestic Chinese, a Dongxiang language belongs to them. From the study of Dongxiang language pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary of papers and works a lot, but few studies in Dongxiang language from a perspective of pragmatics. This paper first analyzes the implementation of the strategy of using thanks thanks Dongxiang family members similarities and differences, then thanks to members of the Western Han strategy and family in Lanzhou were analyzed and compared.
This study aims to answer four research questions: (1) Dongxiang mothers have similarities and differences on the use of his son and mother to daughter thanks the implementation strategy? (2) Dongxiang nationality parents on the similarities and differences of her son and daughter-in-law in the implementation of the strategy of gratitude Speech Act (3) between the Dongxiang nationality? Mother and child and mother and son / daughter / mother between the implementation of gratitude speech act strategies have similarities and differences? (4) Dongxiang nationality parents / son-in-law daughter-in-law and mother-in-law / Lanzhou Han Yue - son / daughter / parents in the implementation of the strategy used for the similarities and differences? In order to answer the above four questions. This study randomly selected from Dongxiang county and Gaolan County nanbazhen lock 540 villagers as subjects, of which Dongxiang family of 270 people, 270 people of Han nationality in Gaolan.
This research mainly includes the following six steps: first, interview. Two, role-playing scene design and role-playing. Based on the corpus design interviews that are closely linked with the Dongxiang nationality villagers' daily life role play scenarios. Respectively to Dongxiang county and Gaolan County nanbazhen lock according to the design of the scene role play and video recording. Three, video recording and video recording and transcription, will play the role of the Dongxiang dialect and Chinese dictionary according to < > phonetic notation by Dongxiang language _ students are transcribed; followed by Dongxiang expert Mr. Chen Yuanlong review. Four, the forecast. Five. Six, large-scale questionnaire, statistics and analysis of the questionnaire.
The results show that: (1) the mother Dongxiang people for their children as much gratitude speech act, called "general term" and "no name"; she uses the angle "hearer" angle "speaker" angle; rarely use more "indirect strategies" rarely used "direct" strategy; the speech act of additional part of the application for the "praise", "apology" and "blame". When the mother of the son thanks to implement, tend to use the "name", "common name" and "the hearer angle". When the mother thanked him for the implementation of the daughter, the use of more "call", "ordinary call" and "the hearer angle". (2) the Dongxiang nationality father-in-law, mother-in-law implementation thanks behavior on the son-in-law, they use more "call relatives", such as "brother", and "the speaker" point of view; they tend to use "indirect strategies"; additional Department The speech act of branch applications including "apology", "praise" and "blame". This is different, when the father to son implementation of gratitude speech act, the use of more than the mother, "the speaker" perspective and "direct strategies". (3) the Dongxiang nationality of mother / daughter / daughter-in-law mother-in-law implementation thanks behavior when they are using the "relatives call" such as "Ahna" or "milk" and "speaker" perspective; they employ more "indirect strategies", rarely used "direct strategies". However, the use of "speaker" daughter-in-law angle frequency is more than the female infants; on the use of an additional part of the speech act. The use of more daughters "blame", but the daughter rarely used. (4) the Dongxiang nationality and Han nationality in Lanzhou of mother-in-law mother-in-law son-in-law implementation thanks pragmatic strategies used when comparing Lanzhou Han mother-in-law used more "call" and" The hearer "point of view. On the contrary, the Dongxiang nationality mother-in-law used more" relatives call ", such as" brother ";" the speaker "with multi angle perspective. In terms of the use of an additional part of speech act, the Dongxiang nationality mother-in-law use" blame "and" explain "frequency far more than the Lanzhou Han mother-in-law used frequency. (5) the mother-in-law thanks to the implementation of Lanzhou Han daughter-in-law, mother-in-law tend to use the" general term ", but Dongxiang mother-in-law seldom uses it. Compared to the Dongxiang family mother-in-law, Lanzhou Han mother-in-law used more" obedient "angle. When the daughter thanks, mother-in-law of Lanzhou more direct strategies but Dongxiang nationality mother-in-law use more indirect strategies.
From different points, we can see that Dongxiang and Lanzhou Han are influenced by different cultures. The former is influenced by Islamic culture, and the latter is influenced by Chinese classical culture and modern thoughts. Similarities show that these two cultures interact with each other and penetrate each other.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H233;H172.2

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本文編號：1615341