本文選題：漢語　切入點：俄語　出處：《山東大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：委婉語((?)BM)是指不含感情色彩的代替近義詞或者具有令人不悅的、不夠尊重的含義的詞或者詞語①。委婉語在日常生活中扮演十分重要的角色。委婉語的作用很廣泛,主要是幫助說話人避免說出不好聽或者尷尬的事情,可是在漢語中委婉語還有另一個作用,就是把好聽的話變成更好聽、增加禮貌的。雖然在現(xiàn)代漢語委婉語的第二個作用出現(xiàn)的越來越少,可是這還是普遍的現(xiàn)象。本文的主要目的是通過調(diào)查問卷,研究目前具有漢語高級水平的俄羅斯?jié)h語學習者對漢語的委婉語了解的程度,分析出在學習漢語中缺乏的漢語委婉語,并提出一些教學方面的建議,因此所存在的知識的空白以后不會再出現(xiàn)。全文可以分為五個部分：第一章：以選題意義、研究綜述、研究的目的及方法為主要內(nèi)容,通過研究綜述分析出目前研究中出現(xiàn)的不足,作為本論文研究的內(nèi)容。第二章：通過兩本詞典“委婉語應用辭典”和“CnoBapb 3Bc(?)eM(?)3MOB pyccKoro(?)Ka”的分析與對比,研究目前兩種語言中運用委婉語的目的、頻率、范圍等；找出不同點作為俄羅斯?jié)h語學習者在學習漢語中的難點；通過從“委婉語應用辭典”篩選俄羅斯?jié)h語學習者在使用漢語中會用到的口語的委婉語,我們選出來了154個委婉語作為研究主要的內(nèi)容。第三章：通過語料庫方法及母語為漢語者的調(diào)查,我們完善了已篩選的委婉語列表,補充了口語中常常出現(xiàn)的委婉語,刪掉了用得很少或者多用于書面語的委婉語。第四章：通過漢語高級水平的俄羅斯?jié)h語學習者的調(diào)查,研究目前俄羅斯學習者對漢語委婉語了解的程度,并找出不足及空白,作為改善的內(nèi)容。第五章：在調(diào)查的結(jié)果上給予的建議并提供可以在教學漢語中補充的委婉語表。通過我們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語中委婉語是普遍的現(xiàn)象,并且大量使用。俄羅斯?jié)h語學習者對漢語委婉語只有基本的了解,對于一些常用的委婉語掌握的并不是很好。我做出了建議俄羅斯?jié)h語學習者學習的委婉語表格,一共有100個我們認為應該補充的委婉語(不包括在俄羅斯學習者漢語委婉語使用調(diào)查中頻率超過15%出現(xiàn)的委婉語)。希對望以后的委婉語教學及教材編寫起到一定作用。使學生學會如何正確地運用詞典查找委婉語,并更多地了解委婉語在日常生活中的使用。
[Abstract]:Euphemism? "BMM" is a word or word that does not contain feelings or has an unpleasant, disrespectful meaning. Euphemism plays a very important role in daily life. Euphemism plays a wide range of roles. The main thing is to help the speaker avoid saying things that are not easy to hear or embarrassing. But in Chinese, euphemism has another function, that is, to make the words that are good to listen better. Although the second role of euphemism in modern Chinese appears less and less, it is still a common phenomenon. This paper studies the understanding of euphemism in Russian Chinese learners with advanced Chinese level, analyzes the lack of Chinese euphemism in learning Chinese, and puts forward some teaching suggestions. Therefore, the blank of the existing knowledge will not appear again. The full text can be divided into five parts: the first chapter: the significance of the topic, the research summary, the purpose and method of the research as the main content. Based on the summary of the research, this paper analyzes the deficiency of the present research as the content of this thesis. Chapter two: through two dictionaries, "euphemism Applied Dictionary" and "CnoBapb 3BcCU"? Em? 3MOB pyccKoro? The purpose, frequency and scope of euphemism used in the two languages are studied, and differences are identified as difficulties for Russian Chinese learners in learning Chinese. By selecting the spoken euphemism that Russian Chinese learners will use in the use of Chinese from the euphemism Applied Dictionary, We have selected 154 euphemisms as the main contents of the study. Chapter three: through the corpus method and the survey of native speakers of Chinese, we have perfected the selected euphemism list and supplemented the euphemism that often appears in spoken language. Deleting the euphemisms that are used little or more in written language. Chapter 4th: through the investigation of Russian Chinese learners at the advanced level of Chinese, we study the extent to which Russian learners understand Chinese euphemism at present, and find out the deficiencies and gaps. As an improvement, Chapter 5th: suggestions on the results of the survey and a list of euphemisms that can be added to the teaching of Chinese. Through our research, we found that euphemism is a common phenomenon in Chinese. Russian Chinese learners only have a basic understanding of Chinese euphemism, but not very good at some commonly used euphemisms. I have made a euphemism form to suggest Russian Chinese learners to learn. There are 100 euphemisms that we think should be supplemented (excluding euphemisms that occur more than 15% times in the Russian Learners' Chinese euphemism Survey). Help students learn how to use dictionaries correctly to find euphemisms, And learn more about the use of euphemism in daily life.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：H195

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本文編號：1578702