本文關(guān)鍵詞： 滿語 多義詞 共時(shí) 歷時(shí) 認(rèn)知　出處：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：多義詞是世界各種語言中普遍存在的一種詞匯現(xiàn)象，也是最復(fù)雜的語言現(xiàn)象之一。滿語里的基礎(chǔ)詞匯量相對較少，，多義現(xiàn)象特別普遍，所以應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)滿語多義詞研究。也正是因?yàn)槎嗔x詞復(fù)雜、研究起來困難，所以我們應(yīng)該多維度地加以考察。本學(xué)位論文從共時(shí)、歷時(shí)和認(rèn)知三個(gè)角度探討滿語多義詞。 首先，本學(xué)位論文對滿語多義詞進(jìn)行共時(shí)分析，確定研究范圍、多義詞與同音詞之間的區(qū)別和界定、多義詞的語義結(jié)構(gòu)和語境制約性，總結(jié)滿語多義詞和英漢語言多義詞之間的共性特征以及滿語多義詞獨(dú)特的個(gè)性特征。其次，從歷時(shí)角度分析影響滿語多義詞詞義演變的因素。其中，不僅包括經(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài)、政治制度、民族交流、自然環(huán)境等客觀因素，也包括思維方式、審美情趣、價(jià)值觀念、宗教信仰、心理感情等主觀因素。概括總結(jié)滿語多義詞的詞義演變類型和途徑以及滿漢民族間的文化差異對多義詞詞義演變的影響。再次，運(yùn)用認(rèn)知語義學(xué)的理論，特別是原型范疇理論和概念隱喻理論，探討滿語多義詞的產(chǎn)生、詞義演變機(jī)制和語義結(jié)構(gòu)。從詞性分類的角度論述隱喻和轉(zhuǎn)喻在滿語多義詞詞義引申過程中的作用。最后，從理論和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合的角度探討滿語多義詞在教學(xué)、翻譯和詞典編纂方面的應(yīng)用價(jià)值。其中，著重分析學(xué)生隱喻能力的培養(yǎng)和滿語詞匯的翻譯問題。 希望通過本學(xué)位論文為未來的滿語多義詞研究提供借鑒，豐富滿語的詞匯語義研究，對滿語研究的理論創(chuàng)建和普通語言學(xué)建設(shè)有推動(dòng)作用。
[Abstract]:Polysemy is a common lexical phenomenon in all kinds of languages in the world, and it is also one of the most complicated linguistic phenomena. The basic vocabulary in Manchu is relatively small, and polysemy is especially common. Therefore, we should strengthen the study of polysemous words in Manchu. It is precisely because of the complexity of polysemous words that it is difficult to study them, so we should investigate polysemy in many dimensions. This dissertation discusses polysemous words in Manchu from synchronic, diachronic and cognitive perspectives. First of all, this thesis makes a synchronic analysis of Manchu polysemous words, determines the scope of study, the difference and definition between polysemous words and homonyms, the semantic structure and contextual constraints of polysemous words. This paper summarizes the common features between Manchu polysemous words and English and Chinese polysemous words, as well as the unique individual characteristics of Manchu polysemous words. Secondly, it analyzes the factors that influence the evolution of Manchu polysemous words from a diachronic point of view. Such objective factors as the political system, ethnic exchanges, natural environment, and so on, also include the mode of thinking, aesthetic taste, values, religious beliefs, Subjective factors, such as psychological feelings, summarize the evolution of polysemous words in Manchu and the influence of cultural differences between Manchu and Han nationalities on the evolvement of polysemous words. Thirdly, the theory of cognitive semantics is applied to analyze the meaning evolution of polysemous words in Manchu. In particular, prototype category theory and conceptual metaphor theory are used to discuss the emergence, evolution mechanism and semantic structure of polysemous words in Manchu. The role of metaphor and metonymy in the extension of polysemous words in Manchu is discussed from the perspective of classification of part of speech. This paper discusses the application value of Manchu polysemous words in teaching, translation and lexicography from the angle of theory and practice, and focuses on the cultivation of students' metaphorical competence and the translation of Manchu vocabulary. It is hoped that this dissertation can be used for reference in the future study of polysemous words in Manchu, enrich the lexical and semantic research of Manchu, and promote the theoretical establishment of Manchu study and the construction of general linguistics.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：H221

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本文編號(hào)：1527432